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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Korrosionsreaktiorren von elementarem Schwefel mit unlegiertem Stahl in wäßrigen Medien (1984)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 556-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion reactions between elemental sulphur and plain carbon steel in aqueous mediaPlain carbon steels are rather severely attacked by elemental sulphur at room temperature in the presence of aqueous media. The corrosion occurs preferentially at the places where the two solid substances iron and sulphur are in contact with each other and results in shallow pit formation. At the same time the pH is also decreased slightly and small amounts of H2S and sulphate ions are formed. Neutral salts stimulate the corrosion process whereas phosphates inhibit it and the alkaline media such as Na2CO3 and ethylamine with pH 〉 12 prevent it completely. The latter can be made use of for corrosion protection. At high salt concentrations (c 〉 1 mol/l) the corrosion rate, however, decreases with increasing salt concentration. The corrosion rate may increase with increasing flow velocity of the medium, but the corrosion takes place uniformly.The results of electrochemical investigations show that the reduction of sulphur occurs at the corrosion product FeS and is the rate controlling step. No sulphur reduction is observed on platinum electrodes when no FeS is present. It is assumed that the starting reaction to initiate corrosion in the system Fe/S/H2O is a slight disproportionation of S to H2SO4 resulting in the formation of FeS.
    Notes: Unlegierter Stahl wird durch elementaren Schwefel in Gegenwart wäßriger Medien bei Raumtemperatur verhältnismäßig stark angegriffen. Die Korrosion erfolgt bevorzugt an den Berührungsstellen der Feststoffe Fe und S unter Muldenbildung. Gleichzeitig erfolgen eine geringe pH-Absenkung sowie eine geringfügige Bildung von H2S und Sulfat-Ionen. Der Vorgang wird durch Neutralsalze sehr stark stimuliert, durch Phosphate inhibiert und durch alkalische Medien, wie z. B. Na2CO3 und Ethylamin mit pH 〉 12, völlig unterbunden. Dies kann zum Korrosionsschutz genutzt werden. Mit zunehmender Salzkonzentration (c 〉 1 mol/l) nehmen die Abtragungsraten wieder ab. Durch zunehmende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit können die Abtragungsraten zunehmen, wobei aber nur gleichförmiger Flächenangriff auftritt.Elektrochemische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Reduktion des Schwefels am Korrosionsprodukt FeS stattfindet und für die Korrosion geschwindigkeitsbestimmend ist. An Pt-Kathoden wird bei Abwesenheit von FeS keine Schwefelreduktion beobachtet. Als Startreaktion für die Korrosion im System Fe/S/H2O wird eine geringe Disproportionierung des S zu H2SO4 angenommen, wobei FeS entsteht.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19840351204
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Überraschende Legierungseinflüsse bei der Korrosionsanfälligkeit von SauergasförderrohrenVortrag gehalten auf der DECHEMA-Jahrestagung 1984. (1985)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 36 (1985), S. 309-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Unexpected alloying influences in connection with the corrosion susceptibility of sour gas well tubingThe corrosion behavior of low alloy steels in sour gas wells with injection of monoethylamine for sulfur solvent depends considerably on the concentration of certain alloying elements. Strong corrosion acceleration is observed from chromium, silicon and copper. Experimentally it could be shown that Si contents 〉 0.30% increase corrosion significantly at temperatures 〉 110°C already at low velocities and liquids typical of well fluids. Under unfavourable conditions corrosion rates may vary between 1 and 11 mm/a depending on the Si content. The results explain the sometimes erratic corrosion behaviour of single tubings in strongly sour gas wells. As a consequence, for new completion of wells with continuous monoethylamine injection for C75/2 steels only 38Mn6 having silicon ≤ 0.15% and chromium ≤ 0.10% are applied.
    Notes: Das Korrosionsverhalten niedriglegierter Steigrohrstähle in Sauergassonden mit Monoethylamininjektion als Schwefellösemittel für elementaren Schwefel ist stark von der Konzentration bestimmter Legierungsbestandteile abhängig. Deutlich korrosionsbeschleunigenden Einfluß haben Chrom, Silicium und Kupfer. Im Experiment konnte gezeigt werden, daß ein Si-Gehalt 〉 0,30% bei Temperaturen 〉 110 °C bereits bei niedrigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und sondentypischer Flüssigkeitszusammensetzung zu signifikant höheren Korrosionsraten führt. Bei ungünstigen Parametern können die Abtragsraten in Abhängigkeit vom Si-Gehalt zwischen 1 und 11 mm/a liegen. Die Ergebnisse erklären das teilweise erratische Korrosionsverhalten einzelner Steigrohre in stark sauren Sonden. Als Konsequenz dieser Erkenntnisse werden bei Neukomplettierungen von Sauergassonden mit Monoethylamininjektion bei 38Mn6 (C75/2)-Stählen nur noch Qualitäten mit Si-Gehalten ≤0,15% und Cr-Gehalten ≤0,1% verwendet.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19850360702
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polypropylene growth on silica-supported metallocene catalysts: A microscopic study to explain kinetic behavior especially in early polymerization stages (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 48 (1997), S. 392-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The polypropylene growth on metallocene/MAO catalysts supported on a silica carrier has been examined by scanning electron microscopy. The kinetic induction period in early polymerization stages can be explained by the formation of a discrete polymer layer only on the outer surface of the catalyst particle. Differences in the fragmentation process at later stages are pointed out, depending on the supporting procedure of the catalyst system.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1997.010480907
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    58. Entwicklung und Anwendung mathematischer Teilraummodelle für Mischreaktoren der metallurgischen Hochtemperaturtechnik und chemischen Verfahrenstechnik anhand physikalischer und numerischer Untersuchungen (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 1196-1197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330660959
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of DNA structures by laser Raman spectroscopyPart XXIII in the series, “Raman Spectral Studies of Nucleic Acids.” For part XXII in this series, see Thomas, G. J., Jr. & Ferreira, S. A. (1982) J. Raman Spectrosc. 12, 122-124. (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 235-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Oriented fibers drawn from aqueous gels of calf-thymus DNA were maintained at constant relative humidites of 75 and 92% to yield canonical A-DNA and B-DNA structures, respectively. Raman spectra of the two forms of DNA were recorded over the spectral range 300-4000 cm-1. The authenticated DNA fibers were deuterated in hygrostatic cells containing D2O at appropriate relative humidities, and the corresponding spectra of deuterated DNAs were also obtained. The spectra reveal all of the Raman scattering frequencies and intensities characteristic of A- and B-DNA structures in both nondeuterated and deuterated froms, as well as the frequencies and intensities of adsorbed solvent molecules from which the hydration content of DNA fibers can be calculated. Numerous conformation-sensitive vibrational modes of DNA bases and phosphate groups have been identified throughout the 300-1700-cm-1 interval. Evidence has also been obtained for conformation sensitivity of deoxyribosyl CH stretching modes in the 2800-3000-cm-1 region. Raman lines of both the backbone and the bases are proposed as convenient indicators of A- and B-DNA structures. The results are extended to Z-DNA models investigated previously. Some implications of these findings for the determination of DNA or RNA structure from Raman spectra of nucleoproteins and viruses are considered.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360230206
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  • 6
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    The dynamic genome of Hydra (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-03-17
    Description: The freshwater cnidarian Hydra was first described in 1702 and has been the object of study for 300 years. Experimental studies of Hydra between 1736 and 1744 culminated in the discovery of asexual reproduction of an animal by budding, the first description of regeneration in an animal, and successful transplantation of tissue between animals. Today, Hydra is an important model for studies of axial patterning, stem cell biology and regeneration. Here we report the genome of Hydra magnipapillata and compare it to the genomes of the anthozoan Nematostella vectensis and other animals. The Hydra genome has been shaped by bursts of transposable element expansion, horizontal gene transfer, trans-splicing, and simplification of gene structure and gene content that parallel simplification of the Hydra life cycle. We also report the sequence of the genome of a novel bacterium stably associated with H. magnipapillata. Comparisons of the Hydra genome to the genomes of other animals shed light on the evolution of epithelia, contractile tissues, developmentally regulated transcription factors, the Spemann-Mangold organizer, pluripotency genes and the neuromuscular junction.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479502/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479502/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chapman, Jarrod A -- Kirkness, Ewen F -- Simakov, Oleg -- Hampson, Steven E -- Mitros, Therese -- Weinmaier, Thomas -- Rattei, Thomas -- Balasubramanian, Prakash G -- Borman, Jon -- Busam, Dana -- Disbennett, Kathryn -- Pfannkoch, Cynthia -- Sumin, Nadezhda -- Sutton, Granger G -- Viswanathan, Lakshmi Devi -- Walenz, Brian -- Goodstein, David M -- Hellsten, Uffe -- Kawashima, Takeshi -- Prochnik, Simon E -- Putnam, Nicholas H -- Shu, Shengquiang -- Blumberg, Bruce -- Dana, Catherine E -- Gee, Lydia -- Kibler, Dennis F -- Law, Lee -- Lindgens, Dirk -- Martinez, Daniel E -- Peng, Jisong -- Wigge, Philip A -- Bertulat, Bianca -- Guder, Corina -- Nakamura, Yukio -- Ozbek, Suat -- Watanabe, Hiroshi -- Khalturin, Konstantin -- Hemmrich, Georg -- Franke, Andre -- Augustin, Rene -- Fraune, Sebastian -- Hayakawa, Eisuke -- Hayakawa, Shiho -- Hirose, Mamiko -- Hwang, Jung Shan -- Ikeo, Kazuho -- Nishimiya-Fujisawa, Chiemi -- Ogura, Atshushi -- Takahashi, Toshio -- Steinmetz, Patrick R H -- Zhang, Xiaoming -- Aufschnaiter, Roland -- Eder, Marie-Kristin -- Gorny, Anne-Kathrin -- Salvenmoser, Willi -- Heimberg, Alysha M -- Wheeler, Benjamin M -- Peterson, Kevin J -- Bottger, Angelika -- Tischler, Patrick -- Wolf, Alexander -- Gojobori, Takashi -- Remington, Karin A -- Strausberg, Robert L -- Venter, J Craig -- Technau, Ulrich -- Hobmayer, Bert -- Bosch, Thomas C G -- Holstein, Thomas W -- Fujisawa, Toshitaka -- Bode, Hans R -- David, Charles N -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- Steele, Robert E -- P 21108/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- R24 RR015088/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 25;464(7288):592-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08830. Epub 2010 Mar 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20228792" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anthozoa/genetics ; Comamonadaceae/genetics ; DNA Transposable Elements/genetics ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal/genetics ; Genome/*genetics ; Genome, Bacterial/genetics ; Hydra/*genetics/microbiology/ultrastructure ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neuromuscular Junction/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Molecular mechanism of action of microtubule-stabilizing anticancer agents (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-05
    Description: Microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) are efficacious chemotherapeutic drugs widely used for the treatment of cancer. Despite the importance of MSAs for medical applications and basic research, their molecular mechanisms of action on tubulin and microtubules remain elusive. We determined high-resolution crystal structures of alphabeta-tubulin in complex with two unrelated MSAs, zampanolide and epothilone A. Both compounds were bound to the taxane pocket of beta-tubulin and used their respective side chains to induce structuring of the M-loop into a short helix. Because the M-loop establishes lateral tubulin contacts in microtubules, these findings explain how taxane-site MSAs promote microtubule assembly and stability. Further, our results offer fundamental structural insights into the control mechanisms of microtubule dynamics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prota, Andrea E -- Bargsten, Katja -- Zurwerra, Didier -- Field, Jessica J -- Diaz, Jose Fernando -- Altmann, Karl-Heinz -- Steinmetz, Michel O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Feb 1;339(6119):587-90. doi: 10.1126/science.1230582. Epub 2013 Jan 3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23287720" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/*chemistry/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Bridged Compounds/chemistry/pharmacology ; Cattle ; Chickens ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Epothilones/*chemistry/pharmacology ; Macrolides/*chemistry/pharmacology ; Microtubules/*drug effects ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Taxoids/chemistry/pharmacology ; Tubulin/*chemistry ; Tubulin Modulators/*chemistry/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Visual space is compressed in prefrontal cortex before eye movements (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-29
    Description: We experience the visual world through a series of saccadic eye movements, each one shifting our gaze to bring objects of interest to the fovea for further processing. Although such movements lead to frequent and substantial displacements of the retinal image, these displacements go unnoticed. It is widely assumed that a primary mechanism underlying this apparent stability is an anticipatory shifting of visual receptive fields (RFs) from their presaccadic to their postsaccadic locations before movement onset. Evidence of this predictive 'remapping' of RFs has been particularly apparent within brain structures involved in gaze control. However, critically absent among that evidence are detailed measurements of visual RFs before movement onset. Here we show that during saccade preparation, rather than remap, RFs of neurons in a prefrontal gaze control area massively converge towards the saccadic target. We mapped the visual RFs of prefrontal neurons during stable fixation and immediately before the onset of eye movements, using multi-electrode recordings in monkeys. Following movements from an initial fixation point to a target, RFs remained stationary in retinocentric space. However, in the period immediately before movement onset, RFs shifted by as much as 18 degrees of visual angle, and converged towards the target location. This convergence resulted in a threefold increase in the proportion of RFs responding to stimuli near the target region. In addition, like in human observers, the population of prefrontal neurons grossly mislocalized presaccadic stimuli as being closer to the target. Our results show that RF shifts do not predict the retinal displacements due to saccades, but instead reflect the overriding perception of target space during eye movements.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4064801/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4064801/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zirnsak, Marc -- Steinmetz, Nicholas A -- Noudoost, Behrad -- Xu, Kitty Z -- Moore, Tirin -- EY014924/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY014924/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- T32 MH020016/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Mar 27;507(7493):504-7. doi: 10.1038/nature13149.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24670771" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Electrodes ; Fixation, Ocular/physiology ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology/*physiology ; Retina/physiology ; Saccades/*physiology ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Visual Fields/physiology ; Visual Perception/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Independent evolution of striated muscles in cnidarians and bilaterians (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2012-07-06
    Description: Striated muscles are present in bilaterian animals (for example, vertebrates, insects and annelids) and some non-bilaterian eumetazoans (that is, cnidarians and ctenophores). The considerable ultrastructural similarity of striated muscles between these animal groups is thought to reflect a common evolutionary origin. Here we show that a muscle protein core set, including a type II myosin heavy chain (MyHC) motor protein characteristic of striated muscles in vertebrates, was already present in unicellular organisms before the origin of multicellular animals. Furthermore, 'striated muscle' and 'non-muscle' myhc orthologues are expressed differentially in two sponges, compatible with a functional diversification before the origin of true muscles and the subsequent use of striated muscle MyHC in fast-contracting smooth and striated muscle. Cnidarians and ctenophores possess striated muscle myhc orthologues but lack crucial components of bilaterian striated muscles, such as genes that code for titin and the troponin complex, suggesting the convergent evolution of striated muscles. Consistently, jellyfish orthologues of a shared set of bilaterian Z-disc proteins are not associated with striated muscles, but are instead expressed elsewhere or ubiquitously. The independent evolution of eumetazoan striated muscles through the addition of new proteins to a pre-existing, ancestral contractile apparatus may serve as a model for the evolution of complex animal cell types.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398149/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398149/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinmetz, Patrick R H -- Kraus, Johanna E M -- Larroux, Claire -- Hammel, Jorg U -- Amon-Hassenzahl, Annette -- Houliston, Evelyn -- Worheide, Gert -- Nickel, Michael -- Degnan, Bernard M -- Technau, Ulrich -- P 21108/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria -- England -- Nature. 2012 Jul 12;487(7406):231-4. doi: 10.1038/nature11180.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department for Molecular Evolution and Development, Centre for Organismal Systems Biology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22763458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Cnidaria/*anatomy & histology/genetics/metabolism ; Gene Duplication ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Muscle, Striated/metabolism/*physiology ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics/metabolism ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Protection against atherogenesis in mice mediated by human apolipoprotein A-IV (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-08-16
    Description: Apolipoproteins are protein constituents of plasma lipid transport particles. Human apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) was expressed in the liver of C57BL/6 mice and mice deficient in apoE, both of which are prone to atherosclerosis, to investigate whether apoA-IV protects against this disease. In transgenic C57BL/6 mice on an atherogenic diet, the serum concentration of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased by 35 percent, whereas the concentration of endogenous apoA-I decreased by 29 percent, relative to those in transgenic mice on a normal diet. Expression of human apoA-IV in apoE-deficient mice on a normal diet resulted in an even more severe atherogenic lipoprotein profile, without affecting the concentration of HDL cholesterol, than that in nontransgenic apoE-deficient mice. However, transgenic mice of both backgrounds showed a substantial reduction in the size of atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, apoA-IV appears to protect against atherosclerosis by a mechanism that does not involve an increase in HDL cholesterol concentration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duverger, N -- Tremp, G -- Caillaud, J M -- Emmanuel, F -- Castro, G -- Fruchart, J C -- Steinmetz, A -- Denefle, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Aug 16;273(5277):966-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Gencell Division, Atherosclerosis Department, Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, 94403 Vitry sur Seine Cedex, France. G. C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8688083" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apolipoprotein A-I/blood ; Apolipoproteins A/blood/*physiology ; Apolipoproteins E/blood/deficiency ; Arteriosclerosis/*prevention & control ; Cholesterol/blood ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Diet, Atherogenic ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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