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  • 1
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    Georgia Institute of Technology research on the Gas Core Actinide Transmutation Reactor (GCATR) (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The program reviewed is a study of the feasibility, design, and optimization of the GCATR. The program is designed to take advantage of initial results and to continue work carried out on the Gas Core Breeder Reactor. The program complements NASA's program of developing UF6 fueled cavity reactors for power, nuclear pumped lasers, and other advanced technology applications. The program comprises: (1) General Studies--Parametric survey calculations performed to examine the effects of reactor spectrum and flux level on the actinide transmutation for GCATR conditions. The sensitivity of the results to neutron cross sections are to be assessed. Specifically, the parametric calculations of the actinide transmutation are to include the mass, isotope composition, fission and capture rates, reactivity effects, and neutron activity of recycled actinides. (2) GCATR Design Studies--This task is a major thrust of the proposed research program. Several subtasks are considered: optimization criteria studies of the blanket and fuel reprocessing, the actinide insertion and recirculation system, and the system integration. A brief review of the background of the GCATR and ongoing research is presented.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Princeton Univ. Partially Ionized Plasmas, Including the 3rd Symp. on Uranium Plasmas; p 255-262
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  • 2
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    UF6 breeder reactor power plants for electric power generation (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The reactor concept analyzed is a U-233F6 core surrounded by a molten salt (Li(7)F, BeF2, ThF4) blanket. Nuclear survey calculations were carried out for both spherical and cylindrical geometries. Thermodynamic cycle calculations were performed for a variety of Rankine cycles. A conceptual design is presented along with a system layout for a 1000 MW stationary power plant. Advantages of the gas core breeder reactor (GCBR) are as follows: (1) high efficiency; (2) simplified on-line reprocessing; (3) inherent safety considerations; (4) high breeding ratio; (5) possibility of burning all or most of the long-lived nuclear waste actinides; and (6) possibility of extrapolating the technology to higher temperatures and MHD direct conversion.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Princeton Univ. Partially Ionized Plasmas, Including the 3rd Symp. on Uranium Plasmas; p 248-254
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  • 3
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    Gas core reactors for actinide transmutation and breeder applications (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: This work consists of design power plant studies for four types of reactor systems: uranium plasma core breeder, uranium plasma core actinide transmuter, UF6 breeder and UF6 actinide transmuter. The plasma core systems can be coupled to MHD generators to obtain high efficiency electrical power generation. A 1074 MWt UF6 breeder reactor was designed with a breeding ratio of 1.002 to guard against diversion of fuel. Using molten salt technology and a superheated steam cycle, an efficiency of 39.2% was obtained for the plant and the U233 inventory in the core and heat exchangers was limited to 105 Kg. It was found that the UF6 reactor can produce high fluxes (10 to the 14th power n/sq cm-sec) necessary for efficient burnup of actinide. However, the buildup of fissile isotopes posed severe heat transfer problems. Therefore, the flux in the actinide region must be decreased with time. Consequently, only beginning-of-life conditions were considered for the power plant design. A 577 MWt UF6 actinide transmutation reactor power plant was designed to operate with 39.3% efficiency and 102 Kg of U233 in the core and heat exchanger for beginning-of-life conditions.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-156179
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  • 4
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    Analysis of the Gas Core Actinide Transmutation Reactor (GCATR) (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Design power plant studies were carried out for two applications of the plasma core reactor: (1) As a breeder reactor, (2) As a reactor able to transmute actinides effectively. In addition to the above applications the reactor produced electrical power with a high efficiency. A reactor subsystem was designed for each of the two applications. For the breeder reactor, neutronics calculations were carried out for a U-233 plasma core with a molten salt breeding blanket. A reactor was designed with a low critical mass (less than a few hundred kilograms U-233) and a breeding ratio of 1.01. The plasma core actinide transmutation reactor was designed to transmute the nuclear waste from conventional LWR's. The spent fuel is reprocessed during which 100% of Np, Am, Cm, and higher actinides are separated from the other components. These actinides are then manufactured as oxides into zirconium clad fuel rods and charged as fuel assemblies in the reflector region of the plasma core actinide transmutation reactor. In the equilibrium cycle, about 7% of the actinides are directly fissioned away, while about 31% are removed by reprocessing.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-155221
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  • 5
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    Gas core reactors for actinide transmutation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The preliminary design of a uranium hexafluoride actinide transmutation reactor to convert long-lived actinide wastes to shorter-lived fission product wastes was analyzed. It is shown that externally moderated gas core reactors are ideal radiators. They provide an abundant supply of thermal neutrons and are insensitive to composition changes in the blanket. For the present reactor, an initial load of 6 metric tons of actinides is loaded. This is equivalent to the quantity produced by 300 LWR-years of operation. At the beginning, the core produces 2000 MWt while the blanket generates only 239 MWt. After four years of irradiation, the actinide mass is reduced to 3.9 metric tonnes. During this time, the blanket is becoming more fissile and its power rapidly approaches 1600 MWt. At the end of four years, continuous refueling of actinides is carried out and the actinide mass is held constant. Equilibrium is essentially achieved at the end of eight years. At equilibrium, the core is producing 1400 MWt and the blanket 1600 MWt. At this power level, the actinide destruction rate is equal to the production rate from 32 LWRs.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-158498
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  • 6
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    A fractal analysis of quaternary, Cenozoic-Mesozoic, and Late Pennsylvanian sea level changes (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Sea level changes are related to both climatic variations and tectonic movements. The fractal dimensions of several sea level curves were compared to a modern climatic fractal dimension of 1.26 established for annual precipitation records. A similar fractal dimension (1.22) based on delta(O-18/O-16) in deep-sea sediments has been suggested to characterize climatic change during the past 2 m.y. Our analysis indicates that sea level changes over the past 150,000 to 250,000 years also exhibit comparable fractal dimensions. Sea level changes for periods longer than about 30 m.y. are found to produce fractal dimensions closer to unity and Missourian (Late Pennsylvanian) sea level changes yield a fractal dimension of 1.41. The fact that these sea level curves all possess fractal dimensions less than 1.5 indicates that sea level changes exhibit nonperiodic, long-run persistence. The different fractal dimensions calculated for the various time periods could be the result of a characteristic overprinting of the sediment recored by prevailing processes during deposition. For example, during the Quaternary, glacio-eustatic sea level changes correlate well with the present climatic signature. During the Missourian, however, mechanisms such as plate reorganization may have dominated, resulting in a significantly different fractal dimension.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 98; B12; p. 21963-21967
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  • 7
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    Application of X-ray imaging techniques to auroral monitoring (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The precipitation of energetic particles into the ionosphere produces bremsstrahlung X-rays and K-alpha line emission from excited oxygen and nitrogen. If viewed from a spacecraft in a highly elliptical polar orbit, this soft (0.3 - 3.0 keV) X-radiation will provide an almost uninterrupted record of dayside and nightside auroras. A grazing incidence X-ray telescope especially designed for such auroral monitoring is described. High photon collection efficiency will permit exposure times of approximately 100 seconds during substorms. Spectrophotometry will allow users to derive the energy spectrum of the precipitating particles. If placed in a 15 earth-radius orbit, the telescope can produce auroral X-ray images with 30 km resolution. Absolute position of X-ray auroras can be established with a small optical telescope co-aligned with the X-ray telescope. Comparison of X-ray and optical images will establish the height and global distribution of X-ray aurorae, relative to well-known optical auroras, thus melding the new X-ray results with knowledge of optical auroras.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Symposium on the Effect of the Ionosphere on Radiowave Systems; Apr 14, 1981 - Apr 16, 1981; Washington, DC
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  • 8
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    The UF6 Breeder - A solution to the problems of nuclear power (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: One of the major advantages of uranium hexafluoride reactors for power generation is the simplified fuel reprocessing scheme which the gaseous fuel makes possible. Critical experiments related to the development of the reactors for electric power generation are discussed along with UF6 breeder reactor studies. Previous energy conversion studies are reported, taking into account gas turbine power plants, thermionic conversion, and MHD conversion. Thermodynamic cycle analyses show that high efficiencies can be achieved using UF6 as the working fluid for Rankine or Brayton cycles without requiring excessive temperatures.
    Keywords: NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS
    Type: Energy 10; Annual Intersociety Energy Conversion and Engineering Conference; Aug 18, 1975 - Aug 22, 1975; Newark, DE
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  • 9
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    Application of ERTS-1 imagery to state wide land information system in Minnesota (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: There are no author-identified significant results in this report.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E74-10682 , NASA-CR-139247
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