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  • 1
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    Radiance and Jacobian Intercomparison of Radiative Transfer Models Applied to HIRS and AMSU Channels (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The goals of this study are the evaluation of current fast radiative transfer models (RTMs) and line-by-line (LBL) models. The intercomparison focuses on the modeling of 11 representative sounding channels routinely used at numerical weather prediction centers: 7 HIRS (High-resolution Infrared Sounder) and 4 AMSU (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit) channels. Interest in this topic was evidenced by the participation of 24 scientists from 16 institutions. An ensemble of 42 diverse atmospheres was used and results compiled for 19 infrared models and 10 microwave models, including several LBL RTMs. For the first time, not only radiances, but also Jacobians (of temperature, water vapor and ozone) were compared to various LBL models for many channels. In the infrared, LBL models typically agree to within 0.05-0.15 K (standard deviation) in terms of top-of-the-atmosphere brightness temperature (BT). Individual differences up to 0.5 K still exist, systematic in some channels, and linked to the type of atmosphere in others. The best fast models emulate LBL BTs to within 0.25 K, but no model achieves this desirable level of success for all channels. The ozone modeling is particularly challenging, In the microwave, fast models generally do quite well against the LBL model to which they were tuned. However significant differences were noted among LBL models, Extending the intercomparison to the Jacobians proved very useful in detecting subtle and more obvious modeling errors. In addition, total and single gas optical depths were calculated, which provided additional insight on the nature of differences. Recommendations for future intercomparisons are suggested.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfate and methanesulfonate in the maritime aerosol at Cape Grim, Tasmania (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 4 (1986), S. 173-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Aerosol sulfate ; aerosol methanesulfonate ; marine aerosol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract High-volume aerosol filters, exposed in maritime air masses at Cape Grim since late 1976, were analysed for excess sulfate (not of seasalt origin) and methanesulfonate. The mean concentrations (standard errors) of 2.80(0.59) and 0.176(0.027) nmole/m3 respectively are about half those reported in a recent study of aerosol samples from various locations in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Methanesulfonate concentration varied seasonally by at least an order of magnitude with a summer maximum and winter minimum. No comparable cycle was found for excess sulfate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00053777
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties of high molecular weight acetal resins (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1 (1959), S. 179-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Information is presented on those physical properties where measurement is greatly facilitated by thermal stability greater than previously known in polyoxymethylenes, and properties of a mechanical nature characteristic of high molecular weight polymeric materials. The high molecular weight polyoxymethylenes studied possess the characteristic properties of a semicrystalline material in the high molecular weight range. The melting point, stiffness, and tensile strength of these materials substantially exceed those for linear polyethylene, which suggests that the effective chain interactions are enhanced by ease of close packing of the chains. High density and high crystallinity are in accord with this picture.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070010208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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