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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between higher-order data array configurations and problem formulations in multivariate data analysis (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 3 (1989), S. 33-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Higher-order data arrays ; Dimensionality ; Data modelling ; Classification ; Discrimination ; Correlation ; Regression ; Systematics of data analysis ; Opportunities for future developments ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A scaffold for detailed understanding of the concept ‘dimensionality’ in data analysis is furnished by a systematic classification of higher-order data array configurations. Three major types of problem formulation in multivariate data analysis can be characterized for relevant data classes: 1data description (intra-class data structure modelling of inter-object and inter-variable relationships)2classification (inter-class discrimination)3correlation, regression (inter-variable relationships).The relationship between these three categories of data analytical problem formulation and the fundamental data array classification is exposed. These relations are augmented to include the general case of data arrays of order R, and R-way data analysis with the use of bilinear projections is presented. Based upon this, some possible directions for the future development of data analysis may be imagined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180030106
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of hydroxy fatty acids by thermospray liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 22 (1993), S. 302-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thermospray liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry provides a sensitive and convenient technique for the structural analysis of oxygenated polyunsaturates. Analysis of pentafluorobenzyl derivatives in the negative ion mode under the filament- or discharge-on condition generated abundant [M - PFB]- ions. These ions were further fragmented by collision with argon and detected in the negative ion mode. The negative ion fragmentation pattern was examined for various oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acid standards as well as their deuterated and/or hydrogenated forms. Characteristic fragmentation occurs at the oxygenated C—C bonds, allowing unambiguous determination of the sites of oxygenation. The sample amount required is typically in the low tens of nanogram range. Using this method the structures of epoxy, hydroxy derivatives of 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6w3) formed by soybean lipoxygenase were determined. They were 13-hydroxy-16,17-epoxy-22:5w3 and 15-hydroxy-16,17-epoxy-22:5w3.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200220506
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectra of tetramethylammonium-trimethylammonium mixed ion vermiculite clay intercalation compounds (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 21 (1990), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The composition dependence of the Raman spectra of the mixed ion vermiculites [(CH3)4N+]1-x [(CH3)3NH+]x-V (V = vermiculite) have been studied in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1. The torsional mode frequencies exhibit a small shift (ca. 2 cm-1) to lower energy with increasing x and their composition dependence is distinct from that shown by the corresponding modes of Cs1-xRbx-V. These differences are attributed to a variation of the guest-host force constants and in particular to the interactions between the guest ions and the basal oxygens, which depend strongly on the size difference,ΔD, between the guest ion pairs. Using a van der Waals-type force model and the nearest neighbor approximation, the torsional mode frequencies of the pure end-member compounds of the two mixed ion systems discussed above have been successfully accounted for.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250210207
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  • 4
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    Early evaluation of Thematic Mapper data for coastal process studies (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Two sets of TM data taken over the ocean off the coast of the Southeastern U.S. Bight were studied for the applicability of TM data to marine environments. First, the results of applying TM and TMS data to determine chlorophyll concentration in the ocean are presented. Chlorophyll quantification in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mg/cu m was achieved by taking the ratio of TM band-1/band-2. Second, the results of applying TM band-6 data to monitor sea surface temperature are described. A comparison of TM data with AVHRR data shows TM readings coincide with AVHRR data within a scatter of 0.5 deg C in most of the areas studied. Lastly, the results of a technique to map the water depths of coral reefs in the Great Bahama Bank are demonstrated. Depths from 0 to 20 meters were delineated using TM band-1. The classification accuracy and origins of anomalous depth points are discussed.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 5; 5, 19
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    An evaluation of 685 nm fluorescence imagery of coastal waters (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: To evaluate the possible application of sunlight-illuminated fluorescence at 685 nm for remote sensing of phytoplankton concentrations, an ocean-color scanner is flown on an aircraft. The results of an analysis of the scanner data, obtained from a series of test flights conducted along the Elbe River and its estuary in the North Sea, show that 685 nm fluorescence is a promising remote-sensing method. The observation of a strong correlation between the fluorescence yields and the chlorophyll concentrations determined by the absorption method which uses the reflectance ratio of blue/green channels, is discussed. The two methods are compared and it is shown that the fluorescence method has an edge over the other due to the data-processing algorithm and its applicability for surveying bio-resources in all types of water. Photographs of the chlorophyll patterns are presented.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: ESA Journal (ISSN 0379-2285); 9; 1, 19
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Ocean chlorophyll studies from a U-2 aircraft platform (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Chlorophyll gradient maps of large ocean areas were generated from U-2/OCS data obtained over test sites in the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. The delineation of oceanic features using the upward radiant intensity relies on an analysis method which presupposes that radiation backscattered from the atmosphere and the ocean surface can be properly modeled by using a measurement made at 778 nm. The calculation of atmospheric radiance was performed by using a method developed by Dave. An estimation of the chlorophyll concentration is performed by properly ratioing radiances measured at 472 and 548 nm after removing the atmospheric effects. The correlation between the remotely sensed data and the in situ surface chlorophyll measurements has been validated in two sets of data. The results show that the correlation between the in situ measured chlorophyll and the derived quantity is a negative exponential function, and the correlation coefficient was calculated to be -0.965.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; July 20
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The ocean color experiment (OCE) on the second orbital flight test of the Space Shuttle (OSTA-1) (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The Ocean Color Experiment was one of the six remote-sensing experiments which for the first time were launched and successfully operated on board of the second flight of the Space Shuttle during November 1981. The experiment consists of a multispectral image scanner dedicated to the measurement of water color and its interpretation in terms of major water constituents and circulation patterns. The objectives of the experiment, the test site selection, and associated activities are described. The actual mission and results of an initial data analysis is discussed.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: (ISSN 0196-2892)
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Chlorophyll gradient map from high-altitude ocean-color-scanner data (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A chlorophyll density map of an ocean area 25 x 30 km is presented, and the procedure used in generating the map from high-altitude ocean-color-scanner data is discussed. Data were obtained from a ten-channel radiometer on board a U-2 aircraft flying at 19.8 km above the coastal waters of Monterey Bay, California under conditions of clear skies and clear and deep water; the processing algorithms should be useful for satellite data as well. The total radiance measured at high altitude was separated into an atmospheric and sea-surface component and a water component, which is associated with chlorophyll content, for each pixel using the upwelling radiance of a near IR channel to estimate the atmospheric effect. Chlorophyll data were extracted by taking the ratio of the difference of intensities in the 472 and 506 nm channels to the sum of the channels, and are found to agree with shipboard chlorophyll determinations at a depth of 5 m.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 18; Nov. 15
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Initial analysis of OSTA-1 ocean color experiment imagery (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: NASA's Ocean Color Experiment (OCE) was designed to map ocean features with an eight-channel scanning radiometer installed on the second flight of the Space Shuttle Columbia. Digital computer enhancement and band-ratio techniques were applied to radiometrically corrected spectral data in order to emphasize chlorophyll distribution patterns. Such a pattern was evident in the Yellow Sea between Korea and China, and the effects of discharge from the Yangtze and other rivers were also observed. Two scenes, from orbits 30 and 32, revealed the movement of plankton patches in the Gulf of Cadiz. Geometric correction of the images permitted ocean current velocities to be deduced, and water depth variability over the Grand Bahama Bank was estimated by means of OCE's blue-green channel. Bottom-reflected sunlight produced a sensor signal that was inversely related to water depth.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: Science; 218; Dec. 3
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Relationships between chlorophyll density and ocean radiance as measured by U2/OCS: Algorithms, examples and comparison (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An ocean atmosphere radiative transfer process computation method which is suitable for determining lower boundary ocean albedo and other radiation components from spectral measurements of upwelling radiance taken from a high altitude platform is described. The method was applied to a set of color scanner data taken from slope water of the South Atlantic Bight to determine the influence of cholorophyll-a pigments in the sea on the ratio of upwelling radiance to down welling irradiance as a function of wavelength. The resulting chlorophyll concentrations are compared with measurements made by ships stationed along the flight path.
    Keywords: OCEANOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TM-84961 , NAS 1.15:84961
    Format: application/pdf
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