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  • 1
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    SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 27: Case studies for SeaWiFS calibration and validation, part 3 (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This document provides brief reports, or case studies, on a number of investigations sponsored by the Calibration and Validation Team (CVT) within the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project. Chapter I describes a comparison of the irradiance immersion coefficients determined for several different marine environmental radiometers (MERs). Chapter 2 presents an analysis of how light absorption by atmospheric oxygen will influence the radiance measurements in band 7 of the SeaWiFS instrument. Chapter 3 gives the results of the second ground-based solar calibration of the instrument, which was undertaken after the sensor was modified to reduce the effects of internal stray light. (The first ground-based solar calibration of SeaWiFS is described in Volume 19 in the SeaWiFS Technical Report Series.) Chapter 4 evaluates the effects of ship shadow on subsurface irradiance and radiance measurements deployed from the deck of the R/V Weatherbird 11 in the Atlantic Ocean near Bermuda. Chapter 5 illustrates the various ways in which a single data day of SeaWiFS observations can be defined, and why the spatial definition is superior to the temporal definition for operational usage.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TM-104566-VOL-27 , 95B00084-VOL-27 , NAS 1.15:104566-VOL-27
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Phytoplankton pigments from the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner - Comparisons with surface measurements (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Algorithms are developed for removing aerosol effects in visual data from the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS). The corrected imagery reveals eddy-like ocean circulation patterns. Pigment concentrations from CZCS are compared with surface determinations. CZCS imagery estimates pigment concentration to within 0.5 log C, where C is the sum of the concentrations of chlorophyll a and phaeopigments a
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Science; 210; Oct. 3
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Nimbus-7 coastal zone color scanner - System description and initial imagery (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Initial imagery from the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) shows subtle variations in water color. Organisms, especially phytoplankton, play a major influence on the variations in water color. Processing of the visual data is described, and in particular, the use of an algorithm to remove aerosol from the image is discussed. Data on the six spectral bands (433-12,500 nm) are presented and comparisons are made between the CZCS and the Landsat-1 multispectral scanner. The implications for management of fisheries is noted.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Science; 210; Oct. 3
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Ocean color spectra measured off the Oregon coast - Characteristic vectors (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The ocean color spectrum is defined as the ratio of the spectrum of light upwelled from the sea to the spectrum of light incident on the sea surface. Ocean color spectra, observed from an airplane flown over waters off Oregon, are analyzed. The original spectra are resolved into fifty-five wavelength bands, each 5 nm wide. The shapes of these spectra are parameterized by, and shown to be accurately recoverable from, their first four principal components. These components are the scalar projections of each spectrum on the first four characteristic vectors of the sample covariance matrix. Regression equations are found with which phytoplankton pigment concentration and water transparency may be estimated as linear functions of the principal components. Pigment concentration estimates thus obtained are imprecise. The poor fit is at least partly due to the inappropriateness of the linear regression model and the neglect of other optically important substances typically present in sea water.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 15; Feb. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Color and temperature signatures of ocean fronts observed with the Nimbus-7 CZCS (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner has a unique capability for imaging simultaneously the optical (ocean color) and surface temperature (thermal infrared) signatures of ocean fronts. Examples of such color and temperature visualizations of some ocean fronts delineate virtually identical morphology. In other cases, however, the two signatures are displaced horizontally by tens of km, and display markedly different morphology and fine structure. For example, an image of the Gulf Stream's north wall over the Grand Banks shows the sharpest color front to occur approximately 50 km away from the sharpest temperature front. Moreover, the fine structure of the color front is qualitatively suggestive of disorganized turbulent diffusion, whereas that of the thermal front shows distinctive shear instabilities. These differences can occur because the infrared temperature image represents the top 0.05 millimeter of the sea surface, whereas the ocean color image represents the upper meters to decameters of the sea.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Oceanography from space; May 26, 1980 - May 30, 1980; Venice; Italy
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Characteristics of Antarctic sea ice as determined by satellite-borne microwave imagers (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The electrically scanning microwave radiometers on Nimbus 5 (wavelengths of 1.55 cm) and Nimbus 6 (wavelengths of 0.81 cm) produce images with a resolution of about 30 km. Weekly maps of sea ice coverage are generated, showing the percent of open water in each 2.5 x 2.5 degree cell. More detailed studies of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the sea ice and its interaction with the ocean and the atmosphere are carried out, using 3-day average pseudo-color images and maps of ice boundaries. Features of the Antarctic ice discerned from microwave images are discussed, and the important features of Antarctic currents are illustrated.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: COSPAR, Plenary Meeting; Jun 08, 1976 - Jun 19, 1976; Philadelphia, PA
    Format: text
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