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Digitale Medien

Activities of carboxylating enzymes in the CAM species Opuntia ficus-indica grown under current and elevated CO2 concentrations (1994)

Israel, Alvaro A. ; Nobel, Park S.

Springer

Photosynthesis research 40 (1994), S. 223-229

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ISSN: 1573-5079

Schlagwort(e): Crassulacean acid metabolism ; CO2 enrichment ; Opuntia ficus-indica ; PEPCase ; Rubisco

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Responses of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) to an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration were determined along with net CO2 uptake rates for the Crassulacean acid metabolism species Opuntia ficus-indica growing in open-top chambers. During the spring 13 months after planting, total daily net CO2 uptake of basal and first-order daughter cladodes was 28% higher at 720 than at 360 μl CO2 l-1. The enhancement, caused mainly by higher CO2 assimilation during the early part of the night, was also observed during late summer (5 months after planting) and the following winter. The activities of Rubisco and PEPCase measured in vitro were both lower at the elevated CO2 concentration, particularly under the more favorable growth conditions in the spring and late summer. Enzyme activity in second-order daughter cladodes increased with cladode age, becoming maximal at 6 to 10 days. The effect ofelevated CO2 on Rubisco and PEPCase activity declined with decreasing irradiance, especially for Rubisco. Throughout the 13-month observation period, O. ficus-indica thus showed increased CO2 uptake when the atmospheric CO2 concentration was doubled despite lower activities of both carboxylating enzymes.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034772

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Digitale Medien

Response ofMatsucoccus thunbergianae males to synthetic sex pheromone and its utilization for monitoring the spread of infestation (1994)

Park, S. C. ; Wi, A. J. ; Kim, H. S.

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 2185-2196

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Matsucoccus thunbergianae ; Homoptera ; Coccoidea ; Margarodidae ; black pine bast scale ; sex pheromone ; attractant ; (2E,4E6R,10R)-4 ; 6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one ; matsuone ; monitoring ; detection

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Attraction of (2E,4E,6R,10R)-4,6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one [1; (6R,10R)-matsuone] and its antipode [2; (6S,10S)-matsuone] toMatsucoccus thunbergianae males was studied in the laboratory and in the field. They showed stronger response to1. In laboratory bioassays, the threshold concentrations for male attraction with1 and2 were 16 fg and 150 pg, respectively. In the field, during the first two days after traps were set, traps baited with 50 µg of1 on rubber septa or filter paper rolls caught more males than control traps. Between the sixth day and the tenth day after traps were set, in a daily trap catch experiment, the traps with 50 µg of1 on filter paper rolls caught more males than control traps on one day only, whereas those on rubber septa were always effective. The shape of the traps did not affect male catches. Males were caught on pheromone traps in locations where no scales were found by the customary detecting procedures.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033196

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Digitale Medien

Recovery of photosynthetic reactions after high-temperature treatments of a heat-tolerant cactus (1988)

Chetti, Mahadev B. ; Nobel, Park S.

Springer

Photosynthesis research 18 (1988), S. 277-286

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ISSN: 1573-5079

Schlagwort(e): CO2 uptake ; high-temperature acclimation ; Opuntia ficus-indica ; photosystems I and II ; whole chain electron transport

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Inhibition and recovery of net CO2 uptake and three photosynthetic electron transport reactions as well as plant survival following high-temperature treatments were investigated for Opuntia ficus-indica. For plants maintained at 30°C/20°C day/night air temperatures, treatment at 60°C for 1 h irreversibly inhibited net CO2 uptake and photosynthetic electron transport, resulting in plant death in about 60 days. When a plant maintained at 30°C/20°C was treated at 55°C for 1 h, net CO2 uptake was completely inhibited 1 d after the treatment but fully recovered in 60 d. Differential inactivation of photosystem (PS) I, PSII, and whole chain electron transport activities occurred; PSI was the most tolerant of 55°C and took the least time (45 d) for total recovery. All 30°C/20°C plants survived a 1-h treatment at 55°C, although some pale green areas were observed on the cladode surfaces. In contrast to growing at 30°C/20°C, plants acclimated to 45°C/35°C survived 60°C for 1 h without showing any necrotic or pale green areas on the cladode surfaces. When such a plant was transferred to 30°C/20°C following the high-temperature treatment, recovery in net CO2 uptake began in 1 d and progressed to complete recovery by 30 d. Growth temperatures thus influence the possibility for recovery of photosynthetic reactions and ultimately the survival of O. ficus-indica following a high-temperature exposure.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034832

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