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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (9)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchung der beim Schnitzeln von Polymeren sich bildenden RadikaleDie Kurzfassung der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde als Korreferat auf dem Internationalen Symposium für Makromolekulare Chemie 1969 in Budapest vorgetragen. (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 10 (1970), S. 75-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: This is a report on the degree to which free radicals are formed during cutting of high-pressure polyethylene, low-pressure polyethylene, and of poly(vinyl chloride) plasticized to varying degrees. The free radicals were determined by using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl as radical scavenger and by photometric measurements. There is a clear relation between the cut surface and the amount of free radicals formed. We determined by calculation that in some cases cutting of the molecules takes place with an efficiency of 100%. Increasing the plasticizer content in PVC decreases the efficiency exponentially, which we attribute to the higher internal mobility of the polymer chains.
    Notes: Es wurde untersucht, in welchem Ausmaß beim Schnitzeln von Hochdruck- und Niederdruck-Polyäthylen sowie von in unterschiedlichem Maße plastifiziertem Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) freie Radikale entstehen. Die Bestimmung der Radikale erfolgte durch Anwendung von Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl als Radikalfänger und durch photometrische Messung. Es besteht ein eindeutiger Zusammenhang zwischen den genhnittenen Oberflächen und den Radikalmengen. Wir stellten rechnerisch fest, daß bei manchen Proben das Zerschneiden der Moleküle mit einem Messer mit einem 100-proz. Wirkungsgrad stattfindet. Die Erhöhung des Weichmachergehaltes in PVC vermindert den Wirkungsgrad exponentiell, was wir mit der höheren inneren Beweglichkeit und mit deren Folgen erklären.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1970.050100105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchung des einflusses einiger retarder auf die pyrolysegeschwindigkeit von polyäthylenterephthalat mit hilfe der differential-thermischen und thermogravimetrischen analyse (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 80 (1979), S. 161-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The change of the decomposition rate of polyethylenterephthalat-samples with different retardants has been studied using DTA and TGA. The influence of the applied additives on the thermal stability of the polymers has been determined. The influence of flame retardants on the pyrolysis processes taking part in the solid phase has been investigated.
    Notes: Mittels DTA und TGA wurde die Abhängigkeit der Zersetzungsgeschwindigkeit von Polyäthylenterephthalatproben mit verschiedenen Retardern untersucht. Der Einfluß der Zusätze auf die thermische Stabilität der Polymeren wurde bestimmt. Weiterhin wurde der Einfluß der flammhemmenden Zusätze auf die in fester Phase ablaufenden Pyrolyseprozesse ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1979.050800113
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and relaxation properties of PVC-based two-component polymer systems (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 106 (1982), S. 91-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Phasenstruktur von Zweikomponenten-Polymer-Systemen auf PVC-Basis (PVC mit PVCA, PMMA, CPE und PIB) wurde mit Phasenkontrast-Mikroskopie sowie dielektrischer und thermomechanischer Spektroskopie untersucht. Die Größe und Verteilung der Phasen wurden mit den Relaxations-Eigenschaften und der mechanischen Festigkeit verglichen. Es wurde gefunden, daß die Zweikomponenten-Polymer-Mischungen auf PVC-Basis in vier Hauptgruppen eingeteilt werden können: Mikroskopisch homogene, mikroskopisch heterogene, Mischungen mit begrenzter Verträglichkeit und makroskopisch heterogene Systeme.
    Notes: The phase-structure of PVC-based two-component polymer systems (PVC with PVCA, PMMA, CPE and PIB) was studied by phase-contrast microscopy, dielectric and thermomechanical spectroscopy. The size and distribution of the phases were related to the relaxation properties and mechanical strength. It was found that the PVC-based two-component polymer compounds can be characterized into four main groups which are: Microscopically homogeneous, microscopically heterogeneous, compounds with compatibility limit and macroscopically heterogeneous systems.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1982.051060108
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelluntersuchungen zur Wirkungsweise von Oxidationsstabilisatoren für Polyäthylenterephthalat (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 64 (1977), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The behaviour of some stabilizing additives to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PETP) is studied in the model oxidation reaction of isopropylbenzene. On the basis of the course of accumulation curves for cumene hydroperoxide conclusions were drawn for the way of formation and consumption of hydroperoxides in the presence of different types of stabilizers and combinations of stabilizers under investigation.
    Notes: Es wurde das Verhalten einiger stabilisierender Zusätze für Polyäthylenterephthalat (PETP) in der Oxidation von Isopropylbensol als Modellreaktion untersucht. Aus dem Verlauf von Kurven für die Cumolhydroperoxidkonzentration wurden Schlußfolgeungen über die Art der Bildung und des Verbrauchs der Hydropeoxide in Anwesenheit von verschiedenen Stabilisatortypen sowie von Kombinationen aus Stabilisatoren gezogen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1977.050640107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentialthermoanalytische Untersuchungen zur effektivität einiger Stabilisatoren bei Polyäthylenterephthalat (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 64 (1977), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The thermooxidative resistance of poly(ethylene terephthalate), synthesized in the presence of different stabilizers as well as combinations of stabilizers as well as combinations of stabilizers, is studied with the help of the dynamic and isothermal DTA-method. The stabilization coefficients (by the dynamic DTA) and the characteristic induction periods (by the isothermal DTA) are determined. A good correlation is established between the data obtained by both methods.
    Notes: Mit Hilfe der dynamischen und isothermen DTA-Methode wurde die Thermooxidationsbeständigkeit von Polyäthlenterephthalat (PETP), synthetisiert in Anwesenheit verschiendener Stabilisatoren sowie Kombinationen aus Stabilisatoren, untersucht. Es wurden die Werte der Stabilitätskoeffizienten (nach der dynamischen DTA-Methode) und der charakteristischen Induktionsperioden (nach der isothermen DTA) bestimmt. Zwischen den nach beiden Methoden erhaltenen Daten wurde eine gute Korrelation festgestellt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1977.050640106
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die mechanisch-chemische degradation von polymeren bei der verarbeitungstemperatur (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1969), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: There is a number of questions that remains unanswered by the literature regarding mechano-chemical degradation of plastics at the temperatures of processing. The investigations described here were carried out to determine the degree to which different polymers are degraded at the temperatures of processing under the influence of mechanical forces and to determine the relationship between melt viscosity and degree of degradation, as well as to understand the mechanism and the kinetics of degradation.
    Notes: Das Schrifttum bezüglich der bei Verarbeitungstemperaturen auftretenden mechanisch-chemischen Degradation von Kunststoffen gibt auf zahlreiche Fragen keine Antwort. Die hier beschriebenen Untersuchungen dienten zur Feststellung, in welchem Maße verschiedene Polymere bei der Verarbeitungstemperatur unter dem Einfluß mechanischer Kräfte abgebaut werden, welcher Zusammenhang zwischen der Schmelzviskosität und dem Maß der Degradation festzustellen ist und welchen Charakter der Mechanismus und die Kinetik der Degradation aufweisen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1969.050090110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novolak phenol-aldehyde oligomers as components for photoresists. Synthesis and modification (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 42 (1991), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird eine Übersicht über Arbeiten zur Synthese und Modifizierung von Novolak-Phenolaldehyd-Oligomeren als Komponenten für die Herstellung von Photoresists gegeben. Die referierten Arbeiten erfassen den Zeitraum von 1976 bis 1988. Die verwendeten Katalysatoren und die Reaktionsbedingungen bei der Synthese von Novolakoligomeren unter Verwendung verschiedener Phenole werden diskutiert. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Ausgangssubstanzen, den Reaktionsbedingungen und den Molekülmassen der erhaltenen Produkte werden erörtert. Die Möglichkeiten einer Modifizierung der Novolakoligomere mit dem Ziel, ihr Verhalten bei der alkalischen Entwicklung und beim Ätzprozeß zu verbessern, werden beschrieben.
    Notes: The paper presents a review of articles dealing with the synthesis and modification of novolak phenol-aldehyde oligomers as components for the production of photoresists published in the period from 1976 till 1988. The catalysts and the reaction conditions of the synthesis of movolak oligomers using different phenols are discussed. The relationship between the initial components, reaction conditions and molecular weight characteristics of the obtained novolak oligomers is described. The modification of the novolak oligomers in order to improve their behaviour during alkaline development and etching is considered.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1991.010420612
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction of chlorinated polyethylenes and aminesPaper read at the JUPAC, Budapest, in 1969. (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 2763-2769 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The reaction of chlorinated polyethylene and amines, the chemical changes accompanying the heat treatment of the aminated product, and the changes of some practically important properties of the resulting product have been studied. It was found that during amination nitrogen is incorporated in the macromolecules; during the applied heat treatment this nitrogen is eliminated from the polymer and the product becomes practically insoluble. The anticorrosive properties of the resulting product are significantly better than those of chlorinated polyethylene, and this is a very important result from the practical point of view.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070141110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic NMR: A single operational parameter approach for evaluation of lifetime in an uncoupled, equally populated AB system (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 16-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two simple formulae involving only one variable are presented for the simple and rapid estimation of the mean lifetime (τ) of exchange in uncoupled, paripartite AB systems. These formulae are shown to provide τ values comparable to those obtained from total line-shape analysis.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of internal rotation: IVFor Part III, see Ref. 1. - rotational barriers and conformation of phthalic amides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974), S. 20-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rotational barriers about the C—N bond of the N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyldiamides of phthalic, isophthalic and terephthalic acids have been determined by the iterative total line shape NMR method. Some evidence about the conformation of these compounds in solution has also been obtained by infrared and dipole moment studies.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270060107
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