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  • 1
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Barbaralanes ; Tricyclo[3.3.1.02,8]nona-3,6-dienes ; Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane, derivatives of ; Vinyl sulphones ; Nitriles, α,β-unsaturated, from vinyl sulphones ; Esters, α,β-unsaturated, from nitriles ; 2-Oxaadamantanes, cleavage of ; 2-Oxatricyclo[3.1.1.15,7]decane, derivatives of ; Phenylcerium(III) chloride reagent ; Bromination with N-bromosuccinimide ; Cyclisation by debromination with the zinc-copper couple ; Reversed-phase liquid chromatography, preparative ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Short and efficient syntheses of the barbaralanes 2e-h are reported. Meerwein's diketone 9 is converted into the bis(vinyl sulphide) 10 by the action of 4-chlorothiophenol in the presence of titanium(IV) chloride and triethylamine. Oxidation of 10 with sodium perborate in acetic acid affords the bis(vinyl sulphone) 11 which is treated with potassium cyanide supported on aluminium oxide to yield the unsaturated dinitrile 8. Bromination of 8 with N-bromosuccinimide and subsequent reductive cyclisation of the resulting exo,exo dibromodinitrile 13 with the zinc-copper couple furnish 3,7-dicyanobarbaralane (2e) in 53% overall yield based on 9. - Treatment of dinitrile 8 with hydrochloric acid in boiling methanol followed by hydrolysis of the intermediate Pinner salt yields the dimethyl dicarboxylate 14 which is brominated to afford the exo,exo dibromo diester 15. Reductive cyclisation of 15 gives rise to the formation of dimethyl 3,7-barbaralanedicarboxylate (2f) in 49% overall yield based on 9. - Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3,7-dione (7) is converted into a mixture of the bis(vinyl sulphones) C2- and Cs-17 (1:1) as described for 9 → 11. Bromination of this mixture yields a single exo,exo dibromo compound 18 which is cyclised by the zinccopper couple to afford 3,7-bis(phenylsulphonyl)barbaralane (2g) in 56% overall yield based on 7. - The known phenyl-2-oxaadamantanol 21a is cleaved by the action of boron trifluoride and acetic anhydride to yield the bicyclo[3.3.1]none-none 22. The difluoroboron complex 23 is obtained under more rigorous conditions. Addition of phenylcerium(III) chloride to 22 followed by dehydration of the endo alcohol 24 yields the diphenyldiene 25. Bromination of 25 and subsequent reductive cyclisation of the exo,exo dibromodiphenyldiene 26 furnish 3,7-diphenylbarbaralane (2h) which is isolated by preparative reversed-phase chromatography in 50% overall yield based on 7. - The configurations and conformations in the crystals are elucidated by X-ray diffraction analyses for the bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives 7, 13, 15, 18, 22-24, and 26 and the barbaralanes 2e-g. In the solid state, 2e and f exist as pairs of rapidly rearranging nonequivalent valence tautomers while the atomic distances observed for 2g indicate the presence of a single nonrearranging valence tautomer.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Autoxidation ; Copolymerisations ; Cyclizations ; Diradicals ; Epoxidations ; Liquid Chromatography ; Oxygen ; Peroxides ; Polycycles ; Radical Reactions ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Addition to the diphenyldiketone 11 of the reagent prepared from rigorously dried cerium(III) chloride and phenyllithium yields the tetraphenyldiol endo,endo-13 after extended periods of time. The configuration of this diol, which was previously assigned the (incorrect) configuration exo,exo-13, is established by an X-ray diffraction analysis. Dehydration of endo,endo-13 with sulphuric acid in acetic acid affords a mixture of the oxatwistane 16 and the tetraphenyldiene 17 (3:1). Only the latter is obtained from endo,endo-13 by the action of boron trifluoride-diethyl ether in dichloromethane solution. While attempts at allylic bromination of 17 with N-bromosuccinimide in conventional solvents inevitably lead to complete decomposition, use of cyclohexane as solvent allows to obtain solutions of allylic dibromides that can be cyclised with the zinc-copper couple to afford tetraphenylbarbaralane 9 in 58% yield based on 17. Thus, 9 is now available from the diphenyldiketone 11 in only three steps with an overall yield of 42%. - The autoxidation of 9, studied in various solvents, yields mixtures of products of which the epoxyendoperoxides 20 and 21, the unsaturated ketone 22, and a labile, probably oligomeric or polymeric product C are isolated in pure form. The structures 21 and 22 are elucidated by X-ray diffraction analysis and independent synthesis, respectively. On warming, 20 rearranges into 21. Traces of acid convert the unknown autoxidation product A instantaneously into the unsaturated ketone 22. - Rate studies show that the autoxidation of 9 starts after a short initiation period. 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol exhibits powerful inhibitory effects. These results demonstrate the free radical nature of the autoxidation of 9. - The results are interpreted in terms of a mechanistic scheme involving initiation of the radical chain by addition of triplet oxygen to 9 to generate the diradical 28 followed by a radical chain 1:1 copolymerisation of 9 and oxygen to produce diradical 29. Eventually, endo addition of oxygen to 29 gives rise to the formation of the epoxyendoperoxides 20 and 21. Intramolecular hydrogen abstraction from the methylene group (C9) is accompanied by cleavage of a bridgehead bond (C1-C2) and the adjacent O-O bond to afford the extremely labile product A (perhaps 32 or 33) which undergoes acid-catalysed elimination to furnish ketone 22.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Diastereoselective Thermal or Acid-catalyzed Rearrangement of N,N′-Dibenzylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines to cis-2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepinesThe trans-N,N′-dibenzylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines t1a-g and t6a,b are obtained in the reaction of the trans-1,2-cyclopropanediamines t4 and t5, respectively, with aromatic aldehydes. In contrast, only the cis-N,N′-disalicylidene-1,2-cyclopropanediamines c1b and c6b can be isolated when the aromatic aldehydes are allowed to react with the cis-1,2-cyclopropanediamines c4 and c5, respectively. In the other cases, the intermediate cis-bisimines isomerize in situ to yield the cis-2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepines c3a-d and 7a, respectively. In [D5]bromobenzene solution, the isolated bisimines t1a, c-e, g and c6b, t6a rearrange above 90°C to give the corresponding dihydrodiazepines c3a, c-e, g and 7a, b, in the neat, molten state above 120°C. Surprisingly, in acetate-buffered methanol solution the dihydrodiazepines c3a, d, are also formed in the reaction of trans-1,2-cyclopropanediammonium bromide (t4 · 2 HBr) with aldehydes at temperatures as low as 20°C. The diastereoselective step of these isomerizations, i. e. the Cope rearrangement of the cis-bisimines c1 and c6, is fast even at 20°C. The cis-bisimines c1 and c6 arise via a thermal or acid-catalyzed trans cis diastereomerization when the sequence starts from trans-1,2-cyclopropanediamine derivatives. All 2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydrodiazepines which were obtained through rearrangement possess exclusively the cis configuration as shown by comparision with the authentic pair of diastereomers c3a, t3a and by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The 1H NMR spectra of the cis-2,3-dihydrodiazepinium cations c3 · H⊕ in trifuoroacetic acid indicate slow ring inversion up to 20-25°C. The free enthalpies of activation for the diastereotopomerization of 2-H and 3-H of the cis- 1,4,6-D3]-2,3-dihydrodiazepinium cations in [D]trifluoroacetic acid range from Δ G≠361≈ 60 (for c3b) to Δ G≠361 = 75.5 kJ/mol (for c3g). Besides slow ring inversion, teh free base c3g as well as the cation c3g · H⊕ exhibit slow rotation of the 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl groups at C3 and C3.
    Notes: Aus den trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiaminen t4 und t5 und aromatischen Aldehyden erhält man die trans-N,N′-Dibenzyliden-1,2-cyclopropandiamine t1a-g bzw. 16a,b. Dagegen lassen sich bei der Umsetzung aromatischer Aldehyde mit den cis-1,2-Cyclopropandiaminen c4 und c5 nur die cis-N,N′-Disalicyliden-1,2-cyclopropandiamine c1b bzw. c6b isolieren. In den anderen Fällen isomerisieren sich die intermediären cis-Bisimine in situ zu den cis-2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepinen c3a-d bzw. 7a. Die isolierten Bisimine t1a,c-e,g und c6b, t6a lassen sich in [D5]Brombenzol erst bei 90°C, in der Schmelze oberhalb 120°C, in die entsprechenden Dihydrodiazepine c3a,c-e,g bzw. 7a,b umlagern. Überraschenderweise entstehen in Acetat-gepuffertem Methanol die Dihydrodiazepine c3a, d auch aus dem trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiammoniumbromid (t4 · 2HBr) und Aldehyd, und zwar schon bei 20°C. Der diastereoselektive Schritt dieser Isomerisierungen ist eine schon bei 20°C rasche Cope-Umlagerung der cis-Bisimine c1 und c6. Diese entstehen durch thermische oder bei 20°C säurekatalysierte trans → cis-Diastereomerisierung, wenn man von trans-1,2-Cyclopropandiamin-Derivaten ausgeht. Alle durch Umlagerung erhaltenen 2,3-Diaryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-diazepine besitzen cis-Konfiguration, was durch Vergleich mit dem authentischen Diastereomerenpaar c3a, t3a und 1H-NMR-spektroskopisch bewiesen wurde. Die 1H-NMR-Spektren der cis-2,3-Dihydrodiazepinium-Kationen c3·H⊕ in Trifluoressigsäure zeigen noch bei 20-25°C langsame Ringinversion an. Die Freien Aktivierungsenthalpien der Diastereotopomerisierung von 2-H und 3-H der cis-[1,4,6-D3]-2,3-Dihydrodiazepiniumkationen in [D]Trifluoressigsäure betragen ΔG313≠ ≈ 60 (c3b bis ΔG≠361 = 75.5 kJ/mol (c3g). Die freie Base c3g und das Kation c3g · H⊕ zeigen neben langsamer Ringinversion auch noch langsame Rotation der beiden 2,4,6-Trimethylphenylgruppen an C2 und C3.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 381-388 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1-Aza- and 1,9-DiazatriptycenesThe polycyclic 1,5-diketone 4 is synthesized via the enamine 2 from ketone 1 and phenyl vinyl ketone (3). On reacting the 1,5-diketone 4 with hydroxylamine the expected ring closure to the 1-azatriptycene 6 competes with a ring cleavage by an anomalous Beckmann rearrangement of the oxime yielding the intermediate nitrile 10 which cyclizes to afford the β-anthracenyl-α-aminopyridine 7. [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of dehydrobenzene, generated by diazotation of anthranilic acid, with the pyrido[3,2-g]quinolines 13a, b produces the diazatriptycenes 15a, b.
    Notes: Aus dem Keton 1 wird via Enamin 2 mit Phenylvinylketon (3) das polycyclische 1,5-Diketon 4 hergestellt. Bei dessen Umsetzung mit Hydroxylamin konkurriert der erwartete Ringschluß zum 1-Azatriptycen 6 mit einer Ringöffnung durch anomale Beckmann-Umlagerung des Oxims 9 zum intermediären Nitril 10, das zum β-Anthracenyl-α-aminopyridin 7 cyclisiert. [4 + 2]-Cycloaddition von Dehydrobenzol, das durch Diazotierung von Anthranilsäure erzeugt wird, mit den Pyrido[3,2-g]chinolinen 13a, b ergibt die Diazatriptycene 15a, b.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 877-887 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 5,10-Bridged Pyrido[3,2-g]quinolines via [4+2] Cycloaddition of Dienophiles to Pyrido[3,2-g]quinolinesIn a Diels-Alder reaction, (E)-1,2-dichloroethene (5a), α-acetoxyacrylonitrile (5b), and maleic anhydride (8), respectively, add to the medium ring of some pyrido[3,2-g]quinolines to afford the 5,10-bridged pyrido[3,2-g]quinolines 6a - c, e, f, and 9a - c, respectively. The regioisomeric α-acetoxyacrylonitrile adducts of 4b arise in a ration of 6e:6f = 94.6. On hydrolysis of this mixture, only ketone 7 is obtained. The structures of all compounds are proven by their proton and carbon-13 spectra.
    Notes: (E)-1,2-Dichlorethen (5a), α-Acetoxyacrylnitril (5b) bzw. Maleinsäureanhydrid (8) addieren sich in einer Diels-Alder-Reaktion an den mittleren Ring einiger Pyrido[3,2-g]chinoline 4 zu den 5, 10-überbrückten Pyrido[3,2g]chinolinen 6a - c, e, f bzw. 9a - c. Die regioisomeren α-Acetoxyacrylnitril-Addukte von 4b entstehen dabei im Verhältnis 6e:6f = 94:6. Durch Hydrolyse erhält man daraus das einheitliche Keton 7. Die Strukturen aller Verbindungen wurden 1H- und 13C-NMR-spektroskopisch bewiesen.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Improved Preparation of Meerwein's Ester and Structure of Neutral By-products: Pentamethyl 1,1,3,3,5-Cyclohexanepentacarboxylate and Methyl 1-PiperidinecarboxylateIn a simplified procedure on a 10 mole scale, Meerwein's ester (2) is obtained from dimethyl malonate and formaldehyde in 48- 52% yield if the reaction time is extended and the disodium salt of 2 is isolated. Methyl 1-piperidinecarboxylate (7) and pentamethyl 1,1,3,3,5-cyclohexanepentacarboxylate (8) are formed as neutral by-products. The structure of the latter is confirmed by spectroscopic methods. The mechanism of formation of 8 is discussed.
    Notes: Auf vereinfachte Weise erhält man Meerwein-Ester (2) aus Malonsäure-dimethylester und Formaldehyd im 10-mol-Maßstab mit 48- 52% Ausbeute, wenn die Reaktionsdauer verlängert und das Dinatriumsalz von 2 isoliert wird. Als neutrale Nebenprodukte entstehen 1-Piperidincarbonsäure-methylester (7) und 1,1,3,3,5-Cyclohexanpentacarbonsäure-pentamethylester (8), dessen Struktur durch spektroskopische Methoden gesichert wird. Der Bildungsmechanismus von 8 wird diskutiert.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1988 (1988), S. 1155-1163 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Improved Synthesis of 2,6-Dicyano-1,5-dimethylsemibullvalene from 1,5-Dimethylbicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-dioneThe 3,7-diketone 6 reacts with thiophenols in the presense of titanium tetrachloride/triethylamine affording equal amounts of the vinyl sulfides C2/Cs-13 in 87-93% yield. Equilibration of the 1:1 mixture of C2/Cs-13 is catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid and produces a 3:1 ratio of C2- and Cs-13. Sodium perborate tetrahydrate in acetic acid oxidizes the vinyl sulfides C2/Cs-13 to the vinyl sulfones C2/Cs-14 in almost quantitative yield. Potassium cyanide supported on aluminium oxide in boiling 2-methyl-2-butanol converts the latter into a mixture of the α,β-unsaturated dinitriles 8, 17, Cs-18, 19, 20 which are separated through chromatography. The major product 8 (yield 45-55%) exchanges the allylic protons on treatment with sodium methoxide in methan-[D]ol yielding [D4]-8. Both dinitriles 8 and [D4]-8 are brominated by N-bromosuccinimide in dichloromethane to afford the exo,exo-4,8-dibromodinitriles 22 and [D2]-22, respectively, which are debrominated by means of the zinc/copper reagent. Thus, a 78-85% yield of the 2,6-dicyanosemibullvalenes 1 and [D2]-1, respectively, is achieved on a 2-g scale.
    Notes: Das 3,7-Diketon 6 reagiert mit Thiophenolen in Gegenwart von Titan(IV)-chlorid/Triethylamin zu gleichen Mengen der Bis(vinylsulfide)C2/Cs-13 (Ausb. 87-93%), die unter Trifluoressigsäure-Katalyse zu einem (3:1)-Gemisch äquilibriert werden. Oxidation von C2/Cs-13 mit Natriumperborat-tetrahydrat in Essigsäure ergibt fast quantitativ die Bis(vinylsulfone) C2/Cs-14. Diese liefern mit Kaliumcyanid auf Aluminiumoxid in siedendem 2-Methyl-2-butanol ein Gemisch der α,β-ungesättigten Dinitrile 8, 17, Cs-18, 19, 20, die chromatographisch getrennt werden. Das Hauptprodukt 8 (Ausb. 45-55%) wird durch Behandeln mit Natriummethanolat in Methan-[D]ol an den Allylpositionen deuteriert. Beide Dinitrile 8 und [D4]-8 werden mit N-Bromsuccinimid in Dichlormethan zu den exo,exo-Dibromdinitrilen 22 bzw. [D2]-22 bromiert. Diese werden mit Zink/Kupfer debromiert, wobei im 2-g-Maßstab mit 78-85proz. Ausbeute die 2,6-Dicyansemibullvalene 1 bzw. [D2]-1 erhalten werden.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1989 (1989), S. 503-513 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: [3.3.3]Propellanecarbonitriles ; Tricyclo[3.3.3.01.5]undecane-3,7-dione ; NBS Bromination ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: [3.3.3]Propelladienedicarbonitriles1)The 3,7-diketone 5 reacts with 4-chlorothiophenol in the presence of titanium tetrachloride/triethylamine to afford equal amounts of the vinyl sulfides C2/C5-6 in 95% yield. Equilibration of the 1:1 mixture of C2/C5-6 is catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid and produces a 3:2 ratio of C2/C5-7 in almost quantitative yield. Potassium cyanide supported on aluminium oxide in boiling 2-methyl-2-butanol converts the latter into a mixture of the α,β-unsaturated dinitriles 1b, 11, 13, and 14, which are separated by chromatography. The intermediates 8 and 10 as well as the products 9 and 12 resulting from the addition of hydrogen cyanide to 1b and 11, respectively, are isolated in the same way. The dinitrile 1b is brominated by N-bromosuccinimide to afford a mixture of endo-15, exo-15, endo,endo-16, endo,exo-16, and 17, most of which are separated by chromatography. The endo-bromodinitrile endo-15 reacts with potassium methoxide in methanol to yield the exo-methoxydinitrile 18. The configuration of the dinitriles endo-15, endo,endo-16, and 18 is established by NOE difference spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses.
    Notes: Das 3,7-Diketon 5 reagiert mit 4-Chlorthiophenol in Gegenwart von Titan(IV)-chlorid/Triethylamin zu gleichen Mengen der Bis(vinylsulfide) C2/C5-6 (65% Ausb.), die unter Trifluoressigsäure-Katalyse zu einem (3:2)-Gemisch äquilibriert werden. Oxidation von C2/C5-6 mit Natriumperborat-tetrahydrat in Essigsäure ergibt fast quantitativ die Bis(vinylsulfone) C2/C5-7. Diese liefern mit Kaliumcyanid auf Aluminiumoxid in siedendem 2-Methyl-2-butanol ein Gemisch der α,β-ungesättigten Dinitrile 1b, 11, 13 und 14, die chromatographisch getrennt werden So werden auch die Zwischenstufen 8 und 10 sowie Folgeprodukte von 1b und 11, nämlich die Trinitrile 9 und 12, isoliert. das Dinitril 1b wird mit N-Bromsuccinimed zu einem Gemisch von endo-15, exo-15, endo,endo-16, endo,exo-16 und 17 bromiert, das größtenteils chromatographisch getrennt wird. Das endo-Bromdinitril endo-15 reagiert mit Kaliummethanolat in Methanol zum exo-Methoxydinitril 18. Die Konfiguration der Dinitrile endo-15, endo,endo-16 und 18 wird durch NOE-Differenz-Spektren und Röntgenstrukturanalyse bewiesen.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Bicyclo[3.3.0]octane, derivatives of ; Pentalene, derivatives of ; 9-Oxatricyclo[3.3.1.02,6]nonane, derivatives of ; Oxanortwistane, derivatives of ; Phenylmetal reagents ; Phenylcuprate reagents ; Phenyllithium-cerium(III) chloride reagent ; 1,2-Addition ; Conjugate addition ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stereochemistry of the Addition of Phenylmetal Reagents to Bicyclo[3.3.0]octanediones and -octadienediones.  -  Synthesis of Phenyl-Substituted Bicyclo[3.3.0]octadienesConjugate addition of dilithium diphenylcyanocuprate is observed only on one side of the dienedione 4b, affording the enedione 5b, but on both sides in the presence of boron trifluoride yielding the diphenyldione 6b. Likewise, the latter reagent gives rise to the formation of 6a from 4a. Phenylcerium(III) dichloride is much superior to phenyllithium and phenylmagnesium bromide in the 1,2 addition reaction to encumbered, enolizeable bicyclo[3.3.0]octanediones. Thus, a mixture of the diols exo,exo-8, exo,endo-8, and endo,endo-8 is formed in almost quantitative yield from the 3,7-dione 7. Furthermore, the diphenyldione 6a is transformed into the tetraphenyldiol 14 in this way and in high yield. The 2,6-dione 11b adds phenylcerium(III) dichloride affording a mixture of the hydroxyketone endo-16, which is inert towards an excess of the reagent, and the diol exo,endo-12b. The inertness of endo-16 is attributed to the formation of the cyclic hemiacetal 20 which eventually is trapped quantitatively by O-silylation with chlorotrimethylsilane in the presence of pyridine. The hydroxyketone endo-16 is dehydrated to give the enone 17 which subsequently is treated with phenylcerium(III) dichloride to form exo- and endo-19. A solution of sulfuric acid in acetic acid dehydrates the tertiary benzyl alcohols 8 (→9 + 10), endo,endo-12a (→ 13a), exo,endo-12b (→ 13b), 14 (→ 15), endo-16 (→ 17), and 19 (→ 13b) in high yields. The same results are achieved even more conveniently with a solution of chlorotrimethylsilane in dichloromethane in the absence of a base. The oxanortwistane 18 is obtained as a byproduct in the dehydration of exo,endo-12b with both reagents. The gross structures of all compounds are based on spectroscopic evidence, in particular NMR spectra. Concentration-independent IR and low-field NMR absorptions of two equivalent hydroxy groups are indicative of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and hence the endo,endo configuration of the diols endo,endo-8, endo,endo-12a, and 14. Eventually, the configurations of 5b, 6b, endo,endo-8, endo,endo-12a, exo,endo-12b, 14, 15, endo-16, and the structure of 18 as well, are established by X-ray diffraction analyses. In the solid state, the bicyclo[3.3.0]-octanols endo,endo-12a, exo,endo-12b, 14, and endo-16 adopt conformations that allow the phenyl groups the occupation of quasi equatorial positions. The optimized procedures described open high-yield routes to phenyl-substituted bicyclo-[3.3.0]octadienes starting from readily available bicyclooctanediones.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: 1,2-Cyclopropanedicarboxylates ; Curtius degradation ; Carbamic acid esters ; Urethanes ; 1,2-Cyclopropanediamines ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclopropanediamines, 4. - Synthesis and 1H-NMR Spectra of Pure Diastereomers of 1,2-Cyclopropanediamines and 1,2-Cyclopropanediammonium DibromidesThe efficient preparation of pure diastereomers of N,N′-(1,2-cyclopropanediyl)diurethanes 16-18 and -diammonium dibromides 4, 19, and 20 is reported. Curtius rearrangement of cis- and trans-1,2-cyclopropandicarboxylic dihydrazides 14 yields di(O-benzyl) diurethanes 16 on a 10-100 g scale. The cis-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic dihydrazides cis-14 tend to form bicyclic products. Thus, from cis-14a a small amount of 22a is obtained besides the diurethane cis-16a. Cyclisation is the main reaction in the case of cis-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic hydrazide (cis-14e) which affords the bicyclic products 22e and 24, but no diurethane. The 1,2-dimethyl-1,2-cyclopropanedicarboxylic acid (27) reacts with diphenyl phosphorazidate to produce the monobenzyl ester 29. The diurethanes 16 are methylated (→ 17) and benzylated (→ 18) at both nitrogen atoms. The benzyloxycarbonyl group is removed from the diurethanes 16-18 by the action of hydrogen bromide in acetic acid to yield the 1,2-cyclopropanediammonium dibromides 4, 19, and 20. The 1H-NMR spectra are analysed and the results are employed as criteria for the configurations.
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