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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Long-term averages of solar-wind-speed data obtained in the ecliptic plane from July 1964 through December 1975 have been examined for a regular variation in flow speed associated with earth's yearly excursion to latitudes of plus or minus 7.25 deg about the solar equator. Regular speed modulations of about 70 km/s peaking at the highest latitudes are discernible from mid-1964 through 1966 and from early 1969 to early 1971. During the remainder of this 11.5-year interval, the modulations in speed seem to be aperiodic. A superposed epoch analysis of all the data fails to reveal a general solar latitude gradient in the solar-wind flow for these 11.5 years. It is concluded that with near-earth observations, a latitude dependence of the flow speed is too small to be detected on a regular basis against a background 'noise' of solar-wind streams, which vary in longitude, latitude, and time.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 82; Jan. 1
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The objective of the present paper is to search for an empirical closure relation for solar wind heat transport that applies to a microscopic scale. This task is approached by using the quasi-linear wave-particle formalism proposed by Perkins (1973) as a guide to derive an equation relating the relative drift speed between core-electron and proton populations to local bulk flow conditions. The resulting relationship, containing one free parameter, is found to provide a good characterization of Los Alamos Imp electron data measuring during the period from March 1971 through August 1974. An empirical closure relation is implied by this result because of the observed proportionality between heat flux and relative drift speed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Nov. 1
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A class of low-speed solar wind flows with velocities of 450 km/s and less, ion temperatures of 40,000 K and less, and heavy ion distributions indicating moderate coronal freezing in temperatures in the range from 1 million to 2.5 millions K is considered. For brevity this class is termed interstream. Interstream flows have as yet, not firm identification with a coronal origin. The considered investigation is concerned with the identification of the coronal origins of interstream flows. It is found that major sources of low speed solar wind are the quiescent, near-equatorial coronal streamers. Such an identification provides a natural explanation for the long term variations of solar wind electron temperature and density observed at 1 AU by Feldman et al. (1979) in terms of the concurrent long term morphological variation in the coronal equatorial streamer belt observed using the Mauna Loa K-coronameters.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; July 1
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Results of an autocorrelation analysis of the Mariner 2 data concerning solar-wind speed obtained in late 1962. A statistically significant correlation associated with the solar rotation has been found near a lag of 27 days; however, the amplitude of the correlation is only about 0.4, in essential agreement with measurements of Vela 2 and 3 during the period from July 1964 to July 1967. The relatively modest correlation is interpreted to mean that a number of speed structures observed by Mariner 2 did not endure for more than one solar rotation; those structures that did endure evolved significantly in shape, amplitude, and solar longitude from one solar rotation to the next. The analysis also shows that typical solar-wind structures occupied about 30 to 45 deg in solar longitude near 1 AU.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 77; June 1
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Generally poor correlations were obtained of solar wind flow speed measurements at one point in the ecliptic plane with measurements at the same point 28 days (one solar rotation) earlier or with measurements at other points in the ecliptic plane separated by 50 deg or more in solar longitude. This is evidence that either the flow speed is a very sensitive function of solar latitude or that temporal processes typically alter the speed of the wind emanating from particular solar regions on a time scale of about 4 days. From a measure of the persistence of the flow speed at the orbit of the earth, it appears that the temporal explanation is more likely to be the correct one.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Solar Wind; p 202-207
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-05-30
    Description: Localization and motion of energetic electron precipitation regions during negative magnetic bays, noting similarity of motion to that of auroral electrojets
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Solar wind flow properties associated with very low helium to hydrogen abundance ratios have been observed with Los Alamos instruments on IMP 6, 7, and 8 during 1971-1978. A characteristic pattern has been discovered consisting of correlated interplanetary field reversals, high plasma density, low and nearly identical H(+) and He(2+) bulk velocities, low H(+) and He(2+) kinetic temperatures, and minima in their ratios. Because coronal streamers straddle the current sheet close to the sun, the pattern discovered is the 'signal' of a coronal streamer at 1 AU. A superposed epoch analysis of 74 well-defined sector boundary crossings provides verification of the above correlation featuring a pronounced minimum in the helium to hydrogen abundance ratio at the sector boundary passage.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: AD-A104455 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; June 1
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ratio of helium to proton differential intensities at a fixed energy per charge in the diffuse ion population during long-lived upstream particle events is compared with the simultaneously measured solar wind He/H ratio. It is found that the He/H intensity ratio at about 30 keV in upstream events is highly correlated with and on the average directly proportional to the He/H ratio in the solar wind, and larger than the He/H ratio in the solar wind by an average factor of 1.6. It is concluded that the solar wind is the parent population for the diffuse ions. The He abundance in the diffuse component is on average observed to be larger than in the solar wind. The observations are consistent with the predictions of Fermi acceleration models for a seed particle population drawn from the solar wind with little compositional bias and moderately enhanced in He during the acceleration process.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 1501-150
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