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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • 1985-1989  (12)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interplay of rubber network theory with the damping behavior of crosslinked polyurethanes (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 27 (1989), S. 2251-2268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Network formation (branching) theory was used to examine the relationships between network structure and concomitant sound and vibration damping. For a series of model polyether-based polyurethane networks with varying stoichiometry and composition, the glass transition temperature Tg, was found to increase with increasing concentration of elastically active network chains, EANCs, as well as the ratio of branch OH group concentration to the total OH group concentration ρ. The values of (tan δ)max, the peak height of tan δ at Tg, linearly decrease with increasing concentration of EANCs, regardless of the ρ values. However, the loss area (LA), equal to the integral of the linear loss modulus-temperature curve, is independent of the concentration of EANCs and/or ρ. Utilizing group contribution analysis techniques, the value of the main chain -O- group contribution, LA-O-, is 19.1 GPa·K/g, a rather large value. This finding gives insight into why polyether urethanes are preferred for many damping applications.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1989.090271108
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of block copolymers based on poly[3,3-bis(ethoxymethyl)oxetane] and other novel polyethers (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 2051-2064 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Diblock, triblock, and alternating block copolymers based on poly[3,3-bis(ethoxymethyl) oxetane] [poly(BEMO)] and a random copolymer center block poly(BMMO-co-THF) composed of poly[3,3-bis(methoxymethyl)oxetane] [poly(BMMO)], and poly(tetrahydrofuran) [poly(THF)] were synthesized and characterized with respect to molecular weight. Glass transition temperatures Tg and melting temperatures Tm were characterized via DSC, modulus-temperature, and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS). These polyethers had Tm between 70°C and 90°C, and Tg between -55°C and -30°C. The degree of crystallinity of poly(BEMO) was found to be 65% by X-ray powder diffraction.Tensile properties of the triblock copolymer, poly(BEMO-block-BMMO-co-THF-block-BEMO) were also studied. A yield point was found at 4.1 × 107 dyn/cm2 and 10% elongation and failure at 3.8 × 107 dyn/cm2 and 760 % elongation. Morphological features were examined by reflected light microscopy and the kinetics of crystallization were studied. Poly(BEMO) and its block copolymers were found to form spherulites of 2-10 μm in diameter. Crystallization was complete after 2-5 min.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300522
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Semi-1 thermoplastic interpenetrating polymer networks of physically crosslinked poly(n-butyl acrylate) and polystyrene (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 6227-6235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) chemically crosslinked with tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDM) and physically crosslinked PnBAs produced by neutralization of poly(n-butyl acrylate-stat-acrylic acid) with NaOH or Ca(OH)2 were prepared as a polymer I network. Each polymer I was swollen with styrene and cured in situ into semi-IPN-TEGDM, semi-IPN-Na, or semi-IPN-Ca, respectively. Both physically crosslinked polymers maintained their shapes during the swelling procedure. Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy indicated that good mixing of the two polymers took place in the semi-IPN-Ca as well as in semi-IPN-TEGDM, but a distinct phase separation occurred in the semi-IPN-Na. These results were supported by their transparent or optical opaque appearances, respectively. Annealing at 180°C developed further phase separation in the semi-IPN-Na, but very little in the semi-IPN-Ca. Analyses by the incompatibility number (based on the modulus-temperature curve) and the calculation of individual phase compositions (from the glass transition temperature shifts) were used in estimating the extent of molecular mixing.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320807
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) and poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) and their block copolymers (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 267-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The homopolymers, poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) (polyBEMO), poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) (polyBAMO), and triblock copolymers based on these homopolymers and a statistical copolymer center block composed of BAMO and 3-azidomethyl-3-methyl oxetane AMMO were synthesized and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, modulus-temperature, optical microscopy, membrane osmometry, and solution and melt viscosity. The values of K and a for the Mark-Houwink equation were found to be 7.29 × 10-3 mL/g and 0.80, respectively, for polyBEMO at 25°C using number-average molecular weights. Glass transition temperatures were in the range -25 to -40°C and melting temperatures were between 65 and 90°C for all polymers. The melting temperature was found to increase as expected with molecular weight. Melt viscosities of triblock copolymers with polyBAMO end blocks were at least an order of magnitude lower than those with polyBEMO end blocks and clear optically, suggesting that the polyBAMO-based triblock copolymers formed one phase in the melt, while the polyBEMO-based triblock materials (milk white) phase separated. The addition of filler raised the melt viscosity to a level between that predicted by the Guth-Smallwood and the Mooney equations.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370121
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of bulk polymerized acrylic and methacrylic interpenetrating polymer networks to noise and vibration damping (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2637-2645 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Novel acrylic/methacrylic interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were examined by dynamic mechanical spectroscopy for their damping capabilities. While simple homopolymers exhibit high damping properties only over a 20-30°C range, multicomponent polymer systems with controlled degree of miscibility, such as IPNs, may exhibit high damping properties over temperature ranges as broad as approximately 100°C. Two series of IPNs based on poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(n-butyl methacrylate) were synthesized and the dynamic mechanical properties were investigated using a Rheovibron. Graphite was incorporated into the poly(n-butyl acrylate) homopolymer and a few IPNs to measure the change in the damping properties. For important IPN compositions, tan δ values between 0.4 and 0.85 were observed over a 75°C plus temperature range. Graphite increased the damping properties of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and the IPNs, as indicated by the tan δ values.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330728
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal decomposition behavior of poly[3,3-bis(ethoxymethyl) oxetane] and related polyethers (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 95-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal decomposition behavior of poly[3,3-bis(ethoxymethyl)oxetane] (polyBEMO) was examined and compared to the decomposition of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (polyTHF). Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies as a function of heating rates and at constant temperature as a function of time yielded activation energies of 45-50 kcal/mol, characteristic of polyether decomposition. First-order decomposition kinetics were found. The reaction is endothermic, with a heat of decomposition of 18.6 kcal/mol. Effusion mass spectroscopy on polyBEMO showed major peaks at 112, 140, 168, and 174 amu. A mechanism is proposed in which the thermal scission of the ether bonds in both the polymer chain and in the appendanges initiates the decomposition. The main decomposition reaction for polyBEMO can be written as where the appendages and main chain are cleaved in an unknown order.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionomer/ionomer thermoplastic IPNs based on poly(n-butyl acrylate) and polystyrene (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 5903-5915 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermoplastic interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by combining poly(n-butyl acrylate) with polystyrene, both polymers crosslinked independently with acrylic acid anhydride (AAA). Decrosslinking of both polymers was carried out by hydrolysis of the anhydride bonds. Neutralization of the carboxylic acid groups to form the ionomer was carried out in a Brabender Plasticorder. Two subclasses of thermoplastic IPNs were studied: (1) Chemically blended thermoplastic IPNs (CBT IPNs) were prepared by synthesizing polymer II in polymer I in a sequential synthesis; (2) mechanically blended thermoplastic IPNs (MBT IPNs) were prepared by melt blending separately synthesized polymers. Rheovibron characterization revealed that of the two combinations, the CBT IPNs were better mixed than the MBT IPNs. Investigations of phase continuity via melt viscosity and modulus suggest that the CBT IPNs have some degree of dual phase continuity. Transmission electron microscopy suggests dual phase continuity and relatively small phase domains, 2000-5000 Å for the CBT IPNs. The mechanical properties from tensile and Izod impact tests showed that the CBT IPNs were stronger than the MBT IPNs.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320720
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the area under loss modulus and tan δ-temperature curves: Acrylic polymers and their sequential interpenetrating polymer networks (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 409-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Areas under the linear tan δ-temperature (tA) and linear loss modulus-temperature (LA) curves of the polyacrylate and polymethacrylate homologous series and their interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were investigated. For poly(methyl acrylate), LA values are independent of crosslinking level through 25%, but tA decreases. With increasing side group length, on the other hand, tA remains nearly independent of side group length for both homologous series, having values near 50 and 65 (units of K) for the acrylate and methacrylate series, respectively. However, LA decreases steeply with increasing side group length. A phenomenological treatment of areas is presented in order to explain tA and LA behavior semiquantitatively. Both tA and LA exhibit areas characteristic of the structure of the particular polymers. The homopolymer LA areas are additive in determining the area under the corresponding curve for the IPN. This suggested a group contribution analysis for LA, where each moiety contributes specific values to the area.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340132
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization behavior of poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) and poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1597-1609 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Two crystal modifications have been found for poly(3,3-bisethoxymethyl oxetane) [poly- (BEMO)] by wide-angle x-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, while only one modification has been found for poly(3,3-bisazidomethyl oxetane) [poly(BAMO)]. Melting temperatures for the two polymers were nearly the same, varying from about 70 to about 90°C depending on the thermal treatment; higher crystallization temperatures resulted in higher melting temperatures. The equilibrium melting temperature T*m was found to be 125 and 128°C for poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO), respectively, by using the Hoffman-Weeks extrapolation procedure. Measurement of the melting-point depression of Poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO) in dibutyl phthalate yielded enthalpy of fusion values of 2.25 and 12.8 kcal/mol, respectively. The percent crystallinity for poly(BEMO) and poly(BAMO), respectively, was calculated to be 55-60 and 13-30% based on DSC and x-ray analysis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230812
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological and synthetic polymer networks, O. Kramer, Ed., Elsevier Applied Science, Barking, Essex, England, 1988, pp. (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 27 (1989), S. 145-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1989.140270411
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