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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Jasmonic acid induces the production of gerbera volatiles that attract the biological control agent Phytoseiulus persimilis (1999)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 93 (1999), S. 77-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Acari ; behaviour ; biological control ; Gerbera jamesonii ; herbivore induced synomones ; infochemicals ; indirect defence ; Phytoseiidae ; semiochemicals ; terpenoids ; Tetranychus urticae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Jasmonic acid (JA) is a plant hormone that is involved in the induction of plant defence in response to herbivore attack. We studied the effect of exposure of gerbera leaves to JA on indirect plant defence, i.e. attraction of natural enemies of herbivores. Treatment of gerbera leaves with JA or feeding damage by the herbivorous spider mite Tetranychus urticae, both induced the production of a complex odour blend that attracts the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis. This phytoseiid predator is a very effective biological control agent of the spider mite T. urticae. Comparison of headspace composition of gerbera leaves exposed to either JA or T. urticae revealed a large degree of resemblance, but some quantitative and qualitative differences were recorded. The major chemical group in both treatments is formed by the terpenoids which quantitatively comprised up to 80% of the total odour blend. These terpenoids included (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene, (E)-β-ocimene and linalool that are known to attract P. persimilis. Aldehydes, alcohols, esters and ketones, together with nitrogenous compounds formed the remaining constituents of the odour blend. The induction of predator attractants in plants by JA may be applied in biological control programs, which is discussed in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003826309751
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leaf hairs influence searching efficiency and predation rate of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental and applied acarology 23 (1999), S. 119-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Keywords: Phytoseiidae ; walking speed ; biological control ; tritrophic interactions ; Gerbera jamesonii ; trichomes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of leaf hairs on searching efficiency of adult female Phytoseiulus persimilis was investigated. For this purpose we used the ornamental crop Gerbera jamesonii and determined the predator's searching efficiency on three cultivars that differ largely in the density of leaf hairs on the undersurface of the leaves. Walking speed of the mites was highest on the cultivar with the lowest leaf hair density. Walking activity, defined as the percentage of time spent walking, was not dependent on leaf hair density of the cultivars. At both prey densities tested, time until first predation increased with leaf hair density. The predation rate of adult female P. persimilis is affected by trichome density, particularly when prey density is low. At prey densities of 1.3 and 2.5 Tetranychus urticae eggs cm–2, predation rate was inversely related to leaf hair density. At a prey density of 8.0 eggs cm–2 no significant effect of leaf hair density on predation rate was found. These negative effects on searching efficiency and predation success at low prey density of P. persimilis suggest that biological control of T. urticae on gerbera may be hampered by leaf hairs. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006098410165
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