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  • Seismology  (6)
  • Alleles  (4)
  • Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics  (4)
  • 1
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    In:  Nature, Luxembourg, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 395, no. 6697, pp. 62-65, pp. B06303, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publikationsdatum: 1998
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology ; hot ; spot ; Plate tectonics ; Surface waves ; Tomography ; Dispersion
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  • 2
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    In:  Earth planet. Sci. Lett., Luxembourg, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 197, no. 3-4, pp. 261-272, pp. B06303, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publikationsdatum: 2002
    Schlagwort(e): GeodesyY ; ConvolutionE ; hot ; spot ; Seismology ; EPSL
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-08-24
    Beschreibung: Author(s): Y. Shen, N. Whitaker, P. G. Kevrekidis, N. L. Tsitsas, and D. J. Frantzeskakis In this paper, we derive and study two versions of the short pulse equation (SPE) in (2+1) dimensions. Using Maxwell's equations as a starting point, and suitable Kramers-Kronig formulas for the permittivity and permeability of the medium, which are relevant, e.g., to left-handed metamaterials and d... [Phys. Rev. A 86, 023841] Published Thu Aug 23, 2012
    Schlagwort(e): Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Digitale ISSN: 1094-1622
    Thema: Physik
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2013-07-30
    Beschreibung: Author(s): D. Y. Tang, L. Li, Y. F. Song, L. M. Zhao, H. Zhang, and D. Y. Shen In a recent paper we reported dark pulse emission of an all-normal-dispersion-fiber laser [ Zhang, Tang, Zhao and Wu Phys. Rev. A 80 045803 (2009) ]. However, the formation mechanism of the dark pulse in the laser was unclear due to the limited temporal resolution of the measurement system. Using an... [Phys. Rev. A 88, 013849] Published Mon Jul 29, 2013
    Schlagwort(e): Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Digitale ISSN: 1094-1622
    Thema: Physik
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2008-04-19
    Beschreibung: The association of genetic variation with disease and drug response, and improvements in nucleic acid technologies, have given great optimism for the impact of 'genomic medicine'. However, the formidable size of the diploid human genome, approximately 6 gigabases, has prevented the routine application of sequencing methods to deciphering complete individual human genomes. To realize the full potential of genomics for human health, this limitation must be overcome. Here we report the DNA sequence of a diploid genome of a single individual, James D. Watson, sequenced to 7.4-fold redundancy in two months using massively parallel sequencing in picolitre-size reaction vessels. This sequence was completed in two months at approximately one-hundredth of the cost of traditional capillary electrophoresis methods. Comparison of the sequence to the reference genome led to the identification of 3.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, of which 10,654 cause amino-acid substitution within the coding sequence. In addition, we accurately identified small-scale (2-40,000 base pair (bp)) insertion and deletion polymorphism as well as copy number variation resulting in the large-scale gain and loss of chromosomal segments ranging from 26,000 to 1.5 million base pairs. Overall, these results agree well with recent results of sequencing of a single individual by traditional methods. However, in addition to being faster and significantly less expensive, this sequencing technology avoids the arbitrary loss of genomic sequences inherent in random shotgun sequencing by bacterial cloning because it amplifies DNA in a cell-free system. As a result, we further demonstrate the acquisition of novel human sequence, including novel genes not previously identified by traditional genomic sequencing. This is the first genome sequenced by next-generation technologies. Therefore it is a pilot for the future challenges of 'personalized genome sequencing'.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, David A -- Srinivasan, Maithreyan -- Egholm, Michael -- Shen, Yufeng -- Chen, Lei -- McGuire, Amy -- He, Wen -- Chen, Yi-Ju -- Makhijani, Vinod -- Roth, G Thomas -- Gomes, Xavier -- Tartaro, Karrie -- Niazi, Faheem -- Turcotte, Cynthia L -- Irzyk, Gerard P -- Lupski, James R -- Chinault, Craig -- Song, Xing-zhi -- Liu, Yue -- Yuan, Ye -- Nazareth, Lynne -- Qin, Xiang -- Muzny, Donna M -- Margulies, Marcel -- Weinstock, George M -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Rothberg, Jonathan M -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 17;452(7189):872-6. doi: 10.1038/nature06884.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18421352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Computational Biology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Genetic Variation/*genetics ; Genome, Human/*genetics ; Genomics/economics/*methods/trends ; Genotype ; Humans ; Individuality ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/economics/*methods ; Software
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-02-20
    Beschreibung: Higher-order chromatin structure is emerging as an important regulator of gene expression. Although dynamic chromatin structures have been identified in the genome, the full scope of chromatin dynamics during mammalian development and lineage specification remains to be determined. By mapping genome-wide chromatin interactions in human embryonic stem (ES) cells and four human ES-cell-derived lineages, we uncover extensive chromatin reorganization during lineage specification. We observe that although self-associating chromatin domains are stable during differentiation, chromatin interactions both within and between domains change in a striking manner, altering 36% of active and inactive chromosomal compartments throughout the genome. By integrating chromatin interaction maps with haplotype-resolved epigenome and transcriptome data sets, we find widespread allelic bias in gene expression correlated with allele-biased chromatin states of linked promoters and distal enhancers. Our results therefore provide a global view of chromatin dynamics and a resource for studying long-range control of gene expression in distinct human cell lineages.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515363/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4515363/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dixon, Jesse R -- Jung, Inkyung -- Selvaraj, Siddarth -- Shen, Yin -- Antosiewicz-Bourget, Jessica E -- Lee, Ah Young -- Ye, Zhen -- Kim, Audrey -- Rajagopal, Nisha -- Xie, Wei -- Diao, Yarui -- Liang, Jing -- Zhao, Huimin -- Lobanenkov, Victor V -- Ecker, Joseph R -- Thomson, James A -- Ren, Bing -- R01 ES024984/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM007198/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- U01 ES017166/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Feb 19;518(7539):331-6. doi: 10.1038/nature14222.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0653, USA [2] Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0653, USA. ; 1] Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0653, USA [2] Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. ; The Morgridge Institute for Research, 309 North Orchard Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA. ; Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. ; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. ; Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Twinbrook I NIAID Facility, Room 1417, 5640 Fishers Lane, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA. ; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. ; 1] The Morgridge Institute for Research, 309 North Orchard Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA [2] Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA [3] Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA. ; 1] Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0653, USA [2] University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genomic Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0653, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25693564" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Allelic Imbalance/genetics ; *Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cell Lineage/genetics ; Chromatin/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; *Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/genetics ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*cytology/*metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic/genetics ; Epigenesis, Genetic/*genetics ; Epigenomics ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Humans ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Digitale ISSN: 1476-4687
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 7
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    Unbekannt
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publikationsdatum: 1995-12-01
    Beschreibung: The role of natural selection in molecular evolution has been inferred primarily by rejection of null hypotheses based on neutral theory, rather than by acceptance of specific predictions based on selection. In this report, a population genetic test of a specific prediction for selection on DNA polymorphism is presented. Pyrethroid insecticide use constitutes an experiment for which form of selection and molecular target (voltage-gated sodium channels) are both known. As predicted, differential pyrethroid selection on tobacco budworm populations generated significant geographic heterogeneity in sodium channel marker allele frequencies, compared with arbitrary loci.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Taylor, M F -- Shen, Y -- Kreitman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Dec 1;270(5241):1497-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Entomology, Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7491497" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Alleles ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Evolution, Molecular ; *Genes, Insect ; Genetic Markers ; Insecticide Resistance ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Moths/*genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pyrethrins/pharmacology ; *Selection, Genetic ; Sodium Channels/*genetics ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2010-10-12
    Beschreibung: Acne inversa (AI), also known as hidradenitis suppurativa, is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory disease of hair follicles that often runs in families. We studied six Chinese families with features of AI as well as additional skin lesions on back, face, nape, and waist and found independent loss-of-function mutations in PSENEN, PSEN1, or NCSTN, the genes encoding essential components of the gamma-secretase multiprotein complex. Our results identify the gamma-secretase component genes as the culprits for a subset of familial AI, implicate the gamma-secretase-Notch pathway in the molecular pathogenesis of AI, and demonstrate that familial AI can be an allelic disorder of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Baoxi -- Yang, Wei -- Wen, Wen -- Sun, Jing -- Su, Bin -- Liu, Bo -- Ma, Donglai -- Lv, Dan -- Wen, Yaran -- Qu, Tao -- Chen, Min -- Sun, Miao -- Shen, Yan -- Zhang, Xue -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Nov 19;330(6007):1065. doi: 10.1126/science.1196284. Epub 2010 Oct 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Peking Union Medical College (CAMS-PUMC), Beijing, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929727" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/*genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Hidradenitis Suppurativa/*enzymology/*genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Middle Aged ; *Mutation ; Presenilin-1/genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-12-21
    Beschreibung: We revisit the problem of coseismic rupture of the 2008 M w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Precise determination of the fault structure and slip distribution provides critical information about the mechanical behaviour of the fault system and earthquake rupture. We use all the geodetic data available, craft a more realistic Earth structure and fault model compared to previous studies, and employ a nonlinear inversion scheme to optimally solve for the fault geometry and slip distribution. Compared to a homogeneous elastic half-space model and laterally uniform layered models, adopting separate layered elastic structure models on both sides of the Beichuan fault significantly improved data fitting. Our results reveal that: (1) The Beichuan fault is listric in shape, with near surface fault dip angles increasing from ~36° at the southwest end to ~83° at the northeast end of the rupture. (2) The fault rupture style changes from predominantly thrust at the southwest end to dextral at the northeast end of the fault rupture. (3) Fault slip peaks near the surface for most parts of the fault, with ~8.4 m thrust and ~5 m dextral slip near Hongkou and ~6 m thrust and ~8.4 m dextral slip near Beichuan, respectively. (4) The peak slips are located around fault geometric complexities, suggesting that earthquake style and rupture propagation were determined by fault zone geometric barriers. Such barriers exist primarily along restraining left stepping discontinuities of the dextral-compressional fault system. (5) The seismic moment released on the fault above 20 km depth is 8.2 x 10 21  N m, corresponding to an M w 7.9 event. The seismic moments released on the local slip concentrations are equivalent to events of M w 7.5 at Yingxiu-Hongkou, M w 7.3 at Beichuan-Pingtong, M w 7.2 near Qingping, M w 7.1 near Qingchuan, and M w 6.7 near Nanba, respectively. (6) The fault geometry and kinematics are consistent with a model in which crustal deformation at the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau is decoupled by differential motion across a decollement in the mid crust, above which deformation is dominated by brittle reverse faulting and below which deformation occurs by viscous horizontal shortening and vertical thickening.
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Digitale ISSN: 1365-246X
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press im Namen von The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-06
    Beschreibung: Recently constructed models of crustal structure across Tibet based on surface wave data display a prominent mid-crustal low velocity zone (LVZ) but are vertically smooth in the crust. Using six months of broad-band seismic data recorded at 22 stations arrayed approximately linearly over a 440 km observation profile across northeastern Tibet (from the Songpan–Ganzi block, through the Qaidam block, into the Qilian block), we perform a Bayesian Monte Carlo joint inversion of receiver function data with surface wave dispersion to address whether crustal layering is needed to fit both data sets simultaneously. On some intervals a vertically smooth crust is consistent with both data sets, but across most of the observation profile two types of layering are required: a discrete LVZ or high velocity zone (HVZ) formed by two discontinuities in the middle crust and a doublet Moho formed by two discontinuities from 45–50 km to 60–65 km depth connected by a linear velocity gradient in the lowermost crust. The final model possesses (1) a mid-crustal LVZ that extends from the Songpan–Ganzi block through the Kunlun suture into the Qaidam block consistent with partial melt and ductile flow and (2) a mid-crustal HVZ bracketing the south Qilian suture coincident with ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks at the surface. (3) Additionally, the model possesses a doublet Moho extending from the Qaidam to the Qilian blocks which probably reflects increased mafic content with depth in the lowermost crust perhaps caused by a vertical gradient of ecologitization. (4) Crustal thickness is consistent with a step-Moho that jumps discontinuously by 6 km from 63.8 km (±1.8 km) south of 35° to 57.8 km (±1.4 km) north of this point coincident with the northern terminus of the mid-crustal LVZ. These results are presented as a guide to future joint inversions across a much larger region of Tibet.
    Schlagwort(e): Seismology
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Digitale ISSN: 1365-246X
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press im Namen von The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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