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  • 1
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    Plants in space (2002)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Virtually all scenarios for the long-term habitation of spacecraft and other extraterrestrial structures involve plants as important parts of the contained environment that would support humans. Recent experiments have identified several effects of spaceflight on plants that will need to be more fully understood before plant-based life support can become a reality. The International Space Station (ISS) is the focus for the newest phase of space-based research, which should solve some of the mysteries of how spaceflight affects plant growth. Research carried out on the ISS and in the proposed terrestrial facility for Advanced Life Support testing will bring the requirements for establishing extraterrestrial plant-based life support systems into clearer focus.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: Current opinion in plant biology (ISSN 1369-5266); Volume 5; 3; 258-63
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Advanced Plant Habitat (APH) (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Advanced Plant Habitat (APH) hardware will be a large growth volume plant habitat, capable of hosting multigenerational studies, in which environmental variables (e.g., temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide level light intensity and spectral quality) can be tracked and controlled in support of whole plant physiological testing and Bio-regenerative Life Support System investigations.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: SP-2015-07-289-KSC , KSC-E-DAA-TN30973 , Space Symposium; Apr 11, 2016 - Apr 14, 2016; Colorado Springs, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Early Prototype Development of the Passive Orbital Nutrient Delivery System (PONDS) (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-30
    Description: Long-duration space missions will eventually require a fresh food supply to supplement crew diets, which means growing crops in space. The Passive Orbital Nutrient Delivery System (PONDS) is a new plant growth approach that contains both an area for a contained substrate and a reservoir for water and/or plant nutrient solutions. Ground studies have shown that the system facilitates both reliable water delivery to seeds for germination (e.g., while avoiding overwatering), and transport of water from the reservoir for improved plant growth while providing nutrients and oxygen to the root zone. In ground prototypes a capillary mat wicking material passively links the water/nutrient solution reservoir to a removable rooting module containing a substrate adapted to support plant growth. Oxygen permeable membranes are incorporated into both the reservoir walls and the rooting modules, bringing in oxygen from outside of the system into the reservoir and then into the rooting modules where the plant roots proliferate. Water is delivered from the reservoir to the substrate contained within the rooting module through the use of wicking material inserted into the plant growth substrate both from the bottom and from the sides of the rooting module. The capillary mat material is intrinsically hydrophilic and continuously wicks water to the substrate throughout the plant growth interval. The system is therefore self-watering in terms of supplying water to the root zone encompassed within the rooting module on demand. At the top, a hydrophilic phenolic foam plug surrounds the wick in the seed insertion zone, and both contains the substrate within the rooting module, and facilitates removal of excess moisture from the capillary mat wick before it can encompass seeds prior to germination. This work is supported by NASAs Space Life and Physical Sciences and Research Applications Division (SLPSRAD).
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: KSC-E-DAA-TN69736 , American Society for Gravitational and Space Research (ASGSR) Meeting; Nov 20, 2019 - Nov 23, 2019; Denver, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Advanced Spacesuit Portable Life Support System Packaging Concept Mock-Up Design & Development (1998)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A concentrated development effort was begun at NASA Johnson Space Center to create an advanced Portable Life Support System (PLSS) packaging concept. Ease of maintenance, technological flexibility, low weight, and minimal volume are targeted in the design of future micro-gravity and planetary PLSS configurations. Three main design concepts emerged from conceptual design techniques and were carried forth into detailed design, then full scale mock-up creation. "Foam", "Motherboard", and "LEGOtm" packaging design concepts are described in detail. Results of the evaluation process targeted maintenance, robustness, mass properties, and flexibility as key aspects to a new PLSS packaging configuration. The various design tools used to evolve concepts into high fidelity mock ups revealed that no single tool was all encompassing, several combinations were complimentary, the devil is in the details, and, despite efforts, many lessons were learned only after working with hardware.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: 99-ES-161 , ICES; Jul 01, 1999; Denver, CO; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Vegetable Production System (Veggie) (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Vegetable Production System (Veggie) was developed by Orbital Technologies Corp. to be a simple, easily stowed, and high growth volume yet low resource facility capable of producing fresh vegetables on the International Space Station (ISS). In addition to growing vegetables in space, Veggie can support a variety of experiments designed to determine how plants respond to microgravity, provide real-time psychological benefits for the crew, and conduct outreach activities. Currently, Veggie provides the largest volume available for plant growth on the ISS.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: SP-2015-11-435-KSC , KSC-E-DAA-TN30929 , Space Symposium; Apr 11, 2016 - Apr 14, 2016; Colorado Springs, CO; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption of polymers at the solution/solid interface, 15.Part 14: Cf. G. J. Howard, M. J. McGrath, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed. 15, 1721 (1977). Styrene-vinylferrocene copolymers (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 1081-1096 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of styrene-vinylferrocene random copolymers is synthesised and characterised. Their adsorption from carbon tetrachloride and from chloroform is measured on to pyrogenic SiO2, TiO2 and Al2O3. The level of adsorption depends on the solvent, the adsorbent and the copolymer composition. From chloroform, very few vinylferrocene units are required to increase adsorption markedly above that of polystyrene, and further compositional change has little effect on the level of adsorption. The compositional dependence of adsorption of the copolymers from carbon tetrachloride is more complex. 1H NMR studies show that a very high proportion of repeating units are held close to the silica surface. With polystyrenes, the fraction of units of restricted mobility decreases with polymer molecular weight and with surface coverage; at partial surface coverage virtually all the phenyl groups of low molecular weight polystyrene (mol. wt. = 4000) are immobilised. The copolymers also show large restricted fractions, which decrease along the adsorption isotherm, but which show no significant dependence on polymer composition. Higher restricted fractions seem to be associated with poorer solvent quality.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1981.021820409
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble polymers as retention aids in a model papermaking system. I. Polyacrylamides (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of polyacrylamides covering a wide molecular weight range were synthesized and employed as retention aids in a model papermaking system of cellulose fibers and titanium dioxide. The ability of the polymer to increase the proportion of added titanium dioxide that is retained in the formed paper sheet is strongly dependent on molecular weight, but not on pH. Adsorption isotherms on both pigment and fibers are strongly molecular weight dependent. Polyacrylamides have no more than a weak flocculating effect on fiber suspensions and stabilize dispersions of titanium dioxide. However, with mixed dispersions of fibers and pigment, in the same ratio (10:1) as in paper formation, strong coflocculation is evidenced by the higher molecular weight polyacrylamides. In this model system pigment retention is a consequence of a heteroflocculation by adsorbed polymer bridging between the particles of titanium dioxide and cellulose fibers, possibly augmented by improved filtration in the forming sheet. Electrostatic effects appear to be unimportant in the system under study.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210101
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interchain electron donor-acceptor complexes. Determination of equilibrium constant and thermodynamic parameters in the solid state (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 935-951 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interpolymeric electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex of donor poly[(N-ethylcarbazol-3-yl)methyl methacrylate] (PHMCM-2) with acceptor poly-(2-[(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)oxy]ethyl methacrylate) (PDNBM-2) presents a single glass transition temperature and a decomplexation endotherm on differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) thermograms. This system is considered a “polymer blend model” which exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Phase separation of this blend is kinetically controlled and positive deviations of the glass transition temperatures from weight average values suggest that it behaves as a thermally reversible crosslinked network. Calorimetric methods to determine the heats of mixing of small molecule complexes in solution were adapted for this solid state blend to estimate the equilibrium constant (Keq) and other thermodynamic parameters. Applying a computer iterative procedure and assuming 1 : 1 stoichiometry, a least-squares fit was found for several different donor molecular weights with three different high molecular weight acceptors. At moderate molecular weights, Keq rises to represent saturation fractions near unity as found in biological systems. Keq decreases for higher molecular weights, possibly due to trapped chain entanglements. These results are supported by a composition-independent, “horizontal line” phase diagram, thus resembling the completely complexed/denaturation process in DNA.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260320
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer yearbook 9, edited by Richard A. Pethrick, Harwood, New York, 1992. price: $290.00 (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2414-2414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310929
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer Characterization Physical Techniques. By D. Cambell and J. R. White, Chapman and Hall, London, 1989, viii, 362 pp., soft cover, £ 19.95.-ISBN 0-412-27170-2 (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 3 (1991), S. 169-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19910030318
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