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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytosolic localization in tomato mesophyll cells of a novel glutamine synthetase induced in response to bacterial infection or phosphinothricin treatment (1998)
    Springer
    Planta 206 (1998), S. 426-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Glutamine synthetase ; Lycopersicon ; Nitrogen remobilization ; Phosphinothricin ; Plant defense ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. In tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves, the predominant glutamine synthetase (GS; EC 6.3.1.2) is chloroplastic (GS2; 45 kDa) whereas the cytosolic isoform (GS1; 39 kDa) is represented as a minor enzyme. Following either infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) or treatment with phosphinothricin (PPT), a GS inhibitor, GS1 accumulated in the leaves. In contrast to healthy control leaves, where GS1 was restricted to the veins, in infected and PPT-treated leaves the GS1 polypeptide was also detected in the leaf blade; moreover, it was more abundant than GS2. Different immunological approaches were therefore used to investigate whether or not the GS1 polypeptide expressed in Pst-infected and PPT-treated tomato leaves was distributed among different tissues and subcellular compartments in the same way as the constitutive GS1 expressed in healthy leaves. By tissue-printing analysis, a similar GS immunostaining was observed in epidermis, mesophyll and phloem of leaflet midrib cross-sections of control, infected and PPT-treated leaves. Immunocytochemical localization revealed that GS protein was present in the chloroplast of mesophyll cells and the cytoplasm of phloem cells in healthy leaves; however, in Pst-infected or PPT-treated leaves, a strong labelling was observed in the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells. Two-dimensional analysis of GS polypeptides showed that, in addition to the constitutive GS1, a GS1 polypeptide different in charge was present in tomato leaflets after microbial infection or herbicide treatment. All these results indicate that a novel cytosolic GS is induced in mesophyll cells of Pst-infected or PPT-treated leaves. A possible role for this new cytosolic GS in the remobilization of leaf nitrogen during infection is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of native rhizobacteria on european alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) growth (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 182 (1996), S. 59-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Alnus glutinosa ; Bacillus ; DRB ; PGPR ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects on plant growth of 27 bacterial strains (7 Pseudomonas and 20 Bacillus) isolated from the rhizosphere of a natural alder stand, were studied. The chosen bacteria were selected from the dominant genera found in that habitat in each season. These bacteria were grown in a complete culture medium, and removed (centrifuged and filtered) prior to testing on nodulated (N) and non-nodulated (NN) alder plants. Tests were made in order to determine their effects on the following biometric parameters: aerial surface (AS), aerial length (AL), number of leaves (NL) and total nitrogen (TN). Among the 20 Bacillus strain tested, three promoted growth; two were B. pumilus strains and one was B. licheniformis. Significant (p〈0.05) increases in all biometric parameters were detected (163% on AS and 182% on AL). All 7 Pseudomonas fluorescens strains had a significant (p〈0.05) negative influence on plants, evidenced by a decrease in the value of different parameters when compared to control values. The obvious effect of the assayed bacterial strains on alder growth drawn from our results should be considered as the starting point for a deeper study of the plant-rhizobacteria interaction, the final aim being to improve production of any forestry species, particularly that of Alnus glutinosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010995
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The infuence of native rhizobacteria on European alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) growth (1996)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 182 (1996), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Bacillus ; DRB ; hydrocyanic acid (HCN) ; indolacetic acid (IAA) ; PGPR ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Metabolite production was investigated in four bacterial strains that promoted (plant growth promoting rhizobacteria -PGPR-, B. licheniformis, isolate B.12 and B. pumilus isolate B.3) or inhibited (deleterious rhizobacteria-DRB-, P. fluorescens bv II, isolates P.9 and P.20) growth of nodulated and non-nodulated Alnus glutinosa seedlings. These strains were isolated and characterized from the rhizosphere of a natural alder population, and their biological effects on plant growth determined on previous studies. Biological assays were performed to confirm the observed effects on aerial length (AL), aerial surface (AS), number of leaves (NL) and total nitrogen (TN). According to the high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) results, PGPR strains produced auxin-like (IAA-1) compounds at levels of 1.736 and 1.790 mg IAA-1 L-1 culture growth medium; however, they did not produce HCN. These compounds are derived from IAA and not from the Trp originated by peptide degradation in culture media. The promoting effect is evidenced when comparing the effects of IAA and the filtered bacterial growth culture medium to control (increases of 64% in aerial surface, 277% in total N content and 32% in aerial length). The deleterious strains produced HCN (1.6 and 2.4 mg kg-1 detected in growth culture medium) and they did not produce IAA-1 compounds. The bacterial culture's-free of bacteria-inhibiting effects were 7% in aerial surface, 240% in total nitrogen content and 15% in aerial length. The results reported here suggest that the interactions that take place in the alder rhizosphere are in a delicate equilibrium. In view of this, the coexistence of PGPR and DRB strains in this environment is unquestionable, and does affect alder health in field conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00010996
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome-encoded inducible copper resistance inPseudomonas strains (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 225-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: copper resistance ; Pseudomonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract NinePseudomonas strains were selected by their high copper tolerance from a population of bacteria isolated from heavy-metal polluted zones. Copper resistance (Cu r ) was inducible by previous exposure of cultures to subinhibitory amounts of copper sulfate. All nine strains possessed large plasmids, but transformation and curing results suggest that Cu r is conferred by chromosomal genes. Plasmid-lessPseudomonas aeruginosa PAO-derived strains showed the same level of Cu r as environmental isolates and their resistance to copper was also inducible. Total DNA from the environmentalPseudomonas, as well as fromP. aeruginosa PAO strains, showed homology to a Cu r P. syringae cop probe at low-stringency conditions but failed to hybridize at high-stringency conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00871819
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