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  • SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING  (9)
  • 1
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    Voyager 2 orbit determination at Neptune (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: Journal of the Astronautical Sciences (ISSN 0021-9142); 40; 3; p. 369-406.
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  • 2
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    Interplanetary optical navigation - Voyager Uranus encounter (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Optical observations were necessary during the Voyager II Uranus approach and encounter in order to meet mission navigational requirements. In this paper, the overall optical navigation system and operation at Uranus are outlined. The formulation of the optical observables are presented, as well as their subsequent integration into the overall orbit determination products. Optical data analysis and some resulting orbit determination results from Uranus are shown. Certain scientifically important results were natural outcomes of the optical data analysis, and these are also reviewed. Finally, certain optical navigation related problems are anticipated at the forthcoming Neptune encounter in 1989; these are briefly discussed as are plans to deal with them.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 86-2113
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  • 3
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    Orbit determination using synthetic aperture radar (1986)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to estimate orbital parameters is studied. The SAR image formation process which requires the ability to repeatedly transmit identical signals and accurately sense the return echoes from a region of terrain is described. The orbit determination capabilities of the SAR system's observables are investigated. Five SAR observations were collected from a simulated shuttle orbit, which was circular with a latitude of 220 km and along-track velocity of 7.7 km/sec, to obtain along-track and line-of-sight direction position measurements; the simulation reveals that only three SAR observations were required to determine the position of the spacecraft to within 100 m. A prototype SAR orbit determination system was developed. The system consists of a VAX 11/780 time-shared computer, a frame buffer, topographic maps, and software for line-pixel location of an object within a SAR image and for orbit determination. The prototype is applied to the processing of a single short arc of Shuttle Imaging-Radar-B (SIR-B) data. It is observed that the SAR data is useful as orbit determination or tracking data; however, the low SNRs in the SIR-B data made feature identification difficult.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AAS PAPER 85-412
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  • 4
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    Navigation accuracy analysis for the Mariner-Jupiter-Saturn 1977 mission (1976)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The results of the latest navigation capability study for the Mariner-Jupiter-Saturn 1977 mission are presented and analyzed. Predicted planet-relative and satellite-relative accuracies are given for radio only and radio plus optical approach navigation on three representative trajectories. In addition, planet-relative accuracies are given for cruise navigation on one of the trajectories. The dynamical and measurement error models used in the study are discussed, and the basic MJS77 navigation strategy is described. The navigation capability is evaluated in the light of the mission's objectives; and the variation in capability among the three trajectories is examined with regard to the effects of the major error sources and the trajectory dependent encounter geometries.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 76-833 , Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 18, 1976 - Aug 20, 1976; San Diego, CA
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  • 5
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    Voyager navigation strategy and accuracy (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The paper presents the results of the prelaunch navigation studies conducted for the Mariner spacecraft launched toward encounters with the giant planets. The navigation system and the strategy for using this system are described. The requirements on the navigation system demanded by the goals of the project are mentioned, and the predicted navigational capability relative to each of the requirements is discussed. Baseline navigation results for three possible trajectories are analyzed.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: Astrodynamics Specialist Conference; Sept. 7-9, 1977; Jackson Hole, WY; US
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  • 6
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    Optical navigation for the Galileo Gaspra encounter (1992)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The optical navigation process as practiced during the Gaspra encounter is presented. The characteristics of image formation for a single-frame mosaic picture required the development of a new image processing algorithm to extract the optical measurements. A detailed formulation of this algorithm is presented along with the results of applying it to the pictures returned from the spacecraft.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-4522 , 1992 AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 10, 1992 - Aug 12, 1992; Hilton Head Island, SC; United States
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  • 7
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    Satellite ephemerides for Voyager Saturn encounter (1982)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Satellite ephemerides played an important role in the navigation of the Voyager 1 and 2 Saturn encounters. They were used in the models of the gravitational forces acting on the spacecraft and of the onboard optical navigation measurements. They also were used in predicting the pointing directions of the onboard instruments for satellite scientific observations. This paper describes the form of the Voyager Saturn satellite ephemerides and gives the values of the parameters used in the ephemeris generation. The update of those parameters as part of the optical navigation process is also discussed, and the best Voyager ephemerides are presented and compared to those based on earlier Saturn satellite theories.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 82-1472 , Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 09, 1982 - Aug 11, 1982; San Diego, CA
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  • 8
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    Optical navigation during the Voyager Neptune encounter (1990)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Optical navigation techniques were required to successfully complete the planetary exploration phase of the NASA deep-space Voyager mission. The last of Voyager's planetary encounters, with Neptune, posed unique problems from an optical navigation standpoint. In this paper we briefly review general aspects of the optical navigation process as practiced during the Voyager mission, and discuss in detail particular features of the Neptune encounter which affected optical navigation. New approaches to the centerfinding problem were developed for both stars and extended bodies, and these are described. Results of the optical navigation data analysis are presented, as well as a description of the optical orbit determination system and results of its use during encounter. Partially as a result of the optical navigation processing, results of scientific significance were obtained. These results include the discovery and orbit determination of several new satellites of Neptune and the determination of the size of Triton, Neptune's largest moon.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-2877 , AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 20, 1990 - Aug 22, 1990; Portland, OR; United States
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  • 9
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    Voyager 2 orbit determination at Neptune (1990)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In August 1989 the Voyager 2 spacecraft encountered Neptune and Triton. Precise knowledge of the trajectory of the spacecraft relative to the Neptunian system was essential to ensure successful observations during the flyby, and to perform trajectory control. Determination of the orbit of Voyager 2 with respect to the Neptunian system was accomplished by the use of radiometric Doppler, range, and VLBI observations of the spacecraft in combination with spacecraft-based optical observations of Neptune, Triton, Nereid, and the Voyager-discovered satellite 1989N1. These data types were used in a new version of the JPL Orbit Determination Program to determine the orbit of the spacecraft as well as Neptunian system ephemerides and dynamical parameters, resulting in accurate delivery of the spacecraft to targeted conditions at Neptune and Triton.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-2879 , AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Conference; Aug 20, 1990 - Aug 22, 1990; Portland, OR; United States
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