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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (244)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (40)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (8)
  • SPACE SCIENCES
  • Humans
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1955-1959  (292)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neue Untersuchungen über die Adsorption von Wasserstoff bei der Auflösung von EisenVorgetragen am 5. 6. 1958 auf dem II. Kongreß der Europäischen Föderation für Korrosion in Frankfurt/M. (1959)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: New Investigations into Hydrogen Adsorption and Dissolved IronThe solution processes of iron in n HCl were investigated and a correlation was found between the quantity of hydrogen absorbed in the iron and the rate at which the metal dissolved. A dynamical saturation equilibrium was established in the interior of the metal. From this the significance of partial reactions can be derived and the action of inhibitors explained.
    Notes: Es wurden die Auflösungsvorgänge von Eisen in In-HCL untersucht und ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Menge des vom Eisen aufgenommenen Wasserstoffs und der Auflösungsgeschwindigkeit des Metalls gefunden. Es stellt sich dabei ein dynamisches Sättigungsgleichgewicht im Innern des Metalls ein. Daraus läßt sich die Bedeutung der Teil-Reaktionen ableiten und das Eingreifen von Inhibitoren erklären.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19590100206
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adsorption of water vapor by unsupported organic films (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2 (1959), S. 241-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Eight organic coating films were removed from their metal substrates by two very different methods and were examined by means of water vapor adsorption isotherms. The data obtained in this study reveal the rates of adsorption, the relative pressure required to form a monolayer, the number of active sites for water vapor adsorption, and the parameters in the classical BET isotherm equation. Removal of the films by electrolysis in an alkaline bath and by amalgamation of the tin plate produced films of considerably different structure. Since the electrolysis procedure subjects the film to mechanical and possibly chemical alterations, it is proposed that the increase in water vapor adsorption by the former type of films is the result of decreased crystallinity. Consequently, the films removed by amalgamation are considered to be more similar in total structure to the original films.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070020520
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New thermal antioxidants for polyethylene containing carbon black (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1 (1959), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Common secondary aromatic amine and alkylated phenolic antioxidants lose much of their activity in polyethylene containing carbon black. In contrast their thioether derivatives provide more protection against oxidation than the sum of the separate contributions of carbon black and the sulfur compounds. Organic disulfides and some thio-ethers without amino or phenolic hydrogen also safeguard polyethylene from oxidation but only in the presence of carbon black. Likewise thiols are excellent protectants in combination with carbon black but not in clear polymer. Aliphatic thiols, disulfides, and their polymeric derivatives and related selenium compounds exhibit similar activity.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070010108
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the dynamic properties of natural rubber and GR-SThe work discussed herein was performed as part of the research project sponsored by the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Office of Synthetic Rugber, in connection with the Government Synthetic Rubber Program. (1955)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 18 (1955), S. 245-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic moduli and loss factors have been determined for high molecular samples of GR-S and natural rubber. Comparison of the two sets of data shows that the general characteristics of the two materials are quite similar. The main differences are that GR-S shows a higher temperature for the apparent second order transition, and also a higher value for the modulus in the relatively level portion of the highly elastic region. The usual superposition procedures are used for correlating the data. Several indications that the equivalence of frequency and temperature may not be of universal applicability are noted. It is suggested that the higher elastic plateau modulus of GR-S my, in conjunction with usual levels of vulcanization, lead to a modulus dispersiion with its attendant loss and thus be a contributing factor to the lower resilience and higher heat development characteristic of GR-S.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1955.120188808
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A viscosity study of polyelectrolytes in the presence of added salts (1955)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 18 (1955), S. 479-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of various added simple electrolytes upon the solution viscosity of polymethacrylic acid and hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile was studied. The viscosity behavior of these polymers in water and in the presence of added NaCl was typical of that of polyelectrolytes. The addition of multivalent anions (sulfate, diacid phosphate, oxalate, and succinate) to solutions of polymethacrylic acid decreasesd the viscosity at low added salt concentrations, but a reversal in the reduced viscosity-concentration curve was obtained as the ionic strength was increased. This increase in viscosity can be partly explained on the basis of increased ionization originating from the behavior of the added multivalent anions. However, this is not the complete explanation since the relative efficiency of these anions in increasing the viscosity is not consistent with the values of the dissociation constants. A possible alternative explanation involves the formation of associated complexes of the polyions. It is further demonstrated that the limiting intrinsic viscosities at infinite ionic strength is dependent upon the initial polymer charge.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1955.120189004
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incorporation of aroyloxy radicals in polymer molecules (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 19 (1956), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Initiation of the bulk polymerization of samples of 2-vinylpyridine with N-nitroso-N-phenyl-m-bromobenzamide and N-nitroso-p-bromoacetanilide gave polymers containing 0.06% and 0.52% bromine, respectively. Therefore, the aroyloxy radical is only about one-eight as reactive as the aryl radical for incorporation in a polymer molecule. This is a rough comparison, for there is no data upon which to base an estimate of the influence of the halogen substituent upon the reactivity of the parent free radicals. The purification of the polymers included an ether extraction of an acid solution of the substances to insure removal of all initiator fragments not attached to the polymer molecules. The presence of aroyloxy radicals in the polymers does not give assurance, however, that they were introduced in the step of chain initiation or even in the original polymerization process. For example, treatment of polystyrene with p-chlorobenzoyl peroxide was found to introduce 0.60% chlorine which through saponification proved to be a minimum of 96% chlorobenzoyloxy groups. Therefore, it seems highly probable that, when nitrosoamides are used as catalysts, aryl radicals may serve exclusively as chain initiators while a much smaller quantity of aroyloxy groups are incorporated by other mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1956.120199109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and structure of linear polymers from di-isopropenylbenzenes (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 28 (1958), S. 629-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1202811816
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crosslink density in polybutadienePresented before the Division of Rubber Chemistry at the 130th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, N. J., September 19, 1956. A portion of this work was supported by the Office of Synthetic Rubber, Reconstruction Finance Corporation. (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 27 (1958), S. 115-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crosslink density in polybutadiene has been determined by measurement of the polymer molecular weight by osmometry and the primary chain molecular weight by modifier analysis involving radioactive materials. Since the number of polymer molecules is equal to the number of primary chains less the number of crosslinkages, the experimental measurements may be used to calculated the crosslink density. This method can be used to determine crosslink density at a combination of conversions, modifier loadings, and polymerization temperatures which could not be done by other methods. Branching and cyclic structure forming crosslinks are not measured by this method, the principal assumption of which is that one and only one modifier fragment is attached to each primary chain. Initiation and termination processes tend to reduce the validity of this assumption, but these have been minimized by reduction of the amounts of initiator and found insignificant by comparison of different systems. Modifiers which react with polymer in nonterminal positions also reduce the validity so that primary dodecyl mercaptan was not satisfactory as a modifier in this work, while tertiary alkyl mercaptans were. Also, diisopropyl xanthogen disulfide was not satisfactory because of secondary reactions. The crosslink density of polybutadiene prepared in emulsion decreases with decreasing polymerization temperature. At a given molecular weight, the crosslink density does not appear to be a function of conversion within the range studied. At a given polymerization temperature, increasing polymer number average molecular weight was accompanied by increasing crosslink density although the rate of such increase was smaller at subfreezing polymerization temperatures. These results agree with kinetic theory of crosslinking in emulsion polymerization, but actual values are higher than those obtained in comparable systems by the gel point method.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1202711509
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Le comportement diélectrique des polymères en solutions diluées (1957)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 23 (1957), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Dielectric properties and loss factors have been measured for dilute solutions of polyvinyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran and mixtures of this solvent with heptane, for solutions of polymethyl methacrylate in benzene and toluene, and for solutions of polyvinyl acetate in toluene. Concentrations varied from 0.5 to 8 g./100 ml. Frequencies ranged from 0.01 to 35 megacycles/sec., and temperatures from -35° to +25°C.Only one sample of polyvinyl chloride was used (DP = 1,750), but six fractions of methyl polymethacrylate (DP = 240 - 12,500) and four of polyvinyl acetate (DP = 2,550-23,250). Numerical values for the three polymers were rather similar. The root mean square dipole moments were proportional to the square root of DP. Relaxation times were practically independent of DP.
    Notes: Les propriétés diélectriques et les facteurs de perte ont été mesurés pour des solutions diluées de chlorure de polyvinyle dans le tétrahydrofurane et des mélanges de ce solvant avec l'heptane, pour des solutions de polyméthacrylate de méthyle dans le benzène et le toluène, et pour des solutions d'acétate de polyvinyle dans le toluène. Les concentrations variaient de 0.5 à 8 g./100 ml. Les fréquences allaient de 0.01 à 35 mégacycles/sec. et les température de -35° à +25°C. Un seul échantillon de chlorure de polyvinyle a été utilisé (DP = 1750); par contre quatre fractions de polyméthacrylate de méthyle (DP = 240-12.500) et quatre d'acétate de polyvinyle (DP = 2.550-23.250) ont été utilisées. Les valeurs numériques des trois polymères étaient plutǒt similaires. Les moments dipolaires moyens étaient proportionnels à la carrée du DP. Les temps de rélaxation étaient pratiquement indépendants du DP.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1957.1202310322
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight relations of poly(ethylene oxide) (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 32 (1958), S. 517-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1203212522
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