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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on poly(alginic acid-g-glycidyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird über eine Methode zur Enzymimmobilisierung durch Pfropfcopolymerisation auf Alginsäure berichtet. Glycidylmethacrylat wurde zusammen mit Methylmethacrylat als vinylierendes Agens verwendet. Für die Untersuchungen wurde das Enzym Trypsin gewählt. Der Einfluß der verschiedenen Parameter wie pH-Optimum, Temperaturoptimum, pH Stabilität, thermische Stabilität, Lagerstabilität und Wiederverwendbarkeit wurde untersucht.
    Notes: A method of enzyme immobilization by graft copolymerization onto alginic acid is reported. Glycidylmethacrylate along with methyl methacrylate was used as a vinylating reagent. The enzyme trypsin has been chosen for our studies. The effects of various parameters such as pH optima, temperature optima, pH stability, thermal stability, storage stability, and re-usability were studied.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490107
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on poly(alginic acid-g-glycidyl methacrylate-co-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 144 (1986), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Um eine Matrix zur Immobilisierung von Enzymen herzustellen, wurden Alginsäure, ein natürlich vorkommendes Polysaccharid, als Rückgrat und Glycidylmethacrylat (GMA) und 2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylat (HEMA) als Monomere für die Pfropfcopolymerisation gewählt. HEMA wurde verwendet, um den hydrophilen Charakter, der durch die Einführung von GMA verlorenginge, zu erhalten. Die Immobilisierung von Trypsin geschieht durch kovalente Bindung an die Matrix. Die optimale Temperatur beträgt für das immobilisierte Enzym 35°C, und es ist bei pH 8 am stabilsten.
    Notes: To synthesize a matrix for the immobilization of enzymes, alginic acid, a naturally occurring polysaccharide has been chosen as the backbone, and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as monomers for graft copolymerization. HEMA was used to introduce hydrophilic character which would have been lost during the introduction of the hydrophobic monomer glycidyl methacrylate into alginic acid. Immobilization of trypsin onto this matrix takes place by covalent bonding. The temperature optimum of the immobilized enzyme was found to be 35°C and it was most stable at pH 8.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1986.051440116
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatic polyamide-imides as materials for membranes. I. Synthesis and characterization (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1935-1941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Diamine amic acids were synthesized by reacting aromatic diamines with pyromellitic dianhydride in dimethylacetamide/dioxane. High molecular weight polyamide-amic acids were prepared by low-temperature solution polymerization of diamine amic acids with isophthaloyl chloride in dimethylacetamide. The cyclodehydration of polyamide-amic acids to the corresponding polyamide-imides was accomplished by heating the cast films at 175°C for 3 h. The polyamide-imides were soluble in polar aprotic solvents like dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and could be cast into tough and flexible films. They were characterized by elemental analyses, inherent viscosities, IR, and 1H-NMR spectra. The glass transition temperatures of polyamide-imides were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal stabilities of the polymers were measured by thermogravimetric analyses in air. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070581102
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical determination of chlorothion (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 1 (1989), S. 559-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electrochemical behavior of the pesticide chlorothion has been studied employing various voltammetric techniques and different supporting electrolytes. These studies covered a pH range from 2.0 to 12.0 in 25% DMF-water mixtures. Adsorption complications were observed by ac polarography. Millicoulometry was employed for the determination of the number of electrons in the reduction process, and kinetic parameters were evaluated. The proposed reduction mechanism was based on the results obtained. Differential pulse polarography was used to develop an analytical method for chlorothion determination in trace levels.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140010614
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voltammetry of germanium telluride (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 2 (1990), S. 337-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The voltammetric behavior of semiconductor grade germanium telluride was studied by ac and differential pulse polarography. The electrochemical behavior and analytical procedures for the simultaneous estimation of germanium and tellurium in germanium telluride are discussed. The kinetic parameters of the electrode process are evaluated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140020413
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical reduction behavior and determination of nicoumalone (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 4 (1992), S. 725-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Nicoumalone ; polarography ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electrochemical reduction behavior of nicoumalone has been studied by using dc polarography, cyclic voltammetry, ac polarography, differential pulse polarography, millicoulometry, and controlled potential electrolysis in universal buffers ranging from pH 2.0 to 12.0 in DMF - water mixtures. Kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient (D) and forward rate constant (kf, ho) values are evaluated and a reduction mechanism is proposed. A simple and rapid differential pulse polarographic method has been developed for the determination of nicoumalone in pharmaceutical formulations using the standard addition method. The detection limit is 2.7 ng mL-1.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140040710
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spin resonance study of γ-irradiated poly(methacrylic acid) (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 32 (1994), S. 1787-1790 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: electron spin resonance (ESR) ; gamma irradiations ; PMMA ; molecular relaxations ; total curve fitting method ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Low temperature relaxations in poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) have been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The observed 8 line ESR spectra of irradiated PMAA in the temperature range 77-300K (LNT-RT) is attributed to the free radicals of the type ∼ CH2—CH—CH3. Assignment of ESR spectra to free radicals has been made on the basis of magnetic parameters employed to simulate ESR spectra at different temperatures. Further, ESR spectra below LNT have been simulated, using the set of parameters employed to simulate the experimental spectrum at LNT. Magnetic parameters of the ESR spectra at LNT and below LNT indicate γ- and δ-relaxations of PMMA chains. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090321011
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Voltammetric studies of nitrofuroxime (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electroanalysis 3 (1991), S. 699-706 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-0397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electrochemical reduction behavior of nitrofuroxime has been studied using do polarography, cyclic voltammetry, ac polarography, differential pulse polarography, millicoulometry, and controlled potential electrolysis in universal buffers of pH values ranging from 2.0 to 12.0 in DMF/water mixtures. Kinetic parameters such as diffusion coefficient and forward rate constant values are evaluated, and a reduction mechanism is proposed. A differential pulse polarography method is developed for the quantitative determination of nitrofuroxime in pharmaceutical formulations. The method of standard additions is used. The relative standard deviation and correlation coefficient are 1.84% and 0.991, respectively.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140030717
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of functionalized phenyl acrylate polymer supports (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 213 (1993), S. 21-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mehrere substituierte Phenylacrylate (4-Nitro- (NPA), 4-Benzoyl- (BPA), 2-Carboxymethyl- (CPA), 4-Formyl- (FPA) und 2,4,6-Trichlorophenylacrylat (TCPA)) wurden mit 4 mol-% Divinylbenzol (DVB) in wäßriger Suspension bei 80°C copolymerisiert. Die erhaltenen Copolymeren wurden mit FT-IR- und hochauflösender 13C-NMR-Festkörper-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Die Teilchengrößenverteilung sowie die durchschnittliche Teilchengröße wurden mit einem Teilchengrößenanalysator bestimmt. Mittels Rasterelektronenmikroskopie wurden Informationen über Größe, Form und Morphologie der Harze erhalten. Die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungsmethoden über die durchschnittliche Teilchengröße wurden miteinander verglichen. Die thermische Stabilität der Harze wurde thermogravimetrisch ermittelt. Mögliche Anwendungen für die hergestellten Copolymeren werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Various substituted phenyl acrylates (4-nitro (NPA), 4-benzoyl (BPA), 2-carbomethoxy (CPA), 2-formyl (FPA) and 2,4,6-trichloro (TCPA) phenyl acrylate) were copolymerized with 4 mol-% DVB in aqueous suspension at 80°C. The resulting copolymers were characterized by means of FT-IR and high resolution solid state 13C NMR spectroscopy. The particle size distribution and average particle size of the typical systems were determined. Scanning electron microscopy provided information about size, shape and morphological features of the resins. The thermal stabilities of the resins were determined by thermogravimetric analysis.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1993.052130104
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of processes during initial stages of oxidation of poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid) films (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 121 (1984), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(acrylnitril-co-acrylsäure)-Filme mit 1,8% Acrylsäureeinheiten im Copolymer wurden isotherm bei verschiedenen Temperaturen eine oder fünf Stunden in Luft oxidiert. Die physiko-chemischen Eigenschaften der oxidierten Filme wurden durch TGA, DSC, IR-Spektroskopie und Viskosimetrie bestimmt.
    Notes: Poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid) films containing 1.8 percent acrylic acid as comonomer units in the copolymer were oxidized in air isothermally at different temperatures for periods of 1 and 5 hours. The physico-chemical properties such as thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectral absorption and intrinsic viscosity were analysed for the oxidized films. The intrinsic viscosity shows that the molecules of the polymer crosslink at temperature as low as 100°C. TGA spectrum shows two regions of steep weight losses in the range of temperatures studied, one is at 275-300°C and the other at 395-485°C. The first region is the formation of ladder polymer with the elimination of NH3, HCN and CO. The second region is due to the formation of aromatic structures with the elimination of HCN, NH3, water vapour and higher hydrocarbons. DSC spectral analysis shows an endothermic effect up to 205°C and exothermic processes from 205-300°C with a peak at 276°C. The exothermic processes continue up to 360°C. The exothermic effect is reduced for the films oxidized at 242 and 275°C. A marked endothermic effect is noticed at 120°C for the films oxidized at 242 and 275°C. This shows that the cyclization accompanying with exothermic effect sufficiently advanced during isothermal treatment leaving less room for rapid cyclization occurring upon further heating. IR spectral data show the negative environment with a shoulder at 2210 cm-1 which is associated with uptake of oxygen during oxidation. Distinct peaks at 810 and 1550-1700 cm-1 are noticed for the oxidized films oxidized at 275°C which are due to the presence of conjugated double bonds of the type C = N—C = N. This type of conjugation is assumed in the ladder polymer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1984.051210104
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