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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on curing characteristics of natural rubber-, nitrile rubber-, and silicone rubber-based filled compounds in the presence of boron compounds (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 221 (1994), S. 11-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß von vier verschiedenen Borverbindungen (Borcarbid, Bornitrid, Boroxid und Dinatriumtetraborat-Decahydrat) auf die Härtungseigenschaften von mit Ruß und/oder Siliziumdioxid gefüllten Naturkautschuk-, Nitrilkautschuk- und Silikonkautschuk-Compounds wurde untersucht. Rheograph-Messungen wurden mit Hilfe des Modells von Coran interpretiert. Die Kinetischen Parameter belegen den Einfluß der Borverbindungen in den verschiedenen Stadien der Härtung. Die Vernetzungsdichte wurde aus Quellungsmessungen ermittelt und mit den entsprechenden Parametern verglichen.
    Notes: The influence of four different boron compounds (boron carbide, boron nitride, boron oxide and disodium tetraborate decahydrate) on the curing characteristics of carbon black- and silica-filled conventional natural rubber-, nitrile rubber-, and silicone rubber-compounds has been studied. The curing parameters have illustrated the individual action. Rheographs have been analysed through the application of CoraN's model. The kinetic parameters have revealed the effects of the boron compounds on different stages of cure. The crosslink density has been assessed from swelling for comparison with the related parameters.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1994.052210102
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of carbon black filler on the autohesion of polybutadiene rubber (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde das Autohäsionsverhalten von Polybutadien-Kautschuk, der mit unterschiedlichen Mengen Ruß gefüllt war, untersucht. Beim unvernetzten Elastomeren nimmt die Haftfestigkeit zunächst linear mit der Wurzel aus der Kontaktzeit zu und zeigt schließlich einen zeitunabhängigen Verlauf. Die Anfangshaftung zur Zeit Null nimmt praktisch linear mit dem Rußgehalt zu, während die Endfestigkeit nur dann wesentlich beeinflußt wird, wenn mehr als 30% Füllstoff verwendet werden. Die Zeitdauer bis zum Erreichen der Endfestigkeit nimmt infolge des Zusatzes geringer Füllstoffmengen erheblich ab.Versuche mit leicht vernetztem Polybutadien haben keine charakteristische Zeitabhängigkeit gezeigt. Die Haftfestigkeit nimmt bis zu einem Zusatz von 30% Ruß stark zu und scheint bei weiterer Füllstoffzugabe wieder geringfügig abzunehmen.
    Notes: A study of the autohesion of polybutadiene rubber filled with different amounts of carbon black has been made. When the elastomer is uncrosslinked, the autohesive strength initially rises linearly with square root of contact time and finally shows a time independent course. The initial autohesion at time zero increases almost linearly with increasing carbon black content, while the ultimate strength is markedly influenced only when the filler content exceeds 30%. The time necessary to achieve ultimate strength decreases significantly when small amounts of filler are added.Experiments with slightly crosslinked polybutadiene did not show a characteristic time dependence. The autohesive strength increases strongly up to 30% carbon black content and seems to decrease again on further addition of filler.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490114
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Si LVV Auger lineshape analysis to study the oxygen chemisorption on TaSi2 thin film (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 841-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Si LVV Auger lineshapes of the single-crystal Si(100) surface and the oxygen chemisorbed and clean TaSi2 surfaces are studied by observing the three Auger transitions that have different final states in the valence band. It is seen from the Si and Ta Auger fingerprints that both Si and Ta form oxides due to chemisorption of oxygen on the silicide surface at room temperature. The variations in the Si LVV fingerprint in silicide and the oxygen-exposed silicide are explained in term of surface effects and the behaviour of the 3s orbital in the bondings involved. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy is used to understand the different shallow-level transitions in Ta and the silicide. The electron impact autoionization spectra for TaSi2 and oxygen-exposed TaSi2 are also presented and analysed, along with the Ta NNN fingerprint to show the oxidation in Ta.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740201007
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate and some other vinyl monomers with the use of chlorine as photoinitiator (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 1531-1539 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low concentrations (0.001-0.03M) of chlorine easily induce photopolymerization of MMA at 40°C. Kinetic data indicate that polymerization follows a radical mechanism involving complexation of monomer by the initiator and initiation takes place through radical generation during photodecomposition of the initiator-monomer complex. Termination appears to take place bimolecularly. The kp2/kt value for MMA polymerization at 40°C was found to be 0.83 × 10-2. Rates of chlorine-initiated photopolymerization were found to decrease in the order MMA, EMA ≫ VA, Sty 〉 MA.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170130705
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of antioxidant action: Transformations of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinoxyl (HTMPO) in polypropylene during processing (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 1573-1578 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidinoxyl (HTMPO) is processed in polypropylene in a closed mixer, almost 50% is converted to other products during the first few minutes whilst the applied torque in the mixer is high. There is associated formation of unsaturation and this fact, in conjunction with the almost complete regeneration of nitroxyl within five minutes, suggests that the corresponding hydroxylamine (HTMPOH), which can be qualitatively identified, is the major transformation product. A study of the UV stability of PP films fabricated from polymer processed for varying times shows that UV stability is related to the quantity of the redox couple (HTMPO + HTMPOH) remaining in the polymer. This is considerably reduced by severe processing. The redox capable has almost no thermal antioxidant (oven aging) activity.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170220705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on replacement of silica by carbon black in the tricomponent dry bonding system of short fiber-rubber composites (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 1911-1917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290540
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on tri-n-butyltin methacrylate (TBTM). IV. Antifouling compositions based on copolymers of tri-n-butyltin methacrylate and methyl methacrylate (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 775-783 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Based on reactivity ratios reported earlier, a number of copolymers of methyl methacrylate and tri-n-butyltin methacrylate has been prepared. Release of tri-n-butyltin oxide into seawater from the copolymer films has been determined at 30°C as a function of time. The copolymers behave in a typical manner - an initial increase in leaching rate followed by a steady state which is reached after about 60 days. Pigmented copolymer films behave in a similar manner, even though the overall leaching rate is slightly lower. Release rate data are also presented for a typical antifouling paint formulation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340228
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epoxy-resin-cured carboxylated nitrile rubber (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4561-4576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Curing of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) with epoxy resin in presence of different fillers has been studied. It was observed that 7.5 phr of resin give a compromise combination of properties in FEF black (N 550)-filled vulcanizates at 40 phr loading. Further studies at different loadings of black, reinforcing silica and clay were done at 7.5 phr resin. Technical properties at different filler loadings have been determined. Polymer-filler interaction involving FEF black, silica, and clay was examined by a Kraus plot and the equation of Lorenz and Parks. Silica and carbon black give a similar type of reinforcement, but clay shows nonreinforcing characteristics. In the case of carbon black-XNBR system, polymer-filler attachment is similar to that existing in carbon black-natural rubber system. In the case of silica, reaction of the silanol group with the epoxide group of the epoxy resin and the carboxyl group of the base polymer may be responsible for the polymer-filler attachment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of the fracture surfaces corroborate the findings on technical properties and polymer-filler interaction.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of antioxidant action: the antioxidant activity of nitrones in polypropylene (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 3267-3281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Aldonitrones are effective melt stabilizers for polypropylene, the most effective being benzaldonitrones containing a partially hindered 4-hydroxy group in the aromatic ring. They form nitroxyl radicals in the polymer during processing, and these and the related hydroxylamines are believed to be involved in a catalytic CB—A/CB—D antioxidant cycle during mechano- and photooxidation. During thermal oxidation (oven aging) they behave as stoichiometric CB-D antioxidants.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300811
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure-property relations of carboxylated nitrile rubber (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 4011-4020 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The technical properties and the network structure of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) having a mixed crosslink system of sulfur and metal carboxylate have been studied. XNBR of different carboxyl contents (Krynac 221, Krynac 110C), yielding different concentrations of ionic crosslinks, have been used for this purpose. The amount of ionic crosslinks was also varied by varying the amount of crosslinking agent (zinc peroxide). It has been observed that ionic crosslinks impart high tensile strength, permanent set, and hardness, while sulfur crosslinks introduce high flex crack resistance, elongation at break, and tear strength in the vulcanizate. Heat buildup and resilience could be explained with the help of stress relaxation experiments. Stress decay is more when the amount of ionic crosslinks is higher. Higher stress relaxation gives higher hysteresis. The kinetics of the crosslinking of a mixed crosslink system has also been studied. At overcure times the amount of ionic crosslinks is greater than that of sulfur crosslinks which desulfurizes in this region. The technical properties could be explained on this basis.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261204
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