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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Silicon atoms ; Ab initio calculations ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Evaporation of silicon and consecutive cocondensation of the generated atoms with acetylene or ethylene in an argon matrix turnes out to be a new access to C2H2Si and C2H4Si isomers, respectively. In both cases the silicon atoms rather add to the π system than insert into C-H bonds, leading to cyclic silylenes as primary reaction products. In the Si/acetylene system the primary product is silacyclopro-penylidene (2), which shows the already known photo-chemical interconversion into additional C2H2Si species. On the other hand, cocondensation of silicon atoms with ethylene and subsequent irradiation lead to the matrix-isolation of three new C2H4Si isomers [apart from the known silacyclopropene (7) and silylacetylene (8)], namely silacyclopropylidene (10), s-trans-vinylsilylene (11), and the unsubstituted 1-silaallene (13). These species can be identified by comparison of their experimental IR spectra and those obtained by ab initio calculations. In a second reaction path, SiH2, which is formed as a byproduct from atomic silicon and hydrogen impurities, adds to the π system of acetylene, yielding silacyclopropene (7). Silacyclopropane (16), the analogous product of the reaction of SiH2 with ethylene, could not be observed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1291-1295 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Silicon π systems ; Silacyclopropenylidenes ; Disilacyclobutadienes ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pulsed flash pyrolysis in combination with matrix isolation of three precursor molecules (10, 11, 12) led to the formation of silylsilacyclopropenylidene (1), which was identified by comparison of experimental and calculated (BLYP-6-31G*) IR spectra for both, unlabeled 1 and its perdeuterated isotopomer. Upon irradiation of matrix-isolated silylsilacyclopropenylidene (1) a second C2H4Si2 isomer, namely (silylethynyl)silylene (4) was formed. However, no evidence could be found for the formation of disilatetrahedrane or 1,2- or 1,3-disilacyclobutadiene.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Ab initio calculations ; Photochemistry ; Silylenes ; Silaethenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Flash pyrolyses of four suitable precursors - namely 1,1,1-trimethyl-2-propargyldisilane (32), its allenyl (34) and propynyl isomer (35), as well as 2-ethynyl-1,1,1,2-tetramethyldisilane (31) - lead to the formation of three C3H4Si species (7, 11, and 15). By examination of their photochemistry five additional compounds of the same composition (12, 13, 14, 17, and 18) were identified. Except ethynylsilaethene (18), all compounds observed are silylenes. Their identification is based on the comparison of the experimental and calculated (BLYP-6-31G*) IR spectra. Silacyclobutadiene (4) or silatetrahedrane (25) could not be detected.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Photochemistry ; Radicals ; EPR spectroscopy ; Quantum mechanical calculations ; Silicon compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -Trisilane 7 has been synthesized as a potential photochemical precursor of tetra-tert-butylsilatetrahedrane (5) and/or tetra-tert-butylsilacyclobutadiene (6). Astonishingly, only one Si,Si bond is broken upon irradiation of 7 and the silacyclobutenyl radical 9 can be identified as the reaction product. The structure of radical 9, which in the absence of oxygen is persistent even at room temperature, has been elucidated by comparison of its experimental and calculated ESR spectra.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1285-1290 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Silicon π systems ; Silacyclopropenylidenes ; Photochemistry ; Density functional calculations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Flash pyrolysis of 1,1-diethynyl-2,2,2-trimethyldisilane (16) and triethynylsilane (18) led to the formation of two silylenes of the elemental composition C4H2Si, namely diethynylsilylene (10) and ethynylsilacyclopropenylidene (7), which were isolated in an argon matrix at 10 K. Both compounds could be photoconverted into another isomer, butadiynylsilylene (9). The identification of these reactive intermediates is based on the comparison between the experimental and calculated IR spectra for the parent compounds as well as for their dideuterated and fully 13C-labeled isotopomers.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Ab initio calculations ; Silicon atoms ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cocondensation of thermally generated silicon atoms with hydrogen cyanide in an argon matrix can be used as an access to compounds of the composition CHNSi and CNSi. Isolation, matrix-spectroscopic identification and photo-chemical behavior of these species are described. Structural assignments are made by the comparison of experimental with calculated IR spectra.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Photochemistry ; CHNO isomers ; Hydrogen-bonded complexes ; Density functional calculations ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The complex photochemistry of matrix-isolated dihaloformoximes 8a, 8b, and 8c, which are transformed upon irradiation into the new hydrogen-bonded complexes HalCN…HOHal 10a-c′, identified by their IR spectra, has been unveiled. An earlier assignment of the experimental IR absorptions to isofulminic acid HONC (4) must be withdrawn. A competitive reaction to the formation of complexes 10a-c′ produces the hydrogen-bonded complexes HalNCO/HHal 12a-c′, which can be regarded as intermediates on the photochemical pathway to the final product isocyanic acid HNCO (1), and are tentatively identified by their IR absorptions. Our findings are supported by deuteration experiments and theoretical calculations using the density functional method BLYP/6-311G*.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 265-269 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Photochemistry ; Flash vacuum pyrolysis ; Calculations, ab initio ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclic C6S6 Isomers  -  Matrix-Spectroscopic and Theoretical InvestigationsA yellow C6S6 isomer, which can be interconverted photo-chemically into a colorless second C6S6 isomer, may be obtained upon matrix photolysis and flash pyrolysis of the precursor molecule 7. The structures of these isomers are most likely 3 and 5, as shown by comparison of their experimental with the calculated infrared spectra of the five possible cyclic C6S6 isomers 1 - 5.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 124 (1991), S. 2603-2607 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Halogen shift ; Calculations, ab initio ; Photochemistry ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photoisomerization of Halogenodimethyl SulfidesPhotolysis of iodo- (3a), bromo- (3b), and chlorodimethyl sulfide (3c) in an argon matrix at 12 K gives rise to isomeric species 4a  -  c. Ab initio calculations indicate that in these isomers the halogen has been removed from the carbon atom and forms a weak bond to forms a weak bond to the sulfur atom. This conclusion is based on the comparison of observed and calculated IR spectra of the photoisomers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Matrix isolation ; Photochemistry ; Flash pyrolysis ; Ylides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photochemical and Thermal Generation of Thiocarbonyl Ylides from 2,5-Dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazoles[*]Thermolysis of thiadiazolines 2a-c yields the corresponding thiiranes 5a-c exclusively. In contrast matrix photolysis in an organic glass at 77 K or in solid Ar at 10 K allows the detection of the thiocarbonyl ylides 3a-c, which are characterized by intense UV maxima at λ ≈ 350 nm. The thiocarbonyl ylides are formed in a stepwise manner and not directly from the thiadiazolines by a simple elimination of N2. In the first step a fragmentation into the thioketones 6a-c and diazomethane occurs, followed by the generation of methylene (8) from diazomethane (7). Addition of methylene to the thioketones 6a-c finally leads to the ylides 3a-c.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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