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  • Physics  (7)
  • Cellulosederivate  (1)
  • Conducting materials  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four-center photopolymerization. A heterogeneous topochemical solid-state reaction (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 1365-1379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The four-center solid-state photopolymerization of distyrylpyrazine (DSP) and of 2,6-naphthalene bis(acrylic acid-2,4-dichloro phenyl ester) (NBA-DCP) was investigated by x-ray and microscopic techniques. In both cases the polymer grows as a separate product phase topotactically well arranged with respect to the monomer matrix. In the case of polymerization of DSP the space group of the monomer (Pbca) is not maintained but the polymer phase has space group P21ca. Nucleation and growth of the polymer phase was observed by light and electron microscopy. Nucleation occurs at defect sites. The polymer grows at different rates in different crystallographic directions which were identified by electron diffraction in the case of DSP. Polymerization thus occurs in the transition region between monomer crystal and product phase and not in the bulk of the crystal so that the four-center-type photopolymerization is best described as a heterogeneous solid-state reaction.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.180160803
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topochemische Aspekte der Erzeugung von vernetzten Strukturen in Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)-SchichtsystemenDiese Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des MATFO-Programms des Bundesministeriums für Forschung und Technologie als Teil des Projekts „Ultradünne Schichten“ durchgeführt. (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 107 (1995), S. 363-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Cellulosederivate ; LB-Schichtsysteme ; Supramolekulare Chemie ; Topochemie ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19951070321
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of dislocations in the solid-state polymerization of monomers having conjugated triple bonds: A study of 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol bis(p-toluene sulfonate) (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 753-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of the monomer bis(p-toluene sulfonate) ester of 2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol (pT) is conducive from the viewpoint of both the separation distances and molecular configuration, to polymerization, irrespective of whether initiation is thermal, photochemical, or mechanical. The dislocations present in the monomer and polymer structures have been characterized by employing optical microscopic techniques. The slip system (102)[010] is found to be present in both monomer and polymer crystals but the (010)[001] system is found only in the monomer. On this basis a crystal structure for the monomer is proposed based on existing crystallographic information relating to the structure of the polymer. Dislocations are thought, on energetic grounds, to facilitate nucleation of product in the thermal polymerization but have no observable influence on the photoinduced reaction which proceeds homogeneously through the bulk.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.180130408
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-transfer polymers. XXXVII. Preparation and redox behavior of polycarbonates with incorporated hydroquinone units (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 3395-3406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation of polycarbonates from a quinonediol and phosgene, and from the quinonediol and various bischloroformates, is described. Some of the bischloroformates were prepared from poly(ethylene oxides) with two terminal hydroxyl groups by phosgenation. The quinone groups incorporated into the polymer chain were reduced to hydroquinone groups. Some of these polymers were titrated oxidatively in 90% acetic acid. Their redox behavior cannot be described by a simple Nernst equation. It is assumed that the differences between theoretically expected and experimentally obtained potentials express the amount of work needed to reshape the polymer coil according to a thermodynamically stable distribution of the redox groups.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150061217
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-transfer polymers. XXX. Preparation of poly(1-vinyl-3,4,6-trimethyl-2,5-benzoquinone) (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 869-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Vinyl-3,4,6-trimethyl-2-methoxy-5-hydroxy-benzene (I) was prepared in good yield by the Wittig reaction from the corresponding chloromethyl compound. It could be polymerized cationically to low molecular weight material. The polymer could be oxidized to poly(1-vinyl-3,4,6-trimethyl-2,5-benzoquinone) (III) and could be reduced to the corresponding hydroquinone. Compound (I) was acetylated at the phenolic hydroxyl group and polymerized. The acetyl group was quantitatively reduced with lithium aluminum hydride, and the resulting polymer could be oxidized quantitatively to (III). Its molecular weight was a little higher than that prepared directly from (I).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060415
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-transfer polymers. XXXVIII. Further investigation of “polymer effects” with self-protected polymer (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 583-595 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Methacrylyloxymethyl-5,7,8-trimethylchroman-6-01 (MMC) was prepared, polymerized, and copolymerized. Poly-MMC, a reduced redox polymer, is stable to air and is oxidized readily. The redox behaviors of poly-MMC and copolymers with vinyl acetate were compared with that of 3-propionyloxymethyl-5,7,8-trimethylchroman-6-o1 (PMC), the model monomer. The titration curves of the polymers were flat as is usual with redox polymers, and showed higher midpoint potentials than the model monomer. One factor in this “polymer effect” was found to be adsorption of oxidized polymer on the electrode. But there seem still to be present other factors yet to be clarified.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070213
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-transfer polymers. XXXIV. Redox polyurethanes from p-benzoquinone-2,5-diols and diisocyanates (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 3151-3156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It is possible to prepare polyurethanes from p-benzoquinone-diols and diisocyanates by using dibutyltin diacetate catalyst at room temperature or below, since the benzoquinone group does not react with isocyanate under these conditions. This permits preparation of new redox polymers. In preparing the polyurethanes excess isocyanate groups must be destroyed at the end of the reaction time in order to prevent crosslinking during work-up. These polymers are readily reduced by aqueous hydrosulfite. Good viscosity numbers are obtained; and, in general, upon reduction the viscosity increases over that of the oxidized form. There is no evidence of crosslinking. When oxidized and reduced forms of these polymers are mixed there is no evidence of charge transfer.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150061117
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-transfer polymers. XXXIX. Redox polymers based on duroquinonyl glycol (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 1269-1274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Redox polyurethanes, polyesters, and alternate copolyurethanes and copolycarbonates from two kinds of benzoquinonyl glycol were prepared based on 2-(duroquinonyl)-propan-1,3-diol. The oxidized polymer is stable. When the fully reduced polymer in solution is exposed to air the durohydroquinonyl residues are oxidized to the quinone form while the less substituted hydroquinonyl glycol residues remain stable in the reduced form. There is thus prepared polymer with oxidized and reduced groups alternating along the chain.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070507
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymers with Metal-Like Conductivity - A Review of their Synthesis, Structure and Properties (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 20 (1981), S. 361-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Polymers ; Conducting materials ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymers such as polyacetylene, which have an extended π-electron system in their backbone, or like poly(p-phenylene) consist of a sequence of aromatic rings are excellent insulators in their native state and can be transformed by oxidation or reduction in the solid state into conductive CT-complexes which exhibit metal-like conduction characteristics. The chemical and physical processes involved and the reasons for the observed quasimetallic conductivity are not yet fully understood. The real structure of these materials in chemical and physical terms, i. e. their complicated morphology and texture, as well as the results available on the structure-property relationships of the “organic metals” must be considered when discussing their properties. In other words, a discussion of conductive polymers should be based on what is known of the highly conducting CT-complexes of low-molecular weight compounds. The discovery of the highly conducting polymer complexes has opened up a new interdisciplinary field of research which borders on polymer science, solid-state and semiconductor physics and on organic solid-state chemistry. It is hoped that this area will lead to numerous novel materials and technical applications.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198103611
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