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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 1337-1343 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 137 (1970), S. 79-86 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Lichtstreuung von Akazien-Catechu-Säure (ACA) in wäßrig-äthanolischen Lösungen (mit 0,02 mol/l. KCl) wurde untersucht. Bis zu 25% Äthanolkonzentration in der Lösung war praktisch keine Wirkung zu erkennen. Bei höheren Alkoholkonzentrationen (bis 50%) beobachtet man eine stetige Zunahme des Molekulargewichts, und bei 55 Vol.-% fällt die Säure aus.Die Wurzel aus dem Quadrat des mittleren Fadenendenabstandes war bei niedrigen Alkoholkonzentrationen konstant (3270 Å), fiel dann bis zu einem Minimum bei 25% Alkohol ab (3052 Å), um dann wieder bis zu einem Grenzwert von 3597 Å bei 50% Äthanol zu steigen.Dieses interessante Verhalten der ACA läßt sich an Hand der Gleichung von FLORY und FOX erklären, wenn man außerdem berücksichtigt, daß die ACA-Moleküle über ihre hydrophoben Gruppen assoziieren können, was durch die Zugabe des Alkohols begünstigt wird; Lösungen mit mehr als 25% Alkohol sind schlechte Lösungsmittel für ACA.
    Notes: The light scattering properties of Acacia Catechuic Acid (ACA) was studied in aqueous mixture of ethanol containing 0.02 mole/l. KCl. There was hardly any effect upto 25% alcohol, above which the molecular weight appeared to increase gradually till 50% alcohol in the mixture and at 55% there was precipitation of the acid.The root mean square end-to-end distance remained almost unaffected at lower concentration and reached a minimum value at about 25% (3052 Å) beyond which there was considerable increase reaching up to a maximum limit of 3597 Å at 50% (as against 3270 Å in water).This interesting behaviour of ACA in the above mentioned system could be explained in the light of the FLORY-FOX equation in conjunction with association of molecules by their hydrophobic groups which was favoured by addition of alcohol. Alcohol, however, at low concentrations did not appear to affect the character of the solvent to a great degree but beyond about 25%, the solvent behaved as a poor one.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 25-31 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: citraconamic acid ; polybiscitraconimide ; BTDA and PMDA incorporation ; acid value ; intrinsic viscosity ; char yield ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Biscitraconimides incorporated with 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) were synthesised. Their curing behavior as well as thermal stabilities were investigated. The intermediate amic acids were prepared by the reaction of 4-amino 4′-citraconamic acid diphenyl sulphone, 4-amino 4′-citraconamic acid diphenyl ether, and 12-amino 1-citraconamic acid dodecane with BTDA and PMDA, respectively. Six amic acids formed were then imidized by cyclocondensation with acetic anhydride. The imide monomers were obtained and these were cured at 225-240°C. The thermal stabilities of the polymers so formed were investigated and compared. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 4 (1993), S. 251-260 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Photosensitive polyimide ; Multichip module ; Optical interconnection ; waveguiding ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The application of photosensitive polyimides in electrical and optical interconnection technology is discussed. Critical properties of two photosensitive polyimide formulations with significantly different structural chemistries have been compared. Polyamic ester based formulations such as Selectilux® HTR3 show significant distortions in the photopatterned features upon high-temperature baking, which can be ascribed to anisotropic shrinkage. A BTDA-alkylated diamine based preimidized formulation (Probimide®), on the other hand, shows a more uniform shrinkage of the photopatterned features. HTR3 films interacts strongly with metals such as copper, which adversely affect the photopatternability of these materials. Planarization behavior in multiple layer structures has also been investigated. We explored the viability of these materials for applications in optical interconnection. Probimide® materials exhibit low scattering losses and appear to be promising candidates for the development of a MCM-compatible optical interconnection technology. We also describe here a novel technique for optical recording of refractive index patterns in Probimide® films.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 769-774 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Association of acacia catechuic acid (ACA) molecules was established in ethanol-water medium2. This association was further tested in pure aqueous medium as well as by using urea in increasing amounts in aqueous solutions. The 5M urea depressed the molecular weight to 2.82 × 106, as against 5.04 × 106 in aqueous solution of NaCl or KCl. This reduction has been explained as due either to rupture of the molecule itself or dissociation of molecules which normally remain associated in water. The diminution of root-mean-square end-to-end distance in urea from 323 mμ in water3 to 290 mμ has also been attributed to the disaggregation of the associated molecules. To test this point further, the effect of increasing the temperature was next studied. The molecular weight was observed to be lower at higher temperature (actual value at 47°C was nearly half the original value at 28°C). This considerable reduction positively points to a dissociation of the molecule which was first suspected in our study with urea. The root-mean-square end-to-end distance also diminished to a certain extent, but not so much as the molecular weight. This has been explained as due to the stretching of the molecule when the solvent behaves as a better solvent at higher temperature.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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