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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-lived polymer radicals. IV.For Part III see ref. 4. Reactions of poly(N-methylacrylamide) and poly(N-methylmethacrylamide) radicals with binary mixtures of vinyl monomers (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 943-952 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-methylacrylamide (NMAAm) and N-methylmethacrylamide (NMMAm) were polymerized to give polymer microspheres containing living propagating radicals. The microsphere polymer radicals were allowed to react with some binary mixtures of vinyl monomers including alternating copolymerization combinations. The reaction processes were investigated by ESR spectroscopy. In the poly(NMMAm) radical/methyl methacrylate (MMA)/styrene (St) system, the propagating radical from MMA was mainly observed at the higher MMA concentration, while polySt radical prevailed at the lower MMA concentration. In the poly(NMMAm) radical/α-methylstyrene (α-MeSt)/diethyl fumarate system, the α-MeSt radical was exclusively observed, while the maleic anhydride (MAn) radical was predominantly observed in the α-MeSt/MAn system. In the MAn/diphenylethylene system, the propagating radicals from both monomers were observed at comparable concentrations. The poly(NMAAm) microsphere radical behaved differently in the reaction with the MMA/St mixture. The poly(NMAAm) microsphere was found to incorporate preferentially St, leading to formation of the St radical. The St preference was enhanced in the St/cyclohexyl methacrylate (CHMA) system. These results were in agreement with those of block copolymerization via the reaction of poly(NMAAm) radical with the MMA/St or CHMA/St mixture, where the compositions of the resulting polymers were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210403
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-lived polymer radicals. III.For Part II see ref. 3. Synthesis of block copolymer by the reaction of living poly(N-methylacrylamide) radical with some vinyl monomers (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 819-828 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-Methylacrylamide (NMAAm) was polymerized quantitatively by using di-tert-butyl peroxide as photosensitizer to be, for the most part, incorporated in living poly(NMAAm) radical. The living polymer radical reacted effectively with acrylate monomers to yield block copolymer. Longer alkyl chain of the acrylate monomer caused a decrease in the conversion of the second monomer. Methacrylate monomers, such as methyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate, showed relatively low reactivities in comparison with acrylates. Styrene exhibited a much lower conversion. The resulting block copolymers showed different thermochromic behaviors in methyl benzoate from that of poly(NMAAm). This is explained on the basis of the difference between refractive indexes of the block copolymers and poly(NMAAm).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210317
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photopolymerization of vinyl monomers with quaternary ammonium salts (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 2943-2951 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photopolymerization of vinyl monomers with a series of quaternary ammonium salts has been investigated. However, quaternary ammonium salts used are not photosensitizers but rather photoinitiators. The salts photoinitiation activity was observed to vary widely with the counteranion in quaternary salts used and also with the alkyl group in their amine components. In general, the halide salts were more effective than tetrafluoroborate salts. It was also found that the overall activation energy for the photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate with dimethylbenzylanilinium tetrafluoroborate was 5.9 kcal/mole, and its rate was proportional to the 0.32 and 1.0 order of the concentration of the salt and the monomer used, respectively. An endgroup similar to dimethylaniline was found to be present in the methyl methacrylate polymer obtained by above system; this is probably a methylanilinomethyl group, from the characteristics of its ultraviolet spectrum.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.170121220
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-lived polymer radicals. VI. Polymerization of N-methylmethacrylamide with formation of living propagation radicalsPart V: T. Sato, Y. Yutani, and T. Otsu, Polymer, 24, 1078 (1983). (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 3921-3932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of N-methylmethacrylamide (NMMAm) with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was investigated kinetically in benzene. This polymerization proceeded heterogeously with formation of the very stable poly(NMMAm) radicals. The overall activation energy of this polymerization was calculated to be 23 kcal/mol. The polymerization rate (Rp) was expressed by: Rp = k[AIBN]0.63-0.68[NMMAm]1-2.5. Dependence of Rp on the monomer concentration increased with increasing NMMAm concentration. From an ESR study, cyanopropyl radicals escaping the solvent cage were found to be converted to the living propagating radicals of NMMAm in very high yields (ca. 90%). Formation mechanism of the living polymer radicals was discussed on the basis of kinetic, ESR spectroscopic, and electron microscopic results.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170221228
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cope elimination and complexation of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate N-oxide) (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 22 (1984), S. 1661-1676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate N-oxide) (poly(DMAEMNO)) was prepared by oxidation of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) with hydrogen peroxide in methanol. From thermogravimetric and IR spectroscopic investigations Cope elimination of amine oxide group in poly(DMAENO) was found to occur at 120-150°C. The postpolymerization of partially pyrolyzed polymer carrying vinyl ester group as pendant was performed with azobisisobutyronitrile at 60°C in methanol to give cross-linked polymer that was found to form hydrogel. Poly(DMAEMNO) gave metal-polymer complexes with CuCl2, ZnCl2, and CoCl2. Cobalt-polymer complex had a constitution of 1:2 of metal ion to amine oxide group, while copper- and zinc-polymer complexes seemed to have structures of 1:1 and 1:2 of metal ion to amine oxide group. Furthermore, polymer complexes of poly(DMAEMNO) with poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(acrylic acid) were found to be formed by mixing aqueous solutions of both polymers and also by radical polymerization of the acid monomers in the presence of poly(DMAEMNO). From elemental analysis, thermogravimetric investigation, and measurement of turbidity it was concluded that the resulting polymer-polymer complexes contained more than one acid monomer unit per one N-oxide unit.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1984.170220713
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of methyl methacrylate with dimethylbenzylanilinium chloride (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 3329-3336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to clarify the mechanism of initiation by dimethylbenzylanilinium chloride (DMBAC), the polymerization of methyl methacrylate with DMBAC has been investigated at 60-80°C. From the results of kinetic and tracer studies, it was found that this polymerization proceeded via a radical mechanism and benzyl radical was not an initiating species. However, it was also noted that DMBAC easily dissociated into dimethylaniline and benzyl chloride under the present conditions, and the overall activation energy for the methyl methacrylate polymerization was 14.6 kcal/mole. These observations indicate that initiating radicals other than benzyl radical, i.e., phenyl or methyl radicals, may be produced through a redox interaction between DMBAC and dimethylaniline dissociated from DMBAC.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150071206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerizations of N-vinylcarbazole and 4-vinylpyridine with various organic halides (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 789-791 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.150080323
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