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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric effects in biopolymers: The theory of ionic saturation revisited (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 24 (1985), S. 427-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electrostatic effects are believed to determine the molecular structure and function of macromolecules in many ways. In metallo-based enzymes and in metal-macromolecule interactions in solution, these effects may predominate. In order to tackle metal ion-nucleic acid interactions theoretically, we propose a modification of Debye's distance-dependent dielectric function first proposed more than 50 years ago. This function more closely approximates physical reality at small interatomic separations. Our theory yields a dielectric function that gives reasonable agreement with experimental data in preliminary calculations.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360240302
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a toxicity evaluation program for dental materials and productsThis investigation was supported in part by Research Contract PH 43-68-1315 from the National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland. I. Screening for Irritant Responses (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 4 (1970), S. 583-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A broad dental toxicology screening program has been initiated to develop suitable testing methods for new dental materials or products which presently are not considered as drugs. In the report presented here, 42 materials or products have been included in an acute toxicity screening program for the evaluation of irritancy properties. Depending upon the state of the material or product, one or more testing procedures were employed. These included: (1) implantation in rabbit muscle, (2) a tissue culture test, (3) an intradermal test in rabbits, (4) an eye test in rabbits, and (5) a dermal test in rabbits. With the limited number of materials or products, the most suitable method of testing solids was the implantation method and tissue culture. Tissue culture appeared to be the only useful method for powders while tissue culture and an intradermal test the most suitable method for liquids. Other materials and products will be included using these test procedures to note if one or two might eventually be selected as a preferred method of “irritancy” testing when a large number of materials or products are to be screened for a dental or medical application. The final evaluation of safety for a dental material or product must of course be based upon its intended use.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820040409
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subacute toxicity testing of biomaterials using histopathologic evaluation of rabbit muscle tissueThis investigation was supported by the National Institute of Dental Research, Contract No. PH-43-68-1315. (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 39-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A group of 12 materials was evaluated for tissue compatibility via a sequential histopathologic evaluation of the rabit muscle response to the implanted materials. Tissue samples were obtained daily for 7 days and weekly for 12 weeks to follow the time course of the response. Some cytotoxic samples revealed a rapid and marked response of relatively short duration, whereas others tended to produce a sustained or a long-term, intermittent inflammatory and/or necrotic response. These effects also demonstrated the suitability of 7 days as a satisfactory time period for routine evaluation of rabbit muscle reaction to implanted materials. The histopathologic evaluation of the response was compared with a gross evaluation of the implant site and an independent test of the material by tissue culture (agar-overlay method).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reevaluation of plastic tubings currently used in medical and paramedical applicationsPresented to Np Section, AAAS, New York Meeting, December, 1967. (1969)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 3 (1969), S. 291-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A tissue culture test and a 7 day implantation method in rabbits were used to screen the toxic potential of 50 tubings used in one or more medical or paramedical applications. Results of the tests revealed that approximately 32% of the tubings contained one or more ingredients which, when released to cells or tissue, caused a toxic response. A similar study six years previously showed that 52% of the tubings tested had toxic potential. It is apparent that improvements have been made in the medical tubings (from point of view of safety), but steps must still be taken to reduce the potential risk to levels approaching zero.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820030209
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