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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 11 (1967), S. 673-685 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A model nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization is described. A series of compounds consisting mainly of organocarboxylic acid salts is evaluated as heterogeneous nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization by measuring their effect upon the polymer supercooling. Sodium benzoate and basic aluminium dibenzoate were among the best nucleating agents found. The nucleating abilities of the various compounds are discussed in terms of their structural features.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of cooling, nucleation, and spherulitic growth rates on the properties of polypropylene is discussed briefly. A differential thermal analysis technique is described for evaluating the relative extent of heterogeneous nucleation that occurs in a particular polypropylene composition. The method is based upon a nucleating agent's ability to reduce the relatively large amount of supercooling that occurs upon crystallization of polypropylene. Compounds are shown to vary widely in their effectiveness as heterogeneous nucleating agents in polypropylene. The relationships between the degree of supercooling of a particular polypropylene composition and its relative clarity, tensile properties, density, and morphology are shown.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 2 (1968), S. 51-63 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: With the aid of an electrochemical initiated reaction of pure acrylonitrile in the presence of 0,1-1% water and of small concentrations of quaternary ammonium salts, an oligomeric, yellow, in acetone soluble compound was obtained with a molecular weight of 1000-3000. The high current-yield - up to 100 g/Ah, this means that per electrontransfer up to two polymeric molecules were obtained -, the low molecular weight, the independence of molecular weight of current density, the insensitivity to oxygen, and experiments of copolymerization with styrene indicate that the oligomer is formed at the cathode by an anionic mechanism. The influence of electrolyte structure, of cathode material, of current density, of water concentration, of convection, and of temperature on the formation of the oligomer has been investigated. A proposal of the structure of the oligomeric acrylonitrile has been made.
    Notes: Durch eine elektrolytisch gestartete Reaktion von reinem Acrylnitril in Gegenwart von 0,1 bis 1% Wasser und in Anwesenheit geringer Mengen eines quartären Ammoniumsalzes wurde ein oligomeres, acetonlösliches, gelbgefärbtes Produkt erhalten, dessen Molgewicht zwischen 1000 und 3000 liegt. Die hohe Stromausbeute - sie erreichte 100g/Ah, d. h. es wurden pro Elektronentransfer bis zu 2 Polymermoleküle gebildet -, das niedere Molgewicht, die Unabhängigkeit des Molgewichts von der Stromdichte, die Unempfindlichkeit gegen Sauerstoff sowie Co-polymerisationsversuche mit Styrol lassen darauf schließen, daß das Oligomere an der Kathode durch einen anionischen Mechanismus entstehen muß. Der Einfluß der Art des Leitsalzes, der Kathode, der Stromdichte, der Wasserkonzentration, der Konvektion und der Temperatu auf die Oligomerenbildung wurden untersucht. Ein Strukturvorschlag wird zur Diskussion gestellt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 4 (1966), S. 631-638 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The effect of basic aluminium dibenzoate upon the supercooling of polypropylene fractions of molecular weight 9.2 × 103-1.25 × 106 was determined by differential thermal analysis. The response to heterogeneous nucleation within the precision of the method used appears to be only slightly dependent, if at all, upon the molecular weight of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Catalase reacts with the hydrated electron and the OH radical in aqueous solutions with rate constants of 3.7. 109 and 8.3.1010 mole-1 1. sec-1, respectively. The reaction OH + catalase is diffusion-controlled, although part of the amino acids of catalase does not react at every collision with an OH radical under isolated conditions. A diffusion coefficient of 2.3.10-5 cm2.sec-1 of the OH radical is derived from the measurements. The results are discussed with respect to the radiolysis of catalase in aqueous solution and to the influences of catalase on the radiation sensitivity of biological systems. It is also postulated that fast but not exclusively diffusion-controlled reactions of small radicals with monomers may become diffusion-controlled if the reaction partner is a macromolecule consisting of the same kind of base units.
    Notes: Katalase reagiert in wäßriger Lösung mit dem hydratisierten Elektron und mit dem OH-Radikal mit Geschwindigkeitskonstanten von 3,7.109 bzw. 8,3.1010 Mol-11. sec-1. Die Reaktion OH + Katalase it diffusionskontrolliert, obgleich ein Teil der Aminosären der Katalase im isolierten Zustand nicht bei jeder Begegnung mit einem OH-Radikal reagiert. Aus den Messungen ergibt sich ein Diffusionskoeffizient des OH-Radikals von 2,3.10-5 cm2. sec-1. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die Strahlenzersetzung der Katalase in wäßriger Lösung und auf den Einfluß der Katalase auf die Strahlenempfindlichkeit biologischer Systeme diskutiert. Es wird ferner eine Hypothese vorgetragen, nach der Reaktionen kleiner Radikale mit Monomeren, die zwar schnell, aber nicht ausschließlich diffusionskontrolliert enfolgen, zu diffusionskontrollierten Prozessen werden können, wenn der Reaktionspartner eine aus derselben Grundeinheit aufgebaute Makromolekel ist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 3 (1965), S. 457-468 
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This paper describes some of the aspects of the thermal oxidation of deuterated isotactic polypropylenes. Several polymers of propylene, deuterated at different sites along the polymer chain, were subjected to a kinetic treatment designed to establish the comparative rates of oxidation at different temperatures. Infrared spectroscopy was used to follow the kinetics over the temperature interval 100-130°C. These experiments have shown the existence of a deuterium isotope effect for the thermal oxidation of polypropylene.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 707-709 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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