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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (373)
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING  (213)
  • Magnetism  (131)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Piezoelectric ceramic implants: A feasibility studyPortions of this work were presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, Clemson, SC, April 28-May 2, 1979. (1980)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 14 (1980), S. 269-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A piezoelectric ceramic has been investigated as a direct substitute for hard tissues. Barium titanate (BaTiO3) powder was slipcast and fired at 1430°C for 2 hr, then made piezoelectric by polarizing. After 16 and 86 days of implantation in the cortex of the femoral midshafts, the femora with test specimens were sectioned into about 4-cm lengths. Their voltage outputs were measured under cyclic load at 1 Hz. The present results show that the voltage gradient at the implant surface is 0.15 mV/mm for the 16-day implantation with a 445-N (100-lbs.) load. This in turn can give rise to about 0.01 μA current flow in the adjacent area of the 16-day implant. The 86-day implant showed an order of magnitude higher voltage output compared to the 16-day implant with the same magnitude of loads. This is probably due to the “load-transfer” efficiency through the implants, since the voltage output is directly proportional to the actual load transferred to the implant. The more bone implant interface matures, the better the load transfer occurs through the implant, resulting in higher voltage output.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820140308
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Piezoelectric ceramic implants: in vivo resultsPortions of this work were presented at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, Clemson, SC, 28 April-2 May, 1979. (1981)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The suitability of barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramic for direct substitution of hard tissues was evaluated using both electrically stimulated (piezoelectric) and inactive (nonpolarized) test implants. Textured cylindrical specimens, half of them made piezoelectric by polarization in a high electric field, were implanted into the cortex of the midshaft region of the femora of dogs for various periods of time. Interfacial healing and biocompatibility of the implant material were studied using mechanical, microradiographical, and histological techniques. Our results indicate that barium titanate ceramic shows a very high degree of biocompatibility as evidenced by the absence of inflammatory or foreign body reactions at the implant-tissue interface. Furthermore, the material and its surface porosity allowed a high degree of bone ingrowth as evidenced by microradiography and a high degree of interfacial tensile strength. No difference was found between the piezoelectric and the electrically neutral implant-tissue interfaces. Possible reasons for this are discussed. The excellent mechanical properties of barium titanate, its superior biocompatibility, and the ability of bone to form a strong mechanical interfacial bond with it, makes this material a new candidate for further tests for hard tissue replacement.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820150114
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption of hydrogen fluoride on alumina (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 19 (1992), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the smelting of aluminium, HF fumes are produced that are subsequently trapped by absorption onto alumina. The factors that affect the adsorption capacity of alumina have been studied previously and are well established, but the mechanism by which HF adsorbs onto the alumina surface is not well understood.In this study, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the nature of the surface adsorption of HF on alumina. XPS is particularly well suited to the study of this type of gas adsorption process.Laboratory-prepared samples were studied with particular interest in evidence for Al—F bonding, or in fluoride species formed by reaction with —OH or —O. Also of interest was the role of sodium, since it is segregated to the surface of the alumina during calcination.Al—F bonding was observed on only one sample type. An Al—F interaction was identified when the alumina had been predried and dry HF was absorbed. When moisture was present no AlF3 formation was observed. This suggests that under conventional conditions (i.e. moisture present) the adsorption of HF involves a weak interaction, probably hydrogen bonding, with intermediate layers of water. After heating the samples containing weakly bound HF to 500°C, no Al—F interaction was observed. Much of the HF was desorbed at 700°C.An Na-F interaction was observed in all fluoride-adsorbed samples; however, this can only account for a small proportion of the total fluoride adsorbed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740190127
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodegradation of copolymers of methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate at elevated temperatures (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 1425-1435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four methyl methacrylate - methyl acrylate copolymers with molar ratios, MMA/MA, of 112/1, 26/1, 7·7/1, and 2/1 have been photodegraded at 170°C by 2537 Å radiation. The changes which occur in the molecular weight of the copolymers are typical of a random scission process and from these and volatilization data the extent of chain scission during the course of the reaction has been calculated. The pattern of volatile products is the same as that previously obtained in the thermal reaction at 300°C although there are a number of differences in detail. For example, only one in ten of the methyl acrylate units is liberated as monomer compared with one in four in the thermal reaction and the ratio CO2/chain scissions is considerably greater than the strict 1/1 ratio observed in the thermal reaction. Zip lengths are also very much greater in the photo reaction. These minor differences between the two reactions have been accounted for in terms of the mechanism previously presented to account for the thermal reaction, bearing in mind the differences in the temperature (170 and 300°C) at which the two investigations were carried out.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070606
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  • 5
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    Crop identification and area estimation by computer-aided analysis of Landsat data (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This report describes the results of a study involving the use of computer-aided analysis techniques applied to Landsat MSS data for identification and area estimation of winter wheat in Kansas and corn and soybeans in Indiana. Key elements of the approach included use of aerial photography for classifier training, stratification of Landsat data and extension of training statistics to areas without training data, and classification of a systematic sample of pixels from each county. Major results and conclusions are: (1) Landsat data was adequate for accurate identification and area estimation of winter wheat in Kansas, but corn and soybean estimates for Indiana were less accurate; (2) computer-aided analysis techniques can be effectively used to extract crop identification information from Landsat MSS data, and (3) systematic sampling of entire counties made possible by computer classification methods resulted in very precise area estimates at county as well as district and state levels.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Annual Symposium on Machine Processing of Remotely Sensed Data; Jun 21, 1977 - Jun 23, 1977; West Lafayette, IN
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct measurements of the mechanical properties of polymerized and unpolymerized langmuir-blodgett films (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 1289-1300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Mechanical measurements can be made on Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films that have been peeled from their substrates, and are floating on the surface of water, by compressing them between the moving barrier and the Langmuir balance float in a standard monolayer trough. We have used this technique, which utilizes apparatus commonly available where LB films are made, to study multilayers of lead 10,12-tricosadiynoate (a diacetylene carboxylic acid) that were first polymerized and then peeled from the substrate. For comparison we have performed the same measurements on pieces of mylar, on unpolymerized films, and on films of calcium octadecanoate (a saturated chain fatty acid). We found Young's modulus for films of the saturated chain material, the unpolymerized diynoate, and the polymerized films, to be 6 GPa (900 kpsi), 0.5 GPa, and 6 GPa, respectively.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090270608
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  • 7
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    Imaging spectrometer technologies for advanced Earth remote sensing (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A major requirement of multispectral imaging systems for advanced Earth remote sensing is the provision for greater spectral resolution and more versatile spectral band selection. The imaging spectrometer instrument concept provides this versatility by the combination of pushbroom imaging and spectrally dispersing optics using area array detectors in the focal plane. The shuttle imaging spectrometer concept achieves 10- and 20-meter ground instantaneous fields of view with 20-nanometer spectral resolution from Earth Orbit. Onboard processing allows the selection of spectral bands during flight; this, in turn, permits the sensor parameters to be tailored to the experiment objectives. Advances in optical design, infrared detector arrays, and focal plane cooling indicate the feasibility of the instrument concept and support the practicability of a validation flight experiment for the shuttle in the late 1980s.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The Multispectral Imaging Science Working Group, Vol. 3; 8 p
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of reaction conditions on the grafting of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate onto hydrocarbon substrates (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1691-1702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: grafting ; basic functionalization ; free radical polymerization ; methacrylate ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The grafting of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) onto two model hydrocarbons, squalane and n-eicosane, and to linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) has been investigated. The results of the study indicate that a high reaction temperature, 160°C, and a low concentration of monomer, less than 0.3 M, are optimum conditions for the grafting reaction. Reaction products, which consisted of grafted hydrocarbons and poly(DMAEMA), were separated by solvent extraction and vacuum distillation; samples were then analyzed by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. 1H-NMR spectroscopy indicates that grafted squalane contained approximately 6 DMAEMA units per squalane residue. 1H- and 13C-NMR and molecular weight studies strongly suggest that the grafts onto the model hydrocarbons consist of single DMAEMA units. Results of the melt grafting of DMAEMA onto LLDPE show that the grafting efficiency and degree of grafting are substantially lower than were expected from the model system. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320911
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and mechanism of the grafting of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate onto hydrocarbon substrates (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 633-642 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: free radicals ; grafting ; kinetics ; methacrylate ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of grafting a basic monomer, 2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) to hydrocarbon substrates have been investigated. These systems were chosen as models for the grafting of a homopolymerizable monomer to polyolefins such as polyethylene. The reactions with squalane and n-eicosane were initiated by an organic peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl 2,5 dit-butylperoxy)-3-hexyne; grafting yields become significant at high reaction temperatures and low monomer concentrations. In squalane, the order of reaction with respect to monomer increased from about 1.1 for 0.22-0.44M DMAEMA to almost 2 at 0.69M DMAEMA; the order with respect to initiator was 0.56. The overall activation energy in the 130-160°C temperature range was, however, surprisingly low, 42±5 kJ mol-1. When analytical data were used to separate the overall rate into those for grafting and homopolymerization, different kinetic paths were observed for the competing reactions. These results are interpreted in terms of two different mechanisms; intramolecular chain transfer plays an important role in grafting, while depropagation becomes a major factor in homopolymerization at temperatures above 150°C. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330405
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and molecular weights distribution study of neodymium-catalyzed polymerization of 1,3-butadiene (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 1125-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: butadiene ; polymerization ; neodymium ; molecular weight ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The homopolymerization of 1,3-butadiene in a stirred batch reactor with the catalytic system Nd octoate/diethyl-aluminium chloride/triisobutyl-aluminium in n-heptane was studied. The effect of various reaction conditions on especially high conversion and molecular weight is reported. Polymerization is shown to be first order with respect to both monomer and neodymium. Molecular weights are high and broadly distributed. Chain transfer to triisobutylaluminium is the main factor governing molecular weight development. A mechanism of polymerization is presented with the chain transfer process incorporated. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330715
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