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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of crosslinking copolymerization of styrene with symmetric divinyl compoundsDedicated to the late Professor J. W. Breitenbach, whose ideas and perpetual advice guided this work in the preparation of a Ph.D. thesis at the Institut für Physikalische Chemie of Vienna University/Austria. (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 195-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gel formation usually occurs in crosslinking systems during polymerization. The critical conversion in this process is dependent on the reactivity ratios of the different kinds of double bond in the system and on the tendency to cyclization. In this article a procedure for estimating the gel point for small amounts of a symmetric divinyl compound is shown in measurements of the degree of polymerization at different conversions. A method is also given to relate the reactivity ratio of the pendent double bonds to the amount of cyclization and to the degree of multiple crosslinking. In m-divinylbenzene/styrene the results indicate that about 10% of the pendent double bonds is consumed by cyclization due to backbiting of the primary chain, whereas an initial effective crosslink results in about seven multiple crosslink bonds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170190118
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of in-cage and out-of-cage recombination of initiator radicals in solution polymerization using labeled initiators (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 1445-1455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amount of in-cage and out-of-cage recombination of initiator radicals has been measured by recovering the recombination products of simultaneous decomposition of an unlabeled and a deuterium-labeled initiator. The occurrence of recombination products generated from both an unlabeled and a deuterium-labeled initiator fragment, which can be monitored in a mass spectrometer, indicate out-of-cage recombination. It turned out that in the course of decomposition of dibenzoylperoxide in benzene, biphenyl was not produced by direct recombination of the phenyl radicals originally generated, but rather by interaction with benzene. Upon decomposing azoisobutyronitrile in various solvents, however, both in-cage recombination and out-of-cage recombination were observed. When small amounts of styrene were added to such systems, the initiator radicals tended rather to react with styrene than to undergo out-of-cage recombination.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210518
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of tailoring flame retardancy in HET-acid-based flame retardants (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 1617-1625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: HET acid was condensed with either ethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol to yield the respective oligoesters. These oligoesters were characterized by molecular weight, measured by vapor-pressure osmometry. The degradation mechanism of oligoesters of HET acid with either ethylene glycol or 1,4-butanediol was elucidated. The thermal properties of these polyesters were studied using differential thermal analysis and thermal volatilization analysis. The mechanism of degradation was proposed on the basis of pyrolysis-gas chromatography studies, the degradation products being subsequently identified by mass spectrometry. It turned out that in the course of decomposition, hexachlorocyclopentadiene was formed, which is believed to be the active substance for flame retardance in these systems. The aspect of tailoring flame retardancy by changing the chemical environment, i.e., by using different diols, is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1983.170210605
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