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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 11 (1988), S. 517-521 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Silica, derived from Si(OC2H5)4, was studied on high surface area titania and zirconia powders using ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) with depth profiling. After a large exposure and thermal processing of Si(OC2H5)4, more silicon was detected by AES on TiO2 (Si/(Si + Ti) = 50%) than on ZrO2 (Si/(Si + Zr) = 40%). With ISS, however, the reverse was found; the Si signal was 92% of the total metal on ZrO2 but only 70% on TiO2. Moreover, when the silica-covered oxide surfaces were depth-profiled with Ar+ (2 kV, 4 μA), the fraction of silica, based on ISS, decreased rapidly from 92% to 55% during the initial 100 s for ZrO2 but remained about 70% over the first 150 s for TiO2. The results strongly support a model in which Si(OC2H5)4 decomposes to form a thin film of SiOx which completely covers ZrO2, while on TiO2, particles of SiOx and/or mixed oxide layers form which leave titania exposed. On ZrO2, the estimated thickness of the SiOx film is 0.24 nm.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-11-22
    Description: Fluoride (F) and arsenic (As) are two typical and harmful elements that are found in high concentrations in geothermal water in Tibet. In this work, yak dung, an abundant source of biomass energy in Tibet, was made into biochars (BC1, BC2 and BC3) by pyrolysis under different conditions, and the better biochar was modified by FeCl 2 (Fe-BC3). The adsorption conditions were optimized to adsorb F and As in geothermal water. The results showed that BC3 can remove 90% F – and 20% As(V), which is the best effect of the three initial biochars. Fe-BC3 could remove 94% F – and 99.45% As(V) under the same conditions as BC3, which was an adsorbent dosage 10 g l –1 , pH 5–6 and temperature of 25°C. It was also demonstrated that the removal rate did not decrease at 80°C. A quasi-second-order kinetic model best described the adsorption behaviour of ions on the surface of the biochar. The maximum adsorption capacity of F – and As(V) on Fe-BC3 was 3.928 mg g –1 and 2.926 mg g –1 , respectively. The features of Fe-BC3 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, energy-dispersive spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy to understand the adsorption process.
    Keywords: environmental engineering
    Electronic ISSN: 2054-5703
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Royal Society
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