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  • Chemistry  (91)
  • General Chemistry  (38)
  • Pyridines
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese neuartig substituierter Pyridazin-6(1H)-one (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 341-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Chloroacetic acid chloride ; Phenylhydrazono acetamides ; Pyridines ; Pyridazin-5-ylpyridinium chlorides ; 4,5-Diamino-pyridazin-6(1H)-ones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Arylhydrazono acetamides1 react with chloroacetic acid chloride to give N-chloroacetyl derivatives2. Subsequent reaction with pyridines followed by ring closure yield 1-(4-amino-6-oxo-pyridazin-5-yl)-pyridinium chlorides3. Analogously, 1-(6-oxo-pyridazin-5-yl)-pyridinium chloride (5) and 6-oxo-5-pyridinio-pyridazin-4-olate (4) are formed from phenylhydrazono derivatives and pyridine. Treatment of3 and4 with hydrazinium hydrate gives 4,5-diamino-6-oxo-pyridazin-3-carbohydrazides6 and 5-amino-4-hydroxy-pyridazin-6(1H)-one (8). An analogous ring cleavage of3e and5 gives rise to 4,5-diamino- and 5-amino-pyridazin-6(1H)-ones7. On treatment of the pyridinium salts3 with caustic soda in water, nucleophilic addition of the amino group to the pyridinium ring takes place and stable dehydrated products9 are isolated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00816103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses with pyridinium and sulfonium salts of acylated β-enaminonitriles (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 711-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Malononitrile ; Benzoles ; Pyridines ; Thiophenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Pyridinium- und Sulfoniumsalze2a–e, die aus 3-Amino-2-(α-halo-acetyl)-crotonsäurenitril und 3-Amino-2-(α-halo-acetyl)-zimtsäurenitril hergestellt werden können, reagieren mit Malonsäuredinitril in Gegenwart einer Base zu 3-Amino-2-pyridinio-phenolaten3a,b und 3-Amino-2-sulfonio-phenolaten3c–e. In Analogie wurden 3-Amino-2-(diethyloxyphosphoryl)-phenol5a und 3-Amino-2-(p-tolyl-sulfonyl)-phenol5b erhalten. 2,3-Diamino-phenole6a,b werden aus den Pyridiniumsalzen3a,b gebildet. Das Verhalten der Pyridiniumsalze2a,b gegenüber Heterokumulenen ist untersucht worden. Cyanamid führt zum (2-Amino-4-hydroxy-pyrid-3-yl)-pyridiniumsalz8c. Phenylisothiocyanat liefert die 3-Pyridinio-2-thioxo-pyridin-4-olate9a,b. In Abhängigkeit vom Substituenten in der Position 6 entsteht bei der Reaktion mit Schwefelkohlenstoff ein 3-Pyridinio-2-thioxo-pyridin-4-olat10 oder ein 3-Pyridinio-2-thioxo-thiopyran-4-olat11. Phenylisocyanat reagiert zum Pyrimidin-2,4-dion12 unter Verlust von N-Methyl-pyridiniumchlorid. S-Methylierung von9a und Spaltung des Pyridiniumringes ergibt das 3-Amino-2-methylthio-pyrid-4-on14. Die Verbindungen wurden1H- und13C-NMR-spektroskopisch untersucht.
    Notes: Summary Pyridinium and sulfonium salts2a–e which can be prepared from 3-amino-2-(α-haloacetyl)-crotonitriles and 3-amino-2-(α-halo-acetyl)-3-phenyl-acrylonitriles react with malononitrile in the presence of a base to 3-amino-2-pyridinio-phenolates3a,b and 3-amino-2-sulfonio-phenolates3c–e. In an analogous way, 3-amino-2-(diethyloxyphosphoryl)-phenol5a and 3-amino-2-(p-tolyl-sulfonyl)-phenol5b have been prepared. 2,3-Diamino-phenoles6a,b are formed from the pyridinium salts3a,b. The behaviour of the pyridinium salts2a,b towards heterocumulenes has been investigated. Cyanamide leads to the (2-amino-4-hydroxy-pyrid-3-yl)-pyridinium salt8c. Phenylisothiocyanate gives the 3-pyridinio-2-thioxo-pyridin-4-olates9a,b. Carbon disulfide gives rise to 3-pyridinio-2-thioxo-pyridin-4-olate10 or 3-pyridinio-2-thioxo-thiopyran-4-olate11, depending on the substituent at the 6-position. Phenylisocyanate reacts to the pyrimidin-2,4-dione12 with loss of N-methyl-pyridinium chloride. S-methylation of9a and cleavage of the pyridine moiety yields the 3-amino-2-methylthio-pyrid-4-one14. The structures were investigated by1H and13C NMR spectroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807162
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyrazole und Amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrole (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 337 (1995), S. 472-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Amino-thieno[2,3-c]pyrazoles and Amino-thieno[2,3-b]pyrrolesThe synthesis of thieno[2,3-c]pyrazoles and thieno[2,3-b]pyrroles is described. From the dithioliumsalt (1) and potassium hydroxide the potassium-(2,2-dicyan-1-methylthio-ethen-1-yl)-thiolate (2) is formed. This reacts with hydrazine hydrate to form the 3-amino-5-thioxo-pyrazol-4-carbonitrile (3) S-Alkylation with α-chlorocarbonyl compounds yielding (6a-c) leads via Thorpe-Ziegler-cyclization to 3,4-diamino-thieno[2,3-c]pyrazoles (9) if the position 1 is alkylated (8). Acetyl acetone yields 2-mercapto-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (5). After S-alkylation (10a-d) are immediately cyclized to thieno [2′,3′:3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (11a-d). The ketone (6a) can be cyclized to the pyrazolo [5,1-b]thiazole (12). 3 reacts with oxalyl chloride to form the 2,3-dioxo-6-thioxo-imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole (13) of which S-phenacyl derivative (14) because the NH-proton cannot be cyclized. The 5-amino-3,4-dicyano-pyrrol-2-thiolate (16) shows the analogous behaviour. The S-alkylation is followed by cyclization, and 3,5-diamino-thieno[2,3-b]pyrroles (18a-b) arise. Reaction of 5-amino-2-alkylthio-pyrrol-3,5-dicarbonitrile (17) with acetyl acetone provides pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (20a-c) which can be cyclized to form thieno[3′,2′:4,6]pyrimidines (21a-c) very easily.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.199533701101
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Synthese von 3-Amino-pyrrolen durch Thorpe-Ziegler-CyclisierungHerrn Prof. Dr. K. Schwetlick zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 334 (1992), S. 491-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Synthesis of 3-Amino-pyrroles by Thorpe-Ziegler-CyclizationN-Aryl and alkylaminomethylene cyanacetic acid derivatives 1 react with α-halogencarbonyl compounds 2 in the presence of potassium carbonate/sodium ethoxide to yield the substituted 3-amino-pyrroles 6. Using the same principle of cyclization pyrrole derivatives 6 can also be obtained by reaction of β-chloro- and β-alkoxymethylenemalononitriles 4 with β-aminocarbonyl compounds 5. From the malononitrile derivatives 1 containing the methylthio group in the β-position, and α-halogen ketones 7, the 2-dicyanomethylene oxazolines 8 arise which undergo alkoholysis by treatment with sodium alkoxide to form the 3-amino-5-alkoxy-pyrrole derivatives 9.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19923340608
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neue Synthese von substituierten 4-Amino-chinazolinen und deren Heteroanalogen (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 338 (1996), S. 206-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New Synthesis of Substituted 4-Amino-quinazolines and Their HeteroanalogaN-Chloracetyl-anthranilonitriles react with potassium thiocyanate in the presence of alcohol to the (4-aminoquinazolin-2-yl-thio)-acetic acid ester (5). In the presence of water or primary amine the acetic acid derivative (6) or the acetic acid amide derivatives (7) are obtained. 2,4-Diaminoquinazolines (8) arise if vigorous reaction conditions are employed. With 2-chloracetylamino-cyclopent-1-en-carbonitrile as starting material the pyrimidines (11) are formed from the reaction with potassium thiocyanate. Analogously, (4-pyrimidyl-2-yl-seleno)-acetic acid ester (12) and (thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimid-2-yl-seleno)-acetic acid derivatives (16) can be prepared with potassium selenocyanate. N-Chloracetyl derivatives of 5-membered heterocycles with enamino-nitrile structure (13, 15, 18, 20) react with potassium thiocyanate to yield thieno[2,3-d]-, thiazolo[4,5-d]-, pyrrolo[2,3-d]-, furo[2,3-d]- and pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidines (14, 16, 19a, 19b, 21).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19963380144
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogels based on 2.2.3.3.4.4.4.-heptafluorobutyl methacrylate (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 43 (1992), S. 335-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogele (vernetzte Polymere mit definiertem Wassergehalt) wurden aus hydrophilen Methacrylaten und Perfluorbutylmethacrylat durch radikalische Polymerisation und nachfolgende Quellung in gepufferter isotonischer Natriumchloridlösung hergestellt. Die erhaltenen Hydrogele wurden durch ihre lineare Quellung, den Wassergehalt, den Brechungsindex, den Gehalt an extrahierbaren Bestandteilen, ihre Transparenz für sichtbares Licht sowie durch ihre Sauerstoffpermeation charakterisiert. Derartige Hydrogele sind interessant als Materialien für Kontaktlinsen.
    Notes: Hydrogels (crosslinked polymers with a defined content of water) from hydrophilic methacrylates and perfluorobutyl methacrylate were prepared by radical polymerization, followed by swelling in buffered isotonic sodium chloride solution. The obtained hydrogel samples have been characterized by their linear expansion to hydration, weight-percent hydration, refractive index, extractables, percent transmission of visible light, and oxygen permeability. Such hydrogels are interesting as contact lens materials.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1992.010430608
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mischorgan zum Vergleichmäßigen laminarer Strömung in engen Rohren (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 38 (1966), S. 994-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330380912
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung von LiAl[P(CH3)2]4 und der Silylphosphine H3-x(CH3)xSi—P(CH3)2Frau Professor Margot Becke-Goehring zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 406 (1974), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of LiAl[P(CH3)2]4 and Silylphosphines H3-x(CH3)xSi—P(CH3)2By metallation of HP(CH3)2 with LiC4H9 (in diglyme, at -40°C) and the subsequent reaction of the LiP(CH3)2 with AlCl3 the compound LiAl[P(CH3)2]4 is obtained (solution in diglyme). The reactions with H3SiBr, CH3SiH2Br, (CH3(2)SiHBr, and (CH3)3)SiCl results in the formation of H3SiP(CH3)2, CH3SiH2,—P(CH32, (CH3)2)SiHP(CH3)2, and (CH3)3Si—P(CH3)2 in large quantities.
    Notes: Durch Metallierung von HP(CH3)2 mit LiC4H9 in Diglym bei -40°C und anschließende Umsetzung des gebildeten LiP(CH3)2 mit AlCl3 wird das LiAl[P(CH3)2]4 zugänglich (Lösung in Diglym). Die Umsetzung mit H3SiBr, CH3SiH2Br, (CH3)2SiHBr und (CH3)3SiCl führt zur präparativen Darstellung von H3Si—P(CH3)2, CH3SiH2—P(CH3)2, (CH3)2SiH—P(CH3)2 (CH3)3Si—P(CH3)2.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744060207
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaktionen zur Bildung von Silylphosphinen des Typs X3-(n+m)(CH3)nHmSi—PH2 (X = F, Cl, Br)Vorbericht: Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 405, 337 (1974). (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 407 (1974), S. 295-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation of Silylphosphines of the X3-(n+m)(CH3)nHmSi—PH2 Type (X = F, Cl, Br)Reactions of halosilanes with silylphosphines containing PH2-groups are reported. CH3SiHCl—PH2 is obtained by (1) For the synthesis of Cl3Si—PH2 reactions of SiCl4 with CH3SiH(PH2)2, CH3SiH2—PH2 and (CH3)3Si—PH2 are carried out in a manner analogous to that shown in eq. (2) Side reactions are observed. Cl3Si—PH2 is isolated in mixture with SiCl4 and CH3SiHCl—PH2 when the most reactive of the above compounds, CH3SiH(PH2)2 is utilized.
    Notes: Es wird über Reaktionen zwischen Halogensilanen und PH2-haltigen Silylphosphinen berichtet. CH3SiHCl—PH2 wird nach Gl. (1) zugänglich. Zur Bildung von Cl3Si—PH2 wurden Umsetzungen von SiCl4 mit CH3SiH(PH2)2, CH3SiH2—PH2 und (CH3)3Si—PH2 durchgeführt, wobei Reaktionen entsprechend Gl. (2) eintreten. Es treten Nebenreaktionen auf. Beim reaktionsfähigeren CH3SiH(PH2)2 ist die Isolierung von Cl3Si—PH2 im Gemisch mit SiCl4 und CH3SiHCl—PH2 möglich. Unter den Reaktionsbedingungen (50°C) zerfällt Cl3Si—PH2 in PH3 und Si—P-Polymere. SiBr4 reagiert bereits bei Raumtemperatur. Durch Umsetzung mit CH3SiH(PH2)2 werden je nach Reaktionsdauer CH3SiHBr—PH2, Br3Si—PH2 und auch Br2Si(PH2)2 zugänglich. Auch die Reaktion mit CH3SiH2—PH2 führt zum Br3Si—PH2 neben CH3SiH2Br. Mit FSiBr3 bildet CH3SiH(PH2)2 das FSiBr2—PH2 neben CH3SiHBr—PH2, während bei den F-reicheren Derivaten F2SiBr2 und F3SiBr die Disproportionierung in SiF4 gegenüber der Si—P-Spaltung überwiegt. Es werden die NMR-Daten der Verbindungen angegeben.Cl3Si—PH2 decomposes into PH3 and Si—P-polymers under the reaction conditions (50°C). SiBr4 however will react at room temperature. Depending on the time of reaction CH3SiHBr—PH2, Br3Si—PH2 and even Br2Si(PH2)2 are obtained with CH3SiH(PH2)2. Also the reaction with CH3SiH2—PH2 leads to the formation of Br3Si—PH2 in addition to CH3SiH2Br. With FSiBr3, CH3SiH(PH2)2 forms FSiBr2—PH2 together with CH3SiHBr—PH2. In the reaction of the higher fluorinated derivatives F2SiBr2 and F3SiBr the disproportion into SiF4 is found to be preferred to Si—P cleavage and therefore these reactions can not be adequately used. The nmr data are reported.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744070305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NMR-Untersuchungen an Silylphosphinen. II. Substituenteneinflüsse in Silyl- und Silylmethylphosphinen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 409 (1974), S. 137-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: NMR Studies on Silylphosphines. II. Effects of Substituents in Silyl- and SilylmethylphosphinesThe influence of the substituents [CH3, H, H3Si, (CH3)3Si] on: chemical shifts of protons and phosphorus nuclei: the 29Si-31P coupling constant; and several proton coupling constants in the nmr spectra of 24 silylphosphines of the series (CH3)xH3-x,Si-PH2, (CH3)xH3-xSi-PHCH3, (CH3)xH3-xSi-P(CH3)2, [(CH3)xH3-xSi]2PH, [(CH3)xH3-xSi]2PCH3, [(CH3)xH3-x,Si]3P has been studied. Empirical methods for the calculation of δ31P and J29Si-31P using bond increments are reported.
    Notes: Es wird der Einfluß der Substituenten [CH3, H, H3Si, (CH3)3Si] auf die chemische Verschiebung der Protonen und der Phosphorkerne sowie auf die 29Si-31P-Kopplungskonstante und auf einige Protonenkopplungen in 24 Silylphosphinen der Gruppen (CH3)xH3-x,Si-PH2, (CH3)xH3-xSi-PHCH3, (CH3)xH3-xSi-P(CH3)2, [(CH3)xH3-xSi]2PH, [(CH3)xH3-xSi]2PCH3, [(CH3)xH3-x,Si]3P anhand der NMR-Spektren untersucht. Es werden empirische Verfahren zur Berechnung von δ31 und J29Si-31P aus Bindungsinkrementen mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744090203
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