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  • Nitrogen fixation  (22)
  • Springer  (22)
  • Wiley
  • 1980-1984  (22)
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  • Springer  (22)
  • Wiley
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of two granular nematicides on growth and nodulation ofArachis hypogea L. (1982)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 66 (1982), S. 413-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Growth ; Nematicide ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nodulation ; Peanut ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effect of two granular nematicidesviz. oxamyl and fenamiphos, on the nodulation and growth of Rhizobium inoculatedArachis hypogaea L. was studied in glasshouse and field trials. In the glasshouse trial at the suggested rates of application shoot fresh weight was significantly reduced by oxamyl whilst root fresh weight was similarly affected by fenamiphos. In the field trial vegetative growth and plant emergence were significantly reduced by both nematicides. Nodulation at the higher rates of application was increased by both oxamyl and fenamiphos whilst oxamyl caused a significant increase in pod number at the highest rate of application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02183808
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-inoculation specificity ofPsophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC (1981)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 60 (1981), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Legumes ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nodulation ; Winged beans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Only legumes of the cowpea cross-inoculation group, including the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) were found to form nodules in a temperate zone soil with no previous history of legume cropping. Isolates from root nodules from uninoculated winged beans grown in the field only nodulated legumes in the cowpea cross-inoculation group.Rhizobium japonicum formed ineffective nodules with the winged bean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02377119
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between cyanobacterium and fungus during 15N2-incorporation and metabolism in the lichen Peltigera canina (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 134 (1983), S. 136-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Ammonia assimilation ; Lichen symbioses ; Nitrogen fixation ; 15N kinetics ; Peltigera canina
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract On following N2-incorporation and subsequent metabolism in the lichen Peltigera canina using 15N as tracer, it was found, over a 30 min period, that greatest initial labelling was into NH 4 + followed by glutamate and the amide-N of glutamine. Labelling of the amino-N of glutamine, aspartate and alanine increased slowly. Pulse-chase experiments using 15N confirmed this pattern. On inhibiting the GS-GOGAT pathway using l-methionine-dl-sulphoximine and azaserine, 15N enrichment of glutamate, alanine and aspartate continued although labelling of glutamine was undetectable. From this and enzymic data, NH 4 + assimilation in the P. canina thallus appears to proceed via GS-GOGAT in the cyanobacterium and via GDH in the fungus; aminotransferases were present in both partners. The cyanobacterium assimilated 44% of the 15N2 fixed; the remainder was liberated almost exclusively as NH 4 + and then assimilated by fungal GDH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407946
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Whole cell respiration and nitrogenase activities in Azotobacter vinelandii growing in oxygen controlled continuous culture (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 134 (1983), S. 68-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Azotobacter vinelandii ; Continuous culture ; Oxygen control ; Nitrogen fixation ; Respiratory protection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Azotobacter vinelandii strain OP was grown in continuous culture at various dissolved oxygen concentrations of air (100% air saturation of the medium=225 ±14 μM O2). Sucrose was added as carbon source and either dinitrogen or ammonia as nitrogen sources. Irrespective of the nitrogen source steady state cultures showed the following general responses with dissolved oxygen concentrations increasing from about 1% to 30% air saturation: (i) cell protein levels, (ii) the amount of cell protein formed per sucrose consumed as well as (iii) nitrogenase activity decreased by at least a factor of two while (iv) cellular respiration increased. At higher oxygen concentrations the parameters changed only slightly, if at all. Increasing the sucrose concentration in the inflowing medium (s R) from 3 g/l to 15 g/l increased the total level of cellular respiration with nitrogen-fixing cultures but was more pronounced with ammonium-assimilating cultures. With nitrogen-fixing cultures cell protein levels increased five-fold while the ratio of protein formed per sucrose consumed as well as cellular nitrogenase activity remained unaffected. With ammonium-assimilating cultures the cell protein level was only doubled and the level of cell protein formed per sucrose consumed was decreased at the higher s R. Increasing the dilution rate at a constant oxygen concentration of 45% air saturation resulted in an almost parallel increase of both cellular respiratory and nitrogenase activity at low and moderate dilution rates. At high dilution rates nitrogenase activity increased steeply over the respiratory activity. Nitrogen-fixing cultures adapted to various oxygen concentrations were subjected to oxygen stress by increasing the oxygen concentration for 7 min. In all cases, this resulted in a complete inhibition (‘switch-off’) of nitrogenase activity. Upon restoration of the original oxygen concentration nitrogenase activity returned to a decreased level. The discussion arrives at the conclusion that some of the results are incompatible with the concept of respiratory protection of nitrogenase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429410
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organisation of nodulation and nitrogen fixation genes on a Rhizobium trifolii symbiotic plasmid (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 139 (1984), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Rhizobium trifolii ; Symbiosis ; Nodulation ; Nitrogen fixation ; Symbiotic genes ; Reiterated sequences ; Plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A Rhizobium trifolii symbiotic plasmid specific gene library was constructed and the physical organisation of regions homologous to nifHDK, nifA and nod genes was determined. These symbiotic gene regions were localised to u 25 kb region on the sym-plasmid, pPN1. In addition four copies of a reiterated sequence were identified on this plasmid, with one copy adjacent to nifH. No rearrangement of these reiterated sequences was observed between R. trifolii bacterial and bacteroid DNA. Analysis of a deletion derivative of pPN1 showed that these sequences were spread over a 110 kb region to the left of nifA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401991
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relative levels of guanosine 5′-diphosphate 3′-diphosphate (ppGpp) in some N2 fixing bacteria during derepression and repression of nitrogenase (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 128 (1981), S. 341-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrogen fixation ; Regulation ; Guanosine 5′-diphosphate 3′-diphosphate (ppGpp)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Addition of ammonium to N2 fixing cultures of Azotobacter vinelandii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Clostridium pasteurianum rapidly reduced the intracellular levels of guanosine 5′-diphosphate 3′-diphosphate (ppGpp) by 70–90%. This change might reflect a regulatory role of ppGpp in nitrogen metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422542
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen uptake deficient mutants of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 136 (1983), S. 20-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Hydrogen production ; Nitrogen fixation ; Hydrogen recycling ; Hydrogenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutants of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata lacking uptake hydrogenase activity have been isolated among those unable to grow photoautotrophically. Studies with these mutants showed increases in nitrogenase mediated H2 production from all substrates tested. In addition, photosynthetic synthetic growth on N2 with malate as carbon source was not affeced by the block in H2 uptake even under low light. Under these growth conditions hydrogen was observed to accumulate in mutant but not in wild-type cultures. This finding suggested that H2 was evolved by nitrogenase during N2 fixation by this photosynthetic bacterium and was efficiently recycled in the wild type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00415604
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    15N2 Incorporation and metabolism in the lichen Peltigera aphthosa Willd (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 152 (1981), S. 544-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Ammonium assimilation ; Lichens ; Nitrogen fixation ; Peltigera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Nostoc in the cephalodia of the lichen Peltigera aphthosa Willd. fixed 15N2 and the bulk of the nitrogen fixed was continuously transferred from it to its eukaryotic partners (a fungus and a green alga, Coccomyxa sp.). Kinetic studies carried out over the first 30 min, after exposure of isolated cephalodia to 15N2, showed that highest initial 15N2-labelling was into NH 4 + . After 12 min little further increase in the NH 4 + label occurred while that in the amide group of glutamine and in glutamate continued to increase. The 15N-labelling of the amino group of glutamine and of aspartate increased more slowly, followed by an increase in the labelling of alanine. When total incorporation of 15N-label was calculated, the overall pattern was found to be rather similar except that, throughout the experiment, the total 15N incorporated into glutamate was about six times greater than that into the amide group of glutamine. Pulse chase experiments, in which 14N2 was added to cephalodia previously exposed to 15N2, showed that the NH 4 + pool rapidly became depleted of 15N-label, followed by decreases in the labelling of glutamate, the amide group of glutamine and aspartate. The 15N-labelling of alanine, however, continued to increase for a period. When isolated cephalodia were treated with L-methionine-SR-sulphoximine, an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2), and azaserine, an inhibitor of glutamate synthase (EC 2.6.1.53), there was no detectable labelling in glutamine although the 15N-labelling of glutamate increased unimpaired. On treating the cephalodia with amino-oxyacetate, an inhibitor of aminotransferase activity, the alanine pool decreased. Evidence was obtained that glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase were located in the Nostoc, and that glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.4) and various amino-transferases were located in the cephalodial fungus. Possible implications of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380825
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of lime additions to acid strip-mine spoil on survival, growth and nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) of several woody legume and actinomycete-nodulated species (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 79 (1984), S. 353-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Acetylene reduction ; Actinomycete-nodulated ; Legume ; Lime ; Mine spoil ; Nitrogen fixation ; Reclamation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary An acid mine spoil in Southern Indiana was amended with lime (CaCO3) (0.0, 12.5, 25 and 39t/ha) and planted withElaegnus umbellata Thunb.,Alnus glutinosa Gaertn.,Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Robinia fertilis Ashe, ‘Arnot’,Myrica pensylvania Lois,Caragana arborescens L. andShepherdia argentea Nutt. Survival and soil data were collected periodically and plants were harvested 15 months after planting. Nodule and top dry weights were determined and acetylene reduction assays performed on the nodules. Addition of lime caused significant increases in pH, and 39 t/ha of lime were required to maintain a pH above 5.5. Survival of plant material was greatest at the highest lime addition, although response of individual species varied.Elaeagnus umbellata, R. pseudoacacia, R. fertilis ‘Arnot’, andA. glutinosa appeared more tolerant of the harsh conditions. OnlyC. arborescens showed a linear increase in top dry weight due to lime addition.Alnus glutinosa andS. argentea achieved statistically the same growth regardless of pH, andR. fertilis ‘Arnot’ andE. umbellata did not increase in top dry weight above an addition of 25 t/ha.Robinia pseudoacacia achieved maximum top dry weight at 25 t/ha, whereasM. pensylvanica growth declined with increasing pH. Nodule dry weights increased with increasing pH; however,S. argentea showed greater nodule dry weights at lower lime levels. Acetylene reduction rates increased with lime addition.Elaegnus umbellata did not respond above 25 t/ha lime, whereasA. glutinosa did not show an increase until this point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184328
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the ultrastructure ofFrankia sp. in root nodules ofDatisca cannabina L. (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 79 (1984), S. 383-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Datisca cannabina ; Frankia ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The fine structures of the microsymbiont inside the root nodules ofDatisca cannabina have been studied by light, by transmission- and by scanning-electron microscopy. The endophyte is prokaryotic and actinomycetal in nature. The hyphae are septate and branched, diameter 0.3–0.5 μm. The tips of hyphae are swollen to form electron-dense, clubshaped to filamentous vesicles, ranging in diameter: 0.4–1.4 μm. The endophyte penetrates through walls of the cortial cells. The infected zone is kidney shaped and confined to one side of the acentric stele. The orientation of infection is reversed from other actinorhizae exceptCoriaria. The hyphae are near the host cell wall and vesicles are directed towards the central vacuole. Vesicles are aseptate and no collapsing of the vesicle cell wall (void area) has been observed. Vesicle clusters structures are globular with an opening at one side of the cluster. The host cell is multinucleate or contains a lobed nucleus. Groups of mitochondria are located in between the hyphae, suggesting a strong association between the host and the endophyte for energy supply and amino acid production. The consequences of the inability to separate the mitochondria from the vesicle clusters in nodule homogenates in physiological studies have been discussed. Isolated vesicles clusters showed dehydrogenase activity, indicated by the presence of formazan crystals, after incubation with NADH and NBT. Strongest reducing activity was found within the vesicles. The possible role of filamentous vesicles in nitrogen fixation has been discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184330
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