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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (22)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 187-209 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blends of an acrylonitrile copolymer and a reinforcing polymer were formed by polymerization of the second component in a concentrated solution of the first component. The second component, polyureas or polycarbodiimides, precipitated as an intimate dispersion of particulate domains in the liquid medium. Film or fiber formation by coagulation of the solution containing the second component as particulate matter resulted in a distinct two-phase blend. Reinforcement of the acrylonitrile copolymer was evidenced by significant increases in dry and wet moduli above the glass transition temperature of the polyacrylic component. The blends were characterized with dynamic mechanical testing and optical and electron microscopy. The blends exhibited two glass transitions corresponding to those of the individual components. The phase domains were evident over the compositional range examined. The method of blending is illustrative of effective reinforcement by interpenetration of phases in the absence of compatibility of the components at the macromolecular level.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1681-1689 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A novel method for measuring the permeation of water vapor through polymer films is described. A cellulose detector film incorporating cobalt chloride in a blue anhydrous from is sealed between two pieces of test film in a specially designed cell. The cell is placed in a controlled temperature and humidity cabinet, and the disappearance of the blue color of the cobalt chloride is recorded spectrophotometrically as water vapor diffuses through the test film into the detector film. This simple method of determining water-vapor-transmission rates is more rapid than standard gravimetric procedures because of the highly sensitive detection technique.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of air-borne gaseous impurities, introduced during trituration, on the strength of amalgams.Four experiments were conducted. Each experiment consisted of a control group (1) in which the amalgam was triturated in air and an experimental group (2) in which the amalgam was triturated in argon, an inert gas. Standard specimens yielded mean diametral tensile strengths of 5950 psi (1) and 6603 psi (2). Hand compacted specimens yielded mean diametral tensile strengths of 5829 psi (1) and 6412 psi (2). Standard specimens yielded mean compressive strengths of 46,636 psi (1) and 47,269 psi (2). Specimens compacted hydraulically yielded mean uniaxial tensile strengths of 10,928 psi (1) and 11,660 psi (2).Statistically, the differences between the means for each experiment are significant. Hence, trituration in an inert gas has been shown to be an effective method for increasing the strength of amalgam.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 88 (1980), S. 209-221 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird eine neue, empfindliche Methode für die Messung der Durchdringung und Diffusion von Sauerstoff durch Polymerfilme beschrieben. Ein Ethylcellulosefilm, der 9,10-Dimethylanthrazen (DMA) und Erythrosin enthält, wird für die Absorption von Sauerstoff verwendet, der aus der Luft durch die Polymerfilmprobe dringt. Bei Belichtung wird der Sauerstoff durch das Erythrosin in die Singulettform überführt, die dann mit dem DMA reagiert. Nach einer anfänglichen Reinigungsperiode wird die Durchdringungsgeschwindigkeit vom Sauerstoff unter dem atmosphärischen Druckgefälle durch den Film verfolgt, indem man die Geschwindigkeit des Verschwindens vom DMA spektrophotometrisch bestimmt. Für diese Messungen kann der Ethylcellulosefilm entweder in einer einfachen Zelle dicht zwischen zwei Probefilmstücken eingefügt oder in einem Beutel von Probematerial eingeschlossen sein.
    Notes: A new sensitive method is described for measuring the permeation and diffusion of oxygen through polymer films. For these measurements an ethyl cellulose film containing 9,10-dimethylanthracene (DMA) and erythrosin may be either tightly sealed between two pieces of sample film in a simple cell or sealed in a pouch made from the test material, and is used to absorb oxygen which has passed through the polymer film sample from the air. On illumination this oxygen is converted by the erythrosin to singlet oxygen which then reacts with the DMA. After an initial scavenging period, the rate of permeation of oxygen under the atmospheric pressure gradient across the film is monitored by determining the rate of disappearance of DMA spectrophotometrically.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 651-655 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 95-100 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Effect of pH on the corrosion inhibition of aluminium pigments by styrene-maleic acid copolymersAluminium pigments corrode in a mixture of water and butyl glycol in the ratio 9:1 with the evolution of hydrogen. The aluminium pigment without corrosion inhibitors reacts at pH 10 faster than at pH 8. Styrene-maleic acid copolymers inhibit this corrosion reaction; the corrosion inhibiting effect increases with decreasing acid number of the copolymers. With addition of low-molecular styrene-maleic acid copolymers (relative molar mass ≤ 60000) less hydrogen is evolved at pH 8 than at pH 10; the solubility of aluminium(III) in the corrosion medium is at pH 8 lower than at pH 10. With addition of high-molecular styrene-maleic acid copolymers (relative molar mass ≥ 100000) it is just the other way round: At pH 8 more hydrogen is evolved than at pH 10; the solubility of aluminium(III) in the corrosion medium is at pH 8 higher than at pH 10.
    Notes: Aluminiumpigmente korrodieren in einem Gemisch aus Wasser und Butylglykol im Verhältnis 9:1 unter Wasserstoffentwicklung. Dabei wird das Aluminiumpigment ohne inhibierende Zusätze bei pH 10 schneller als bei pH 8 umgesetzt. Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymere inhibieren diese Korrosionsreaktion, wobei deren korrosionsinhibierende Wirkung mit abnehmender Säurezahl steigt. Bei Zusatz von niedrigmolekularen Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymeren (Molmasse ≤ 60000) wird bei pH 8 weniger Wasserstoff entwickelt als bei pH 10; gleichzeitig ist die Löslichkeit von Aluminium(III) im Korrosionsmedium bei pH 8 kleiner als bei pH 10. Bei Zusatz von hochmolekularen Styrol-Maleinsäure-Copolymeren (Molmasse ≥ 100000) ist es genau umgekehrt: Bei pH 8 wird mehr Wasserstoff entwickelt als bei pH 10; dabei ist die Löslichkeit von Aluminium(III) bei pH 8 größer als bei pH 10.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 57 (1962), S. 589-608 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An investigation of the morphology of crystallization of fractionated linear polyethylene has shown that single crystal platelets may be obtained from dilute xylene solutions only in a limited region of temperature. The variation of this temperature region with molecular weight is greater than would be expected from the theoretical variation in equilibrium melting temperature. Uniformity of the crystallization conditions was sufficient to permit the measurement of size and thickness of the crystals as a function of both time and temperature. It was shown that the change in platelet thickness with temperature cannot be accounted from by the kinetics of nucleation with the assumption that the thickness is essentially equal to the critical nucleus dimension. The crystal growth rate data show that growth occurs by a nucleation process but the data are not compatible with the assumption that nucleation occurs through the formation of a homogeneous monomolecular layer on the growth surface. Evidence is presented to show that crystallization habit is dependent not only on the degree of supercooling but is also a function of some other factor that acts as a resistance or impedance to crystallization.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 62 (1962), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: It has been possible to crystallize polyacrylonitrile from dilute solutions of propylene carbonate in the form of thin platelets. These platelets are ellipsoidal in shape and approximately 100 A. thick. Electron diffraction shows that the platelets are essential single crystals and the polymer axis is nearly perpendicular to the plane of the platelet. Five separate reflections were measured and indexed. The spacings calculated for these reflections agree with previously reported x-ray values obtained from drawn fiber. However, the present electron diffraction data require a different indexing of the reflections resulting in revised unit cell dimensions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 43 (1960), S. 572-574 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 71 (1964), S. 204-206 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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