ISSN:
1573-1472
Keywords:
NLMSFD
;
Wind waves
;
Second-order closure schemes
;
Wave age
;
Growth rate parameter
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Geosciences
,
Physics
Notes:
Abstract A nonlinear numerical model is developed for turbulent boundary-layer flowover a train of water waves of finite amplitude or slope. The airflow isassumed to be steady, two-dimensional, and neutrally-stratified. The wavesurface is assumed to be aerodynamically rough and flow conditions at thewave surface are prescribed. The numerical model used in this study adoptsthree turbulence closure schemes with different degrees of physicalcompleteness. Two of these are second-order schemes, whichare believed to describe turbulent flow more completely than thesimpler closures used in most previous studies. Although models with all turbulence closures agree qualitatively in the prediction of the amplitude of the surface normal stress perturbation, the lower- and higher-order closures differ significantly in predictions of phase, and hence the form drag and energy transfer rate between wind and waves. Our model results are in reasonable agreement with field and laboratory measurements, although predicted energy transfer rates are generally at the low end of the range of experimental values. Cases with airflow at various angles to the wave direction are also considered.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002677312259
Permalink
