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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A DSC study of the polymerization of 2-Vinylpyridine in dimethylformamide (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 131 (1985), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation von 2-Vinylpyridine (2VP) in Dimethylformamid (DMF) mit Azobisisobutyronitril (AIBN) als Initiator wurde mit einem Differential Scanning Kalorimeter studiert. Wenn für die Untersuchungen hinreichende Mengen AIBN verwendet werden und die Werte hinsichtlich der Zersetzungsenthalpie korrigiert werden, können die folgenden Werte erhalten werden:Polymerisationsenthalpie ΔHp,o = -68 ± 4 kJ/mol; Arrhenius-Parameter für die gesamte Reaktion Ea = 90.0 ± 4 kJ/mol and in A = 24 ± 1.0 (A = 2.6 × 1010 dm3/2/mol1/2. s).
    Notes: The polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine (2VP) in dimethylformamide (DMF) with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator was studied with a differential scanning calorimeter. By taking an appropriate amount of AIBN and after correction for its decomposition, the following values could be obtained:Heat of polymerization ΔHp,o = -68 ± 4 kJ/mol; overall Arrhenius activation parameters Ea = 90.0 ± 4 kJ/mol and ln A = 24 ± 1.0 (A = 2.6 × 1010 dm3/2/mol1/2. s).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1985.051310109
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative Kraftstoffe: Chancen und AufgabenVortrag auf dem Jahrestreffen der Verfahrens-Ingenieure, 1. bis 3. Okt. 1980 in Straßburg. (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 53 (1981), S. 82-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Alternative fuels: Possibilities and problems. The world's supply of fossil fuels is limited. The motor vehicle industry is striving to develop substitutes for crude oil and reduce its rate of consumption in the following ways. 1. Reduction of fuel consumption through improvements in the vehicle (weight, aerodynamics), the engine and the transmission as well as engine-transmission management. Future development possibilities along these lines are presented. 2. Utilisation of alternative fuels. The various possible alternative fuels are compared with one another and evaluated. Gaseous fuels (LPG) and liquid fuels (methanol and ethanol) appear promising, since the technical problems which still exist can be solved in the medium-term. Designs are presented both for vehicles operating on pure alcohol and for vehicles using an alcohol-petrol mixture. Preliminary experimental results are reported.
    Notes: Die Verfügbarkeit von fossilen Energie-Trägern ist begrenzt. Die Automobil-Industrie bemüht sich, durch folgende Maßnahmen zur Einsparung und Substitution von Rohöl beizutragen: 1. Verringerung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs durch Optimierung des Fahrzeuges (Gewicht, Aerodynamik), Motor und Getriebe sowie Motor/Getriebe-Management. Es werden hierzu zukünftige Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten vorgestellt. 2. Einsatz von alternativen Kraftstoffen. Es werden die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten des Einsatzes alternativer Kraftstoffe miteinander verglichen und bewertet. Recht aussichtsreich erscheint der Einsatz von gasförmigen (LPG) und flüssigen Kraftstoffen (Methanol und Ethanol), bei denen sich die noch offenen technischen Fragen mittelfristig lösen lassen. Es werden Fahrzeugkonzepte für den Reinalkohol- und Alkoholmischkraftstoff-Betrieb vorgestellt und erste Versuchsergebnisse mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330530203
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning Near-field Magneto-optic Microscopy: Quantitative Measurements of Local Faraday Effects (1997)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 25 (1997), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM, NSOM) ; magneto-optic Faraday effect ; garnet films ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The implementation of a phase-modulating polarization detector into a scanning near-field optical microscope allows the imaging of local magneto-optic effects with spatial resolution. By taking several pictures at the same location with different detector settings, a quantitative evaluation of magneto-optic effects, such as Faraday rotation, becomes possible. Images were taken from thin garnet films using this method.©1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blast Waves in Free Air (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 8 (1983), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Simple equations are given which can be used for calculating the approximate values of peak overpressure and positive phase impulse of blast waves generated by the detonation of military high explosive charges in the free atmosphere. To the practitioner, these equations may be useful in the quick and simple design of protective systems, or in calculating the amount of explosive required to achieve a certain desired effect. Moreover, an outline is given of the derivation of simple equations for the damaging effect of blast waves as a function of distance and charge weight. A useful formula, which had been given by Westine, encompasses the following three main causes of a damaging effect: -peak overpressure, if the blast duration is long as compared to the natural vibration period of the target structure;-pressure impulse, if the blast duration is short as compared to the natural vibration period of the target structure;-product of peak overpressure multiplied by impulse in the intermediate range, i.e., if the duration of the pressure pulse is comparable to the natural vibration period of the target structure.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19830080102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experiments of Initiation of Covered, but Unconfined High Explosive Charges by means of shaped charge jets (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 12 (1987), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments on the initiation of high explosive charges in contact with a barrier or separated from it by a 15 mm air gap or a 2 mm acrylic glass layer have been performed utilising a simultaneous framing and streak camera. With increasing barrier thickness the shaped charge jet is increasingly consumed.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19870120202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fragment Mass Distribution of “Secondary Fragments” (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 16 (1991), S. 21-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An analysis of the secondary fragments emerging from a target plate has shown that their mass distribution fits excellently to a formula established earlier by the author. This applies equally well to the secondary fragments of an explosive-formed fragment from a multi-P warhead, to those from the warhead's structural casing. and even to the fragments from the target plate itself, as well as to the sum of all of these 3 types of fragements. The correlation coefficient for the two constant parameters governing this formula (namely, the scaling factor B and the form factor λ) is always better than 0.99, when an optimum total mass Mo is southt and inserted, and when the first, large fragements are not included in the consideration, which means when one or two measured points are negiected. For secondary fragements, the form factor λ in the mass distribution is close to 1/2 = 0.5, whereas for the natural fragments of HE projectiles it is in the order of 2/3. namely, from 0.6 to 0.8.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19910160106
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consideration to the Mass Distribution of Fragments by natural-fragmentation in combination with preformed fragments (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 1 (1976), S. 20-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The empirical formula for the distribution of fragments from rotationally-symmetric, cylindrical warheads can be extended to the case high explosive shells. The parameters arising from this can be determined by fitting the measured results to the theoretical values. In this work possible methods of performing such a fitting procedure are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19760010106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Orthogonal Synchro-Streak Technique as a Diagnostic Tool, particularly for shaped charge jets (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 11 (1986), S. 170-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The test set-up for recording a shaped charge jet by the orthogonal synchro-streak technique (OSST) is described. By means of an example it is shown how the information on the deviation of the jet elements in X, Y- and in polar co-ordinates as well as that on the length of the jet and on the times of particulation can be extracted from the streak record.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19860110604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discussion of the Experimental Findings from the initiation of covered, but unconfined high explosive charges with shaped charge jets (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 12 (1987), S. 167-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The results of experiments on the initiation of covered, but unconfined high explosive charges with shaped charge jets from Chick and Hatt, which have been diagnosed by the flash X-ray technique, as well as the author's own experiments in which the build-up distances and the run-up times have been recorded by means of a rotating-mirror camera in the framing and streak modes, are analyzed and explained in detail in this paper. Build-up distances and run-up times versus the residual jet velocity, or versus the dynamic pressure, are in fairly good agreement, despite the somewhat different shaped charges and acceptor charges that have been used in the two approaches.The greater initiability of an acceptor charge behind a barrier, but with an air gap between, is attributed less to a precursor shock that desensitizes the high explosive charge which is in contact with a barrier, but rather to the higher velocity of the free shaped charge jet and, particularly, to the area loading on a high explosive charge with an air gap in front.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19870120507
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fragment Generator (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 13 (1988), S. 135-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The design of a fragment generator and the determination of the hit density and of the velocity distribution are described in detail.From the correlation of the fragment hits on the target plate and the X-ray flash radiographs it is possible to ascertain the launch angles in the elevation and azimuth directions and, hence, also to determine the true distances the fragments have traveled from the point of detonation of the high explosive charge to the location where the radiograph was taken. In this manner, a precise determination of the velocities of the individual fragments can be made.In spite of the rather large scatter of the depths of penetration of the cube-shaped fragments in the mild-steel target plate, a correlation can be established between the impact velocity and the depth of penetration.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prep.19880130503
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