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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (33)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (19)
  • 1975-1979  (52)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anionic polymerization of caprolactam. Optimization of the system NaH/N-benzoyl caprolactamThis contribution is dedicated to Professor Dr. H. Kämmerer on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 55 (1976), S. 141-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß der Konzentration von Natriumhydrid als Katalysator und N-Benzoylcaprolactam als Cokatalysator auf die Polymerisation von ε-Caprolactam wurde untersucht. Dazu wurde die Änderung der Grenzviskositätszahl der entstandenen Polymeren in m-Kresol bei 25°C bestimmt. Auch der Einfluß der Polymerisationstemperatur wurde bei konstanter Konzentration von Katalysator und Cokatalysator auf die gleiche Weise untersucht.Obwohl die Reproduzierbarkeit der mittleren Molekulargewichte schwankte, kann man die folgenden Aussagen machen: Der höchste Wert der Viskositätszahl wurde für die niedrigste Konzentration des Cokatalysators erhalten. Die Viskositätszahl der Polymeren erreichte einen Maximalwert bei einer Katalysatorkonzentration von 1,8 mol-% für Cokatalysatorkonzentrationen von 1 und 2 mol-%, jedoch ergab sich bei höheren Konzentrationen an Cokatalysator kein klares Maximum. Im Bereich von 120-200°C ergab sich die höchste Viskositätszahl für die niedrigste Polymerisationstemperatur.
    Notes: The effects of changes in concentration of sodium hydride as catalyst, and N-benzoyl caprolactam as cocatalyst upon the polymerization of ε-caprolactam were studied. The effects were monitored as changes in the intrinsic viscosity of the resultant polymer determined in m-cresol at 25°C. Effects of changes in polymerization temperature at constant catalyst and cocatalyst concentration were also studied.Reproducibility of a given average molecular weight was variable. The highest value of intrinsic viscosity resulted from the lowest cocatalyst concentration studied. Intrinsic viscosity of the product reached a peak at 1.8 mol-% catalyst for 1 and 2 mol-% cocatalyst, but no clear peak occurred at the higher cocatalyst concentrations studied. The highest intrinsic viscosity resulted from the lowest polymerization temperature in the range from 120-200°C.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1976.050550112
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gamma-ray induced polymerization of styrene in the presence of methanol (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 2291-2304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics and molecular weight distributions (MWD) of the gamma-ray induced polymerization of styrene in methanol were studied at 35°C, at low conversions and over a dose rate range of 2.76 × 103 to 2.74 × 104 rad/hr. The data obtained at low initial methanol content agreed with previously obtained results and the MWD of the polystyrene formed yielded a single unimodal peak with M̄n in the range of 35,000-480,000. However, at high initial methanol content and low dose rates, at least three peaks were clearly discernible over wide molecular weight distributions. The existence of these peaks is related to the kinetic data and the formation of three distinguishable regions in the polymerization system.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170131011
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal oligomerization of isophthalonitrile catalyzed by o-carborane (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 17 (1979), S. 619-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The thermal reaction of equimolar quantities of isophthalonitrile and o-carborane has been shown to produce an adduct oligomer of isophthalonitrile. The structure was determined to involve condensation of three to five isophthalonitrile molecules to form a triazine-type system. This type of bonding gave rise to a trimer and pentamer. Further, the reaction was a homogeneous liquid phase reaction in which o-carborane is involved in a catalytic manner in the oligomerization. The overall reaction has first-order kinetics with an activation energy of 32.2 kcal/mole.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1979.170170301
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Broad-line NMR studies of deformation and recovery in hard elastic polypropylene (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 17 (1979), S. 385-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1979.130170609
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of copolymers of 4(5)-vinylimidazole and quaternary imidazolium salts on the hydrolysis rates of charged and neutral esters. II (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 931-943 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of copolymeric catalysts containing hydrophobic binding sites (quaternary imidazolium salts) and catalytically active nucleophilic sites (imidazole) on the hydrolysis of long-chain anionic esters were investigated. The quaternary imidazolium salt groups contained hydrocarbon chains of varying length. Their solubility relationships and viscosity measurements followed a trend governed by the hydrocarbon chain length of the quaternary imidazolium salt. These investigations revealed that increasing the hydrocarbon chain length of the quaternary imidazole groups along the copolymer chain or the chain length of the ester substrate resulted in an increase of the catalytic rate of ester hydrolysis. Increasing the ethanol content decreased the catalytic activity and greatly reduced the apolar binding between the catalyst and substrate. For the cases of low ethanol content and high chain length of the substrate, the ester hydrolysis reactions in the presence of the copolymeric catalysts preceeded by a Michaelis-Menten kinetic scheme.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170130412
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoxidation of poly-4-methylpentene-1. I. The role of diffusion in autoxidation kinetics (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 13 (1975), S. 1209-1222 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An apparatus is described for the measurement of oxygen uptake into a polymer sample at constant oxygen pressures in the range 20-1000 mm Hg. Measurements of the rate of oxygen uptake into poly-4-methylpentene-1 show that the rate is accurately first-order in oxygen pressure over the range 50-800 mm pressure for temperatures ranging from 122 to 154°C and film thickness in the range 0.001-0.025 cm. A theoretical treatment of the kinetics of a reaction in which oxygen diffuses into both faces of a thin film, in which it is consumed by a first-order reaction shows that the oxidation rate ρ per unit area of film surface is given by ρ = ρ∞ tanh ßL/2 where ρ∞ is the limiting oxidation rate for a thick film, L is the film thickness, and ß = (k/D)1/2, k being the oxidation rate constant and D the diffusion constant. Values of D and the activation energy for diffusion calculated from autoxidation data are in good agreement with values determined directly.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.170130515
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induced anisotropy of thermal conductivity of polymer solids under large strains (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 49-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A simple analytical form of induced anisotropy of heat conductivity kij(λ1,λ2λ3,T) of initially isotropic polymer solids results from employing the simplified theory of the three-chain model of the non-Gaussian network. The analytical form appears to be valid up to a stretch ratio of λ = 2.65, which is the limit of existing experimental data. The effect of induced anisotropy on the temperature distribution, due to the large deformations, is illustrated for a highly expanded spherical shell and a cylindrical tube under a steady-state heat flow using the derived analytical form of the strain-dependent heat conductivity.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimizing the properties of isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers by statistically designed experiments (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 927-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The properties of isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers were optimized through the use of statistically designed experiments. A simple 2 × 2 factorial with centerpoint statistical design was used to determine the effect the diol-to-triol ratio and per cent free isocyanate had on the viscosity of the prepolymer. Combinations of a 1000 or 2000 molecular weight diol with either a 1500 or 4100 molecular weight triol showed that a reasonable range of viscosity could be maintained only with the 4100 molecular weight triol. A nine-point design was then utilized to predict the best levels of free isocyanate and polyol ratio that would yield cured urethane polymers with the highest tensile strengths, moduli, and elongations. With this design, second-order equations were computed that predict the mechanical responses of urethane polymers based on the free isocyanate and polyol ratio used in its formulation.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220406
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diluted epoxy adhesives II. Relationship of shrinkage during cure to lap shear strengths (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 2523-2532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The shrinkage of a series of epoxy adhesives diluted with either phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) or 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDE) and cured with either diethylenetriamine (DTA) or diethylaminopropylamine (DPA) was measured and compared with the steel-to-steel lap shear strength obtained with these adhesives. It was found that the adhesives with the highest level of shrinkage also gave the highest strengths. Samples cured initially at room temperature with DPA underwent a significant expansion when postcured at elevated temperatures. The amount of shrinkage was found not to be dependent on sample size.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220911
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The surface energy of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1143-1144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200426
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