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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (4)
  • OCEANOGRAPHY  (3)
  • 1
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    Intensified silicon photodiode array detector linearity Application to coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The linearity of an intensified silicon photodiode array multichannel detector is studied with coherent anti-Stokes Raman and other similar signals. Studies with diffuse and focused (spherically and cylindrically) signals resolved apparent saturation problems which limit the dynamic range of the detector. In addition, it has been shown that there is no short-range wavelength (473-532-nm) dependence on this saturation. Theoretical explanations for these phenomena are also included.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics (ISSN 0003-6935); 23; 2369-237
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Analysis of ALOPE data from Superflux (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Remote sensing data collected with the airborne lidar oceanographic probing experiment (ALOPE) laser fluorosensor during the Superflux 1 and Superflux 2 experiments were analyzed using two techniques. A qualitative technique which requires no supplementary data provided a near-real-time estimate of relative abundance of the golden-brown and green phytoplankton color groups. Contour plots developed for the later mission are used to demonstrate the utility of this technique. A quantitative technique which requires supplementary data to define the attenuation coefficient provides chlorophyll a concentration by color group. The sum of the golden-brown and green chlorophyll a data yields total chlorophyll a values which may be compared with in situ data. As expected, the golden-brown population was dominant in the Chesapeake Bay and the Bay plume whereas the green population was dominant in shelf waters.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Chesapeake Bay Plume Study; p 405-416
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    CARS temperature measurements in a hypersonic propulsion test facility (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Static-temperature measurements performed in a reacting vitiated air-hydrogen Mach-2 flow in a duct in Test Cell 2 at NASA LaRC by using a coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) system are discussed. The hypersonic propulsion Test Cell 2 hardware is outlined with emphasis on optical access ports and safety features in the design of the Test Cell. Such design considerations as vibration, noise, contamination from flow field or atmospheric-borne dust, unwanted laser- and electrically-induced combustion, and movement of the sampling volume in the flow are presented. The CARS system is described, and focus is placed on the principle and components of system-to-monochromator signal coupling. Contour plots of scramjet combustor static temperature in a reacting-flow region are presented for three stations, and it is noted that the measurements reveal such features in the flow as maximum temperature near the model wall in the region of the injector footprint.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
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  • 4
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    Visible absorbance spectra: A basis for in situ and passive remote sensing of phytoplankton concentration and community composition (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The concentration and composition of phytoplankton populations are measured by an optical method which can be used either in situ or remotely. This method is based upon the in vivo light absorption characteristics of phytoplankton. To provide a data base for testing assumptions relative to the proposed method, visible absorbance spectra of pure cultures of 20 marine phytoplankton were obtained under laboratory conditions. Descriptive and analytical statistics were computed for the absorbance spectra and were used to make comparisons between members of major taxonomic groups and between groups. Spectral variation between the members of the major taxonomic groups was observed to be considerably less than the spectral variation between these groups. In several cases the differences between the mean absorbance spectra of major taxonomic groups are significant enough to be detected with passive remote sensing techniques.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TP-2094 , L-15490 , NAS 1.60:2094
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  • 5
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    Laboratory studies of in vivo fluorescence of phytoplankton (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A lidar system is developed that uses four selected excitation wavelengths to induce chlorophyll 'a' fluorescence which is indicative of both the concentration and diversity of phytoplankton. The operating principles of the system and the results of measurements of phytoplankton fluorescence in a controlled laboratory environment are presented. A comparative study of results from lidar fluorosensor laboratory tank tests using representative species of phytoplankton in single and multispecies cultures from each of four color groups reveals that (1) there is good correlation between the fluorescence of chlorophyll 'a' remotely simulated and detected by the lidar system and in-situ measurements using four similar excitation wavelengths in a flow-through fluorometer; (2) good correlation exists between the total chlorophyll 'a' calculated from lidar-fluorosensor data and measurements obtained by the Strickland-Parsons method; and (3) the lidar fluorosensor can provide an index of population diversity.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: In: Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants; Nov 06, 1977 - Nov 11, 1977; New Orleans, LA
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  • 6
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    Multiwavelength laser induced fluorescence of algae in-vivo - A new remote sensing technique (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In order to accurately determine the quantity of chlorophyll a in living algae by fluorescence spectrometry, either remotely or in the laboratory, the fluorescence excitation cross section must be known. Laboratory fluorescence studies of a number of different algae species representative of the various color groups were performed. These measurements indicate distinct maximum spectral excitation regions which differ from one color group to another. Within each color group, however, the fluorescent properties were nearly identical, regardless of species. These two key features - namely, the similarity of fluorescent properties within a color group, and the distinct spectral differences between color groups - make possible the simultaneous determination of chlorophyll a content of an unknown mixture of phytoplankton and the distribution of chlorophyll a among the various color groups.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Joint Conference on Sensing of Environmental Pollutants; Dec 10, 1973 - Dec 12, 1973; Washington, DC
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  • 7
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    Measurement of chlorophyll a fluorescence with an airborne fluorosensor (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Phytoplankton biomass and diversity among various algal species are important for marine productivity assessments. The spatial heterogeneity of phytoplankton in coastal and estuarine environments complicates estimates of total biomass using conventional surface sampling techniques. Since synoptic or near-synoptic data can be quite useful in these studies, this area is a natural focal point for development of remote sensors. However, it is very difficult to sense phytoplankton density and diversity with spacecraft-borne passive sensors primarily because modulation in the signal due to phytoplankton is of the same order as that of atmospheric effects. The same sensors mounted on aircraft may be able to detect and quantify high concentrations of phytoplankton (blooms), but the current lack of knowledge about the spectral reflectance signatures of the major phytoplankton color groups rules out any diversity measurements by this type of sensor. An active fluorosensor mounted on a low-flying aircraft or helicopter is not limited by any of these constraints. A brief survey of the four currently active systems is presented.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: University of Michigan, International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment; Apr 23, 1979 - Apr 27, 1979; Ann Arbor, MI
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