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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (55)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hampered draining of solvent on the translatory and rotatory motion of statistically coiled long-chain molecules in solution. Part I. Translation resistance; Rate of diffusion and sedimentationTranslated by Alexander Silberberg. (1950)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 5 (1950), S. 519-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1950.120050501
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of hampered draining of solvent on the translatory and rotatory motion of statistically coiled long-chain molecules in solution. Part II. Rotatory motion, viscosity, and flow birefringenceTranslated by Alexander Silberberg. (1952)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 9 (1952), S. 1-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In Part I the translational resistance of the random coil was discussed. In the two limiting cases of the freely draining and the completely nondraining coil a theoretical treatment was given, while for intermediate draining conditions an experimental method, involving large-scale models of the molecules, was shown to be available. The same treatment is now extended to deal with the analogous case of the hydrodynamic rotational resistance of the random coil. It is on this characteristic resistance that the intrinsic viscosity and the flow birefringence of solutions of chain molecules principally depend.Expressions are found for the viscosity index [η], the orientation index [ω], and the birefringence index [n], respectively. In these formulas Z is the degree of polymerization while the parameters aη, aη, aη, and brot are independent of Z. These parameters are, however, functions of the length Am of the preferential statistical chain element and the hydrodynamic thickness dh of the chain. an also includes the anisotropy of polarizability of the statistical chain element. It is seen moreover that [ω] (in contrast to [η] and [η]) also depends on the shape resistance of the chain (i.e., on the resistance which the chain inherently offers to a rapid change in configuration).
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1952.120090101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved relationships for diffusion and sedimentation constants and for viscosity and streaming birefringence of solutions of polymers (1954)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 14 (1954), S. 193-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: For the description of the practical properties of a large number of linear polymer molecules as well as for the discussion of the various mean parameters of the individual chain molecule, the model usually employed to represent the molecule consists of N m straight line chain elements of length A m statistically joined to each other (straight element model). For the construction of large-scale wire models of polymer molecules to be used in model experiments on the hydrodynamic behavior of chain molecules, a somewhat different model (circular segment model) was employed in previous papers. In these papers the relationships connecting the parameters which characterize these two models respectively have been determined on the basis of certain assumptions. These assumptions, as has recently been shown, were however partly in error and certain corrections have now to be applied to the numerical constants which appear in previously published formulas for the diffusion and sedimentation constants and for the intrinsic viscosity and streaming birefringence. The formulas, resulting after these corrections have been incorporated, are compiled in the present paper and the effect of these corrections on the interpretation of both new and old experimental results is discussed. It is found that agreement between theory and experiment is improved by the use of the corrected expressions and that in particular certain discrepancies which had previously existed between the lengths A m of the statistical chain element as calculated from sedimentation and diffusion experiments, on the one hand, and viscosity determinations on the other, disappear after these corrections are applied (see Table I).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1954.120147406
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Richtlinien für die nomenklatur auf dem gebiet der makromolekularen stoffe (1960)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 38 (1960), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1960.020380101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Vernetzungskontraktion des Polyvinylalkohol-Cu••-Muskels. Der E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktor der Cu••-VernetzungHerrn Prof. Dr. G. NATTA zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 60 (1963), S. 77-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Filaments of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked by dry heating reach a swelling equilibrium without dissolving in water or in a N/10 acetate buffer solution. The addition of Cu••-ions to the swollen filaments produces an additional crosslinking, associated with an increased E-modulus and a contraction of the filament. Comparison shows that the efficiency per crosslink with respect to the E-modulus increase is about 6 to 8 times smaller in the case of Cu••-crosslinking of swollen polyvinyl alcohol than in the case of non swollen rubber crosslinking. This difference is attributed to the use of a great part of the reagent in case of polyvinyl alcohol for producing network portions with an exceptionally low network filament molecular weight, leaving the high length of other filament parts practically unchanged. In the case of an inhomogeneous filament weight distribution a small value of the E-modulus efficiency factor fE per crosslink can be expected.
    Notes: Fäden aus Polyvinylalkohol wurden zunächst im homogenen Zustande thermisch vernetzt, so daß sie in Wasser bzw. in einem n/10 Na-Acetatpuffer stark quellen, ohne sich zu lösen. Die gequollenen Folien wurden anschließend durch Einwirkung von Cu••-Ionen zusätzlich vernetzt. Es tritt dabei eine Kontraktion der Folien sowie eine Erhöhung des E-Moduls ein. Die durch Einwirkung eines Cu••-Ions herbeigeführte Erhöhung des E-Moduls wird verglichen mit der beispielsweise bei Kautschuk durch die Bildung eines Vernetzungspunktes herbeigeführten E-Modul-Erhöhung, gemessen am homogenen und am anschließend an die Vernetzung gequollenen Kautschuk.Die Wirksamkeit je Vernetzungspunkt ist bei der Cu••-Vernetzung des gequollenen Polyvinylalkohols etwa 6 bis 8 mal kleiner als die Wirksamkeit je Vernetzungspunkt beim homogenen Kautschuk. Das Auftreten eines E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktors fE von der Größe 1/6 bis 1/8 bei der Cu••-Vernetzung des gequollenen Polyvinylalkohols wird in erster Linie dadurch gedeutet, daß beim hoch gequollenen Polyvinylalkoholgel ein großer Teil des Vernetzungsreagenses für die Bildung von Netzwerkteilen mit sehr kleinem Netzbogengewicht verwendet wird. Es entsteht dann an Stelle eines homogenen ein hinsichtlich der Netzbogengewichtsverteilung stark unhomogenes Netzwerk, für welches ein stark unterhalb 1 liegender E-Modul-Wirksamkeitsfaktor modellmäßig zu erwarten ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1963.020600105
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimentelle prüfung der beziehungen zwischen mechanischen konstanten von gelen für dehnung bei konstantem quellungsgrade einerseits, bei konstantem partialdruck des quellungsmittels andererseitsHerrn Prof. Dr. R. SIGNER zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 62 (1963), S. 40-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The YOUNG's modulus E′ and the POISSON number μ′ of a swollen gel sample, stretched in an embedding fluid of constant activity, are different from the YOUNG's modulus E and the POISSON number μ of the same gel sample stretched at constant mass of the swelling agent in the sample. A relation between the four elastic constants derived recently was confirmed by experiment.
    Notes: Zwei verschiedene Bedingungen, unter denen eine gequollene Folie elastisch verformt werden kann, sind: 1. Dehnung bei konstanter Zusammensetzung, insbesondere bei konstantem Gehalt des Gelfadens an Quellungsmittel und 2. Streckung bei konstantem Partialdruck des Quellungsmittels. Die Elastizitätsmodule E, E′ und die POISSONschen Zahlen μ, μ′ für diese beiden Dehnungsbedingungen werden definiert und experimentell festgestellt. Eine quantitative beziehung zwischen diesen vier Größen, die in einer früheren Arbeit hergeleitet worden war, konnte experimentell bestätigt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1963.020620105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Principles of nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy. By P. T: Callaghan, Oxford Science Publications, Corby 1991, E 60.00, 492 pp., hardcover, ISBN 0-19-853944-4 (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 4 (1992), S. 771-771 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19920041122
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur unverträglichkeit von polymergemischen. 2. Trübungsmessungen am system polystyrol/polymethylmethacrylat/benzolHerrn Prof. Dr. J. W. BREITENBACH zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet1. Mitt.: R. Kuhn, H.-J. Cantow und W. Burchard, Angew. Makromolekulare Chem. 2 (1968) 146. (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 2 (1968), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The first visual points of turbidity were determined in the ternary system polystyrene/polymethylmethacrylate/benzene. Mathematical equations are given for the dependence of the turbidity points on molecular weight and concentration. It is possible to extrapolate these equations to solid polymers. If the molecular weight of one of the polymers is known, the compatibility in the solid state of the polymers can be calculated. Test measurements on films show, that the method of extrapolation is a valid approximation.
    Notes: Die ersten visuellen Trübungspunkte im ternären System Polystyrol/Polymethyl-methacrylat/Benzol wurden bestimmt. Die Molekulargewichts- und Konzentrationsabhüngigkeiten dieser Trübungspunkte wurden in mathematische Gleichungen gefaßt. Diese lassen Extrapolation auf den Festzustand der Polymeren zu. Gibt man das Molekulargewicht eines der Polymeren vor, so kann man die Verträglichkeitagrenzen der Polymeren im Festzustand berechnen. Testmessungen an Folien bestätigen die näherungsweise Anwendbarkeit der Extrapolationsmethode.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1968.050020112
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur unverträglichkeit von polymergemischen IV. Lichtstreuungsmessungen an hochmolekularem poly-α-methylstyrol in polymethylmethacrylat/benzolHerrn Professor Dr. W. KERN zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1971)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 18 (1971), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: High molecular weight Poly-α-methylstyrene was investigated by means of light scattering in the isorefractive polymer/solvent mixture Polymethylmethacrylate/benzene. The dependence of the scattering on the concentrations could be interpreted theoretically in terms of the Stockmayer light scattering theory for multicomponent systems.It turns out that Poly-α-methylstyrene is essentially more compatible in Polymethylmethacrylate/benzene compared with polystyrene. This is valid not only in solution but also in the solid state.In agreement with this better compatibility the decrease in the radii of gyration of the poly-α-methylstyrene is less pronounced than that of the radii of the polystyrene if polymethylmethacrylate is added.
    Notes: Ein hochmolekulares Poly-α-methylstyrol wurde im isorefraktiven Polymer-Lösungsmittelgemisch Polymethylmethacrylat/Benzol mittels Lichtstreuung untersucht. Die gemessenen Konzentrationsabhängigkeiten konnten unter Anwendung dez STOCKMAYERschen Lichtstreuungstheorie für Mehrkomponentensysteme interpretiert werden.Der Vergleich mit unseren vorhergehenden Arbeiten zeigt, daß Poly-α-methylstyrol mit Polymethylmethacrylat wesentlich besser verträglich ist als Polystyrol. Dies gilt nicht nur in benzolischer Lösung, sondern auch im Festzustand. Entsprechend der besseren verträglichkeit ist auch der Gang der Trägheitsradien des Poly-α-methylstyrols mit der Polymethylmethacrylat-Konzentration in benzolischer Lösung weniger ausgeprägt als der der Radien des Polystyrols.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1971.050180108
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur unverträglichkeit von polymergemischen V. Lichtstreuungsmessungen an hochmolekularem polystyrol und poly-α-methylstyrol in polybutadien/benzol und polyisoprene/benzolHerrn Professor Dr. W. KERN zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1971)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 18 (1971), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Results are reported on incompatibility measurements of a high molecular weight polystyrene of poly-α-methylstyrene in the isorefractive polymer solvent mixtures polybutadiene/benzene and polyisoprene/benzene respectively by means of the light scattering method. It turns out that polystyrene in cis-1,4-polybutadiene/benzene mixtures is more incompatible as in configurationally non-uniform polybutadiene/benzene mixtures. Furthermore the measurements showed that the incompatibility of polystyrene with cis-1,4-polybutadiene and with cis-1,4-polyisoprene is practically identical.Whereas the degree of incompatibility of polystyrene and poly-α-methylstyrene with polybutadienes in benzene is also nearly the same the incompatibility of polystyrene with cis-1,4-polyisoprene/benzene however is much greater than with poly-α-methylstyrene.An empirical interpretation of these and of former results on other polymer system is discussed.
    Notes: Ein hochmolekulares Polystyrol und ein Poly-α-methylstyrol wurden in den nahezu isorefraktiven Polymer-Lösungsmittelgemischen Polybutadien/Benzol und Polyisoprene/Benzol mittels Lichtstreuung untersucht. Es zeigte sich, daß Polystyrol mit cis-1,4-Polybutadien in benzolischer Lösung weinger verträglich ist als mit konfigurativ uneinheitlichem Polybutadien. Hingegen ist die Verträglichkeit von Polystyrol mit cis-1,4-Polybutadien und cis-1,4-Polyisoprene nehezu gleich.Während die Verträglichkeit des Polystyrols und des Poly-α-methylstyrols mit Polybutadienen fast dieselbe ist, ist Polystyrol mit 1,4-cis-Polyisoprene wesentlich unverträglicher als Poly-α-methylstyrol. Eine empirische Interpreation auf Grund dieser und früherer Ergebnisse mit anderen Polymersystemen wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1971.050180109
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