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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyanhydride-imides (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 55 (1976), S. 85-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Acht Imid-dicarbonsäuren wurden aus Trimellitsäureanhydrid, Pyromellitsäureanhydrid und verschiedenen aliphatischen Aminocarbonsäuren (HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, n = 1,2,3,5) synthetisiert.Die entsprechenden Copolyimid-anhydride wurden nach den üblichen Methoden in Anwesenheit von Essigsäureanhydrid hergestellt1,2.Die Copolyimide haben eine aliphatisch-aromatische Struktur; ihre Eigenschaften wurden in Abhängigkeit der Struktur untersucht und durch IR-Spektren, Elementaranalyse und viskosimetrische Messungen charakterisiert. Löslichkeit, Hydrolysierbarkeit und Wärmestabilität wurden bestimmt.
    Notes: Eight imide-diacids were synthesized from trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride and aminoacids of the formula HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, with n = 1,2,3,5. From them, polyanhydride-imides were obtained following a general method of formation of polyanhydrides in the presence of acetic anhydride1,2.These co-polyimides have an aliphatic-aromatic structure and the relation between the general properties and the amount of the aliphatic part in the repeat unit was studied. IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and viscosity measurements were used for the characterization. Studies of solubility, hydrolysis resistance and thermal properties were also made.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1976.050550107
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The adsorption of tannic acid on hydrophilic cotton and its effect on the electrokinetic properties of this cellulose fibre in a cationic dye solution (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 38 (1987), S. 96-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Meßergebnisse zur Adsorption von Tannin auf hydrophiler Baumwolle bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen werden vorgestellt. Die Thermodynamik des Adsorptionsgleichgewichtes des Tannins wird untersucht. Mit zunehmender Temperatur nimmt die Menge des adsorbierten Tannins ab. Das Adsorptionsgleichgewicht des Tannins läßt sich durch eine Adsorptionsisotherme nach Freundlich beschreiben. Weiterhin wurde das Strömungspotential des Systems Cellulose/Tannin/Rhodamin-B-Lösung untersucht, und der Einfluß der Beize auf die elektrokinetischen Eigenschaften der mit einem kationischen Farbstoff gefärbten Cellulosefasern wurde analysiert. Das Verhalten des elektrokinetischen Potentials konnte im wesentlichen durch die Bildung von H-Brücken zwischen den phenolischen Hydroxylgruppen des Tannins und den Carboxygruppen der Cellulose sowie durch die elektrostatische Anziehung zwischen dem Farbstoff-Kation und der Faseroberfläche erklärt werden.
    Notes: Data on the adsorption of tannic acid on the hydrophilic cotton at different temperatures are presented. The thermodynamics of the adsorption equilibria of tannic acid is investigated, and it is established that the increase in temperature decreases the amount of tannic acid adsorbed. The adsorption equilibria of tannic acid are described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Also, an experimental investigation on streaming potentials of cellulose/tannic acid/Rhodamine B solutions system is described and the effect of the mordant on the electrokinetic properties of cellulosic fibres dyed with a cationic dye is analyzed. The behaviour of the electrokinetic potential could be explained mainly by the H-bonds formed between the phenolic hydroxy groups of tannic acid and the carboxy groups of cellulose and by the electrostatic attraction between the dye cation and the surface of the fibre.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1987.010380121
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of PVC stabilization with epoxides using dynamic pH determinations (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1777-1785 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The activation energy (Ea) for the dehydrochlorination of PVC and PVC stabilized with an epoxide was determined by a method involving dynamic pH measurements. The Ea increase was 5 kcal/mole between unformulated PVC (Ea = 22.6 kcal/mole) and any of the other formulations (Ea = 27.7-28.6 kcal/mole). On the basis of this and data contained in the literature, research alternatives for the stabilization mechanism are proposed using model compounds.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240801
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of different cross-linking systems on properties of highly saturated nitrile rubber compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 1073-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The peroxide curing of highly saturated nitrile rubber was analyzed. Reactions such as chain scission occurred that account for the drop in physical properties. The results are compared with an alternative cross-linking that is currently being assessed. With a new curing agent the chain-scission reaction was not present and the properties of the compounds were improved. Finally, an estimation of the free volume of the materials tested was attempted by using the WLF equation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540809
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the magnetic behavior of the MA 956 superalloy (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37 (1997), S. 453-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: magnetic behavior ; ferritic superalloy ; alumina coatings ; thermal oxidation treatment ; surgical implants ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: MA 956 superalloy is a ferritic stainless material which develops a fine, dense, and well-adhered α-alumina layer upon heat treatment at elevated temperatures. This unique capability makes MA 956 attractive for surgical implants. In this work, the magnetic behavior of the material before and after thermal oxidation treatment required to develop the alumina layer is investigated. The thermal oxidation treatment yields a microstructure of elongated grains and a significant change in the texture. Despite these strong microstructural differences between the as-received and heat-treated materials, the hysteretic behavior is not greatly affected by them. MA 956 is a soft magnetic material irrespective of the material condition. The coercitive force and residual magnetization of the material are somewhat lower under heat-treated conditions than in the as-received condition. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 453-456, 1997.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Side-chain crystallinity, heat of melting, and thermal transitions in poly[N-(10-n-alkyloxycarbonyl-n-decyl)maleimides] (PEMI) (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 2197-2207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The heat of melting, the melting temperature Tm, and the sub-Tg transition temperature have been studied from -120°C to above Tm in a series of 11 poly[N-(10-n-alkyloxycarbonyl-n-decyl)]-maleimides (PEMI). Side-chains from ethyl to n-docosyl with n even have been included. The contribution to the heat of melting per methylene group shows that the hexagonal paraffin crystal modification is present in these poly(N-maleimides), in agreement with x-ray data for the same compounds. The enthalpy data show that only a part of the outer methylene groups are present in the crystalline aggregates. Furthermore, DSC traces exhibit a typical distribution of crystallite sizes, which become narrower as the side-chains become longer. The critical chain length needed to form a stable nucleus includes nine methylene groups in the outer part of the n-alkyl side-chain. The influence of the side-chain length and crystallinity on the γ-transition temperature of these polymers was also investigated. In the range where these polymers are essentially amorphous the sub-Tg transition temperature decreases continuously as the number of methylene groups in the side-chain increases. This transition is attributed to internal motion within the external side-group without any interaction with the main chain. This is presumably made possibly by the partial rotation of the oxycarbonyl group. We suggest that this transition is similar to the well known γ transition which has been attributed to various segmental motions in all ethylene copolymers and in all homopolymers containing a determined number of—CH2—units in the main-chain or in the side-chain. Estimates based on the chemical structure, yield a value for the γ transition of —CH2—similar to that measured by other methods in polyethylene and related materials.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180181104
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of grid cast structure on the anodic corrosion of lead (1972)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 23 (1972), S. 554-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß der Gußstruktur der Gitter auf die anodische Korrosion des BleisDer Einfluß der Gußstruktur auf das Ausmaß des anodischen Angriffs ist an sechs Legierungen auf Bleibasis untersucht worden. Ein Vergleich der Gewichtsverluste einer Reihe von Platten, die jeweils in zwei deutlich unterschiedenen Gußgefügen untersucht wurden (fein- und grobkörnig) zeigt, daß die Struktur die Korrosion häufig sehr stark beeinflußt. Die Richtung dieses Einflusses ist abhängig von der Art der jeweiligen Legierung. In manchen Fällen ist der Angriff bei grobkörniger Metallstruktur stärker, während in anderen Fällen der gegenteilige Effekt beobachtet wird. Abschließend wird eine theoretische Deutung der wichtigsten beobachteten Tatsachen gegeben. Diese Deutung beruht auf einer Analyse der Möglichkeiten eines selektiven Angriffs des Metalls und der Zerstörung von Gefügeeinheiten.
    Notes: The influence of cast structure on the magnitude of the anodic attack has been studied for six lead base materials.A comparison of the losses of weight of series of grid samples corresponding to the testing of two well differentiated cast structures for each material (a “coarse” structure and a “fine” one) shows that there is often a significant influence of the structure on the corrosion. The direction of the effect depends on the type of alloy tested. In some cases the “coarse” structure motivates a higher attack than the “fine” structure; in other cases, the opposite effect is encountered.Finally, a theoretical justification is given of the principal facts observed. This is chiefly based on an analysis of the possibilities of selective attack of the material and disintegration of structural units.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19720230705
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the Polarization Resistance Method to the Study of Lead Corrosion in Sulphuric Acid (1975)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 758-764 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Anwendung der Polarisationswiderstands-methode zur Untersuchung der Korrosion von Blei in SchwefelsäureDie Geschwindigkeit der Korrosion und ihre zeitliche Entwicklung wurden an Bleilegierungen in konzentrierter heißer Schwefelsäure mittels Polarisationswiderstandsmessungen untersucht. Bei den Legierungen mit Fähigkeit zu Selbstpassivierung und Aufrechterhaltung des passiven Zustandes unter den Versuchsbedingungen ist es möglich. aufgrund der elektrochemischen Meßwerte genaue Angaben über die zu erwartende Korrosion zu machen. Andererseits gibt es spezifische Probleme bei den Bleilegierungen, deren Korrosionspotential alterierend zwischen Aktiv- und Passivzustand wechselt. Trotzdem ist es bei gewissen Modifizierungen der Methode moglich, die Polarisations-widerstandsmessung auch unter diesen Bedingungen einzusetzen, wobei natürlich die Genauigkeit geringer ist als im Falle der Legierungen mit stabiler Passivität. Aufgrund der Versuchsergebnisse definieren die Autoren verschiedene Mechanismen für die Korrosion der Bleilegierungen in Schwefelsäure.
    Notes: The corrosion rates and their evolution with time of lead alloys in hot-concentrated sulphuric acid have been evaluated through polarization resistance measurements. For the case of alloys capable of being self-passivated and of retaining the passive state under the exposure conditions, accurate corrosion rates can be predicted from the electrochemical data. On the other hand, some special problems are associated with the application of the polarization method to lead alloys with exhibit alternating changes of corrosion potential between an active and a passive state. Nevertheless, the method, with some slight modifications, continues to be effective for determining corrosion rates although to a lesser degree of accuracy than with stable alloys. On the basis of the results obtained, the different mechanisms of lead alloy corrosion in sulphuric acid are outlined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19750261003
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Verzunderung von Eisen zwischen 700 und 900 °C in CO/CO2-Gemischen mit kleinen Zusätzen von COS, SO2 und H2S (1970)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 21 (1970), S. 925-934 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Scaling of iron between 700 and 900°C in CO/CO2mixtures with minor additions of COS, SO2 and H2SScaling of iron in CO/CO, mixtures containing less than 1.6% COS, H2S or SO2follows initially a linear kinetic law. The transition from the linear to the parabolic law is displaced toward shorter periods with increasing sulfur contents in the gas and with decreasing temperature. At 800 and 900°C the rate of the reaction between iron and the sul-fur compound in the gas is controlled by the mass transfer in the gas phase. In this conditions the reaction rates with COS and H2S are practically identical, while the reaction with SO2yields al-most double the weight increase because in this case not only sulfur, but also part of the oxygen of SO2 react with iron. At 700°C there is a transition of the control mechanism in CO/CO2C/S mixtures with increasing COS contents, namely from control by mass transfer in the gas phase to control by the phase boundary reaction. Some consequences concerning the heating of steel in technical furnaces are discussed.
    Notes: Eisen verzundert in CO-CO2-Gemischen rnit Gehalten unter 1,6% COS, H2S oder SO2 zu Beginn nach einem linearen Zeitgesetz. Der Übergang vom linearen zum parabolischen Zeitgesetz wird mit steigendem S-Gehalt des Gases und sinkender Temperatur zu kürzeren Zeiten verschoben. Bei 800 und 900°C ist geschwindigkeitsbestimmend für die Reaktion des Eisens mit der S-Verbindung des Gases der Stofftransport in der Gasphase. Unter diesen Bedingungen ist die Geschwindigkeit der Reaktion mit COS und H2S praktisch gleich, wahrend die Reaktion rnit SO2 zu einer fast doppelten Gewichtszunahme fuhrt, weil in diesem Fall nicht nur der Schwefel, sondern auch ein Teil des Sauerstoffs des SO2 mit dcm Eisen reagiert. Bei 700°C erfolgt CO-CO2-COS-Gemischen mit in steigendem COS-Gehalt ein Überganq won geschwindigkeitshemmendem Stoff-transport im Gas zu geschwindigkeitsbestimmender Phasengrenzreaktion. Einige Folgerungen für das Wärmen won Stahl in technischen Öfen werden erörtert.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19700211108
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the instantaneous rate of atmospheric corrosion (1978)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 456-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bestimmung der momentanen Geschwindigkeit der atmosphärischen KorrosionEs wurde versucht, die Anwendbarkeit der Methode von Stern (Polarisationswiderstand) zur Ermittlung der momentanen atmosphärischen Korrosion zu bestimmen. Die bisher ausgeführten Untersuchungen zeigen gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den elektrochemisch ermittelten Daten über den Einfluß verschiedener Korrosionsfaktoren und der tatsächlichen Wirkung dieser Faktoren auf den Angriff von Metallen bei Bewitterung.
    Notes: An attempt has been made to determine the applicability of Stern's (or polarisation resistance) method for obtaining a reliable evaluation of the instantaneous rate of atmospheric corrosion.The tests carried out so far have revealed a good agreement between electrochemically obtained information on the influence of various corrosion factors and their real effect on the attack of metals when exposed to the atmosphere.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19780290705
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