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  • GEOPHYSICS  (4)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (4)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 18 (1984), S. 979-989 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Quantifiable frozen-stress photoelastic techniques were used to analyze stresses induced in mandibular models by a conventional free-end saddle removable partial denture. Four quasi-anatomical mandibular models were constructed for processing, together with their respective calibration specimens, through identical time/temperature stress-freezing cycles. After processing and slicing, an unloaded control model demonstrated some low-order fringes adjacent to the coronal third of the abutment tooth roots, but was otherwise stress free. A lower bilateral free-end saddle partial denture was constructed and fitted in turn to each of the remaining three models. Each denture/model combination was then loaded and processed through a stress-freezing cycle. After processing, 6-mm slices were cut from selected regions for analysis for the presence of stresses. Using a polariscope with circular polarized, monochromatic light, values for maximum shear stress were calculated at selected points in the slices taken from the three loaded models. Variations up to 28% of the mean were obtained for the three experimental models as compared with the consistent results for the material fringe values obtained from the calibration specimens. The study pointed out the problems involved in using photoelastic stress analysis on complicated anatomical models. The interpretation of the results from such studies should be approached with caution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Tubings extruded from one batch of polyvinylchloride resin at five temperatures ranging from 110 to 205°C were tested for thrombogenicity in the saphenous vein and aorta of sheep. There was more thrombus in both the vein and aorta on tubings extruded at lower temperatures. The surface areas of renal infarction were smaller when lower temperature tubings were inserted into the aorta. Scanning electron microscopy showed that lower extrusion temperatures caused greater roughness on the tubings. This greater roughness was confirmed by roughness measurements. It is suggested that the association which has been demonstrated between roughness and thrombus formation might be due to the degree of adhesion of the thrombus to the surface rather than to differences in thrombogenicity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 543-551 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Eight acrylic bone cement products were examined according to the methods set out in three published performance standards, viz., Australian Standard 2265 Part 1, 1979, ASTM specification F451-76, and the ISO specification 5833/1, 1979. In addition, chemical analyses were carried out by GC, NMR, and IR spectroscopy as well as refractive index measurement, all to establish the main constituent of the products. All the products compiled to the physical, compositional, and sterility requirements of AS 2265. However, all but one sample failed to comply with the solubility requirements of ASTM F451-76. Also, none of the samples compiled with the doughing time requirements of ISO 5833/1. On further analysis, the results suggest that the water solubility and sorption requirements of ASTM F451-76 are restrictive and that the ISO doughing time test methodology requires modification. Various degrees of noncompliance to the requirement of all three specifications were noted on the labeling and in the information content of product inserts. Two additional clauses on mixing tools and radiopacity have been suggested for incorporation into the above standards.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 736-742 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Einfluß von Temperatur und Gaszusammensetzung auf das Korrosionsverhalten von Siliciumnitrid in sulfidierenden Atmosphären mit niedrigem SauerstoffpotentialÜber das Verhalten der neuen Siliciumnitridkeramiken in reduzierenden Atmosphären (z. B. bei der Kohlevergasung oder in petrochemischen Anlagen) ist wenig bekannt. In solchen Atmosphären mit niedrigem Sauerstoffpotential, die Schwefel enthalten, treten neben dem flüchtigen Siliciummonoxid auch flüchtige Siliciumsulfide auf, wodurch die Korrosion beschleunigt wird. Zur Darstellung dieser Verhältnisse wird eine „Flüchtigkeitskarte“ entwickelt, die die Verhältnisse in solchen Gasen bei 1200 und 1300°C zeigt: dabei sind die Partialdrucke von SiO und SiS (im Gleichgewicht mit Si oder SiO2) in Abhängigkeit von Sauerstoffund Schwefelpartialdrucken aufgetragen. Dabei ergeben sich unterschiedliche Korrosionsbereiche: wenn SiO2 nicht stabil ist und hohe SiS-V Partialdrucke zu erwarten sind, kann die Korrosion katastrophal werden; ist SiO2 stabil, so verhindert die glasartige Schicht zunächst die Verdampfung von SiS, doch wird sie allmählich in SiO umgewandelt, und hohe SiS-Partialdrucke können zu innerer Sulfidierung führen.
    Notizen: Little is known about the behaviour of advanced silicon nitride materials in reducing atmospheres (e.g. in coal gasification or in petrochemical plant). In such atmospheres with low oxygen potential and containing sulphur volatile silicon sulphides are formed in addition to the volatile silicon oxide, so that corrosion would be accelerated. In order to graphically represent these conditions a “volatility map” is presented which shows the conditions in such atmospheres at 1200 and 1300°C; the map shows the partial pressures of SiO and SiS (in equilibrium with Si or SiO2) vs oxygen and sulphur partial pressures. The map shows various corrosion regions: when SiO2 is not stable and high SiS partial pressures are predicted, corrosion may be catastrophic; when SiO2 is stable, the glassy surface layer initially prevents evaporation of SiS which, however, is gradually transformed into SiO, and high SiS partial pressures may result in internal sulphidation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: The Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopic characteristics of two mafic-ultramafic bodies, the Kemperai Massif in the South Ural Mountains and the Voykar-syninsky Massif in the Polar Ural mountains are examined. The data are found to be consistent with the hypothesis that these bodies represent fragments of old oceanic crust. Whole rock samples of pillow basalt, troctolite, gabbros, diabase, and a metasediment give Sm-Nd values which lie on this isochron indicating that the rock units are genetically related and formed 397 My ago. Basic and ultrabasic rocks from Kempersai and Voykar-Syninsky have an initial isotopic composition at time T, epsilon Nd(397 My), of +8.4, indicating derivation for an ancient depleted mantle source. The Sr isotopic data and the correlation with epsilon Nd indicate extensive alteration by seawater which is particularly strong on ultrabasic rocks. The results show that the segments of oceanic crust formed at least 80 My before the collision that produced the Urals.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 72; 4 Ma
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-12
    Beschreibung: Three corals from Vanuatu Islands, whose ages were known from counting annual growth bands, were analyzed by Th-230 age analysis to asses the accuracy of the Th-230 method. The comparison of Th-230 ages with the growth-band ages showed that the Th-230 ages were accurate within an error of + or - 3-5 y. Th-230 dates were then determined for two adjacent emerged heads from Santo Island; the dates were the same, indicating that the heads died at the same time, and consistent with the theory that they were killed by coseismic emergence around 1865 AD. The difference between this data and the data of the only major historically documented earthquake that caused an uplift (1973) suggests a seismic recurrence interval of 108 + or - 4 y for Santo. It is suggested that this approach may be extended back in time and to other localities.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 90; 4; 371-381
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-12
    Beschreibung: The development of mass spectrometric techniques for determination of Th-230 abundance has made it possible to reduce analytical errors in (U-238)-(U-234)-(Th-230) dating of corals even with very small samples. Samples of 6 x 10 to the 8th atoms of Th-230 can be measured to an accuracy of + or - 3 percent (2sigma), and 3 x 10 to the 10th atoms of Th-230 can be measured to an accuracy of + or - 0.2 percent. The time range over which useful age data on corals can be obtained now ranges from about 50 to about 500,000 years. For young corals, this approach may be preferable to C-14 dating. The precision with which the age of a coral can now be determined should make it possible to critically test the Milankovitch hypothesis concerning Pleistocene climate fluctuations. Analyses of a number of corals that grew during the last interglacial period yield ages of 122,000 to 130,000 years. The ages coincide with, or slightly post-date, the summer solar insolation high at 65 deg N latitude which occurred 128,000 years ago. This supports the idea that changes in Pleistocene climate can be the result of variations in the distribution of solar insolation caused by changes in the geometry of the earth's orbit and rotation axis.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 236; 1547-155
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-12
    Beschreibung: A method is presented for the high-precision measurement of the Th-230 abundance in corals by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry using techniques developed by Chen and Wasserburg (1980, 1981) and Chen et al. (1986). It is shown that 6 x 10 to the 8th atoms of Th-230 can be measured to + or - 30 percent (2 sigma) and 2 x 10 to the 10th atoms of Th-230 to + or - 2 percent. The time over which useful age data on corals can be obtained ranges from a few years to about 500 ky, with the uncertainty in age ranging from 5 y for a 180-y-old coral, to 44 y for a 8294-y-old coral, to 1.1 ky for a 123.1-ky-old coral. Ages were determined with high analytical precision for several corals that grew during high sea-level stands about 120 ky ago, supporting the view that the dominant cause of Pleistocene climate change was Milankovitch forcing.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X); 81; 2-3; 175-192
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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