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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1997 (1997), S. 1303-1313 
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: S-Glycosylation, base-promoted, acid-catalyzed ; S-Glycosides ; Anomeric S-alkylation ; Glycosyltrichloroacetimidates ; Lewis X analogues ; Oligosaccharides, thio- ; Carbohydrates ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of thio-linked Lewis X and sialyl Lewis X-derived epitopes 3-5 has been achieved using a small number of building blocks. The key building-block was 1-O-silyl-protected 4-S-acetyl-2,6-di-O-benzoyl-3-S-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-α-L-fucopyranosyl)-3,4-dithio-β-D-glucopyranose (15), which was obtained from the fucosyl donor 6 together with 3-thiogalactose 7 as the acceptor. Their acid-catalyzed S-glycosylation afforded the thio-linked disaccharide 8 which was subsequently converted to the 4a-O-unprotected derivative 12. Conversion to the 4a-triflate followed by treatment with KSAc in tetrahydrofuran led, under inversion of configuration, to 15 in good overall yield. Selective removal of the S-acetyl group followed by base-promoted S-glycosylation with acetobromogalactose gave the acyl-protected Lewis X analogue 25. Acetobromogalactose gave the acyl-protected Lewis X analogue 25. Transformation into trichloroacetimidate 27, followed by acid-catalyzed S-glycosylation of heptylthiol and complete deacylation afforded target molecule 3. Similarly, acid-catalyzed reaction of donor 27 and the 3b,4b-O-unprotected lactose derivative 31 as acceptor led to pentasaccharide 32, complete deacylation of which afforded target molecule 4. Transformation of 15 into the donor trichloroacetimidate 34, followed by acid-catalyzed S-glycosylation of heptylthiol afforded thioglycoside 35. Selective removal of the S-acetyl group and subsequent base-promoted S-glycosylation with the known donor 37 furnished the thio-linked tetrasaccharide 38. Cleavage of all the O-acyl groups and hydrolysis of the methyl ester moiety afforded the sialyl Lewis X analogue 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1995 (1995), S. 2113-2121 
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: C-Saccharides ; C-Glycosides ; C-Lactosamine ; 1-Lithiogalactal ; Vinyllithium ; Branched sugars ; Glucosamine, C-formyl ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4-C-Formyl-2-azidoglucopyranoside 12a, required for N-acetyl-C-lactosamine synthesis as electrophile, was obtained from thexyldimethylsilyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-glucopyranoside 3 via readily available 4-O-unprotected 6a and then 4-C-methylene derivative 8a in overall seven steps. Alternatively, regioselective silylation of 3 with tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride gave 4-O-unprotected 6b which was transformed by a similar reaction sequence into 12a. In order to circumvent a Wittig reaction, 6a was transformed into triflate 13 the reaction of which with 4-C-cyano derivative 14 followed by reduction with DIBAH and base-catalyzed isomerization also afforded 12a. Reaction of 12a with 1-C-lithiated 2-phenylsul-finyl-D-galactal 15 as nucleophile furnished C-disaccharide intermediates 16a and 16b as diastereoisomers. Ensuing removal of the phenylsulfinyl group with Raney nickel and diastereospecific 2b-hydrogen and 3b-hydroxy transfer afforded β(1→4)-connected N-acetyl-C-lactosamines 19a and 19b; their structures were deduced from derivatives 20a, b and 21a, b on the basis of 1H-NMR data. Hydrogenolytic O-debenzylation of 19b afforded hydroxymethylene-bridged N-acetyl-C-lactosamine 2b′.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1997 (1997), S. 865-872 
    ISSN: 0947-3440
    Keywords: Glycosylations, sulfur ; Glycosyl trichloroacetimidates ; Protecting groups, acyl, selective removal of ; Oligosaccharides ; S-Glycosides ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of sulfur-linked GM3 epitope 2 is based on acid-catalyzed and base-promoted S-glycosylation processes. As a precursor, 2-O-benzoyl-3-thiogalactoside 10 was required, and was obtained from 4,6-O-benzylidene-galactoside 3 in six high-yielding steps. Base-promoted S-glycosylation of 10 with neuraminic acid functionalized β-halogenose 11 in the presence of NaH as base and Kryptofix 21 as coactivator afforded α(2-3)-thio-linked disaccharide 13, which was readily converted to α-halogenose 20. Heptyl 1-thioglycoside 22 was obtained from O-galactosyl trichloroacetimidate 21 and heptylthiol via acid-catalyzed S-glycosylation. 22 was transformed into 2,3,6-tri-O-acylgalactoside 26 which, via the 4-O-triflate and treatment with potassium thioacetate, followed by selective removal of the S-acetyl group, furnished the 2,3,6-tri-O-acyl-4-thioglucoside 28. Base-promoted S-glycosylation of 28 with halogenose 20 led to fully acylated target molecule 29, which was quantitatively converted into 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1975 (1975), S. 2033-2037 
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Homoarginine and a Homoarginyl Tetrapeptide AmideA simplified synthesis of homoarginine (Har) is described. This amino acid was used to prepare the peptide Har-Gly-Phe-Phe-NH2. In this synthesis homoarginine was employed in the form of Nα-Boc-NG-NO2-Har-ONp. With these protecting groups homoarginine can also be used for the preparation of other peptides. The sequence synthesized is homologous to the biologically active section Arg-Gly-Phe-Phe (position 22 - 25) of the insulin B-chain.
    Notes: Eine vereinfachte Synthese von Homoarginin (Har) wird beschrieben. Diese Aminosäure wurde dazu verwendet, um das Peptid Har-Gly-Phe-Phe-NH2 aufzubauen. Zu dieser Synthese wurde das Homoarginin in Form von Nα-Boc-NG-NO2-Har-ONp eingesetzt. Mit diesen Schutzgruppen kann Homoarginin auch zur Synthese anderer Peptide verwendet werden. Die synthetisierte Sequenz ist homolog zu der biologisch aktiven Teilsequenz Arg-Gly-Phe-Phe (Position 22 - 25) der B-Kette des Insulins.
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