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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2)
  • inhibition  (1)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic determination of anaerobic acetate kinetics using membrane mass spectrometry (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 127-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: membrane mass spectrometer ; kinetic measurements ; anaerobic biofilm ; acetate ; inhibition ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A small, stirred, 14.4-mL tank reactor was designed to serve as a measurement cell for short-term investigation of microbial kinetics. A mass spectrometer membrane probe allowed the measurement of the dissolved gases of hydrogen, methane, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. pH was measured by an electrode and controlled by addition of acid or alkali. The highly sensitive measurement of gases with low solubility allowed rapid measurements at very low conversion. In kinetic experiments, a stepwise increase of substrate concentration (method A) and continuous feed of substrate (method B) were used, allowing quick estimation of substrate kinetics. Acetate conversion in mixed culture biofilms from a fluidized bed reactor was investigated. Substrate inhibition was found to be negligible in the concentration range studied. Experiments at various pH values showed that the undissociated acid form was the kinetic determinant. Kinetic parameters for Haldane kinetics of protons were KSH = 1.3 × 10-5 mol m-3 and KIH = 8.1 × 10-3 mol m-3. With free acid (HAc) as the rate determining species, the kinetic parameters for method A were KSHAc = 0.005 mol m-3 and KIHAc = 100 mol m-3 and for method B were KSHAc = 0.2 mol m-3 and KIHAc = 50 mol m-3. The maximum biomass activity occurred at around pH 6.5. Acetate was exclusively converted to methane and CO2 at pH 〉 6. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 127-135, 1998.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of diblock and homopolymer impurities on the morphology of triblock polymers (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 2079-2089 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Commercial triblock polymers (Kratons) consisting of polystyrene and a polydiene were characterized via gel permeation chromatography and small-angle x-ray scattering in order to determine the amount of free polystyrene and diblock material and to clarify the effect of these polymeric impurities on the morphology of solvent-cast samples. Gel permeation chromatography measurements revealed the Kratons to consist of 80-85% triblock, 15-20% diblock, and trace amounts of free polystyrene. Pure triblocks, impurity-doped pure triblocks, the Kratons, and a postpolymerically degraded Kraton were examined with regard to the effect of polymeric impurities on morphology. Small amounts (〈5%) of free polystyrene induce a regularization of the glassy domains, while increased amounts of this homopolymer apparently lead to diffuse phase boundaries. The presence of diblock polymer results in a loss of macrolattice details, indicating the presence of less ordered and more diffuse glassy domains.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160819
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical and optical properties of the transition metal iron in ZnTe and CdTe (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 3 (1994), S. 223-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: CdTe ; ZnTe ; Impurities ; Spin resonance ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: We present results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical spectroscopy on different charge states of the transition metal impurity iron in ZnTe and CdTe. We identify the energy level position of the Fe+ acceptor in ZnTe at Ev + 1.7eV and estimate its position in CdTe. Ionisation transitions from Fe+to the conduction and valence bands ar found in both absorption spectroscopy and photo-EPR. Optical intra-defect tracsitions from Fe+ to crystalfield-split excited states ar resolved for the first time. This assignment to Fe2+ is based on optically detected EPR. Application of both far-infrared Fourier transform and EPR spectroscopy allows the determination of the total iron concentration in all charge states.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860030132
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