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  • Meteorology and Climatology  (4)
  • Space Sciences (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration  (1)
  • 1
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    Water-Ice Clouds in the LMDs Martian General Circulation Model (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: The interest for Martian water ice clouds has recently taken a new extent given their likely involvement both in climate and in the hydrological cycle. Previous related microphysical studies have already discussed the complex interactions between airborne dust and clouds [2]. Whereas water ice mantles upon dust cores enhance sedimentation rates and thus possibly change the vertical distribution of dust and water, the advection of clouds by winds could also modulate the geographical distribution of volatiles. Within this context, only 3D modeling based on the use of Martian General Circulation Models (MGCM) is able to give us a consistent clue of the global climatic aspects of Martian clouds.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Sixth International Conference on Mars; LPI-Contrib-1164
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    History and Progress of GCM Simulations on Recent Mars Climate Change (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The Mars Global Surveyor and Odyssey spacecraft reveal evidence that Mars may have experienced significant climate change in the recent past (105-106 Myr ago). Examples include gullies [1], cold-based tropical glaciers [2], paleolakes [3], and youthful near-surface ice [4]. Except for the gullies, the evidence for recent climate change requires ice and/or liquid water at low latitudes. An obvious question, therefore, is how is it possible for ice and/or liquid water to exist at low latitudes which is not possible in the present climate system? There are several mechanisms to consider. An episode of intense volcanic activity could alter the mean composition of the atmosphere and, therefore, the climate system. Impacts, depending on the size, composition, and velocity of the impactor are another way to dramatically alter the climate system. Polar wander and solar variability are also possibilities. However, the most promising way to change the climate is through changes in orbital properties. Mars, because of its proximity to Jupiter and lack of a large stabilizing moon, experiences much greater changes in its orbit properties than the Earth.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Special Session: Mars Climate Change; LPI-Contrib-1197
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  • 3
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    History and Progress of GCM Simulations on Recent Mars Climate Change (2004)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: The Mars Global Surveyor and Odyssey spacecraft reveal evidence that Mars may have experienced significant climate change in the recent past (10(exp 5) - 10(exp 6) Myr ago). Examples include gullies, cold-based tropical glaciers, paleolakes, and youthful near-surface ice. Except for the gullies, the evidence for recent climate change requires ice and/or liquid water at low latitudes. An obvious question, therefore, is how is it possible for ice and/or liquid water to exist at low latitudes which is not possible in the present climate system? There are several mechanisms to consider. An episode of intense volcanic activity could alter the mean composition of the atmosphere and, therefore, the climate system. Impacts, depending on the size, composition, and velocity of the impactor are another way to dramatically alter the climate system. Polar wander and solar variability are also possibilities. However, the most promising way to change the climate is through changes in orbital properties. Mars, because of its proximity to Jupiter and lack of a large stabilizing moon, experiences much greater changes in its orbit properties than the Earth.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV: Special Session: Mars Climate Change; LPI-Contrib-1197
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  • 4
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    The Modern Near-Surface Martian Climate: A Review of In-Situ Meteorological Data from Viking to Curiosity (2017)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We analyze the complete set of in-situ meteorological data obtained from the Viking landers in the 1970s to todays Curiosity rover to review our understanding of the modern near-surface climate of Mars, with focus on the dust, CO2 and H2O cycles and their impact on the radiative and thermodynamic conditions near the surface. In particular, we provide values of the highest confidence possible for atmospheric opacity, atmospheric pressure, near-surface air temperature, ground temperature, near-surface wind speed and direction, and near-surface air relative humidity and water vapor content. Then, we study the diurnal, seasonal and interannual variability of these quantities over a span of more than twenty Martian years. Finally, we propose measurements to improve our understanding of the Martian dust and H2O cycles, and discuss the potential for liquid water formation under Mars present day conditions and its implications for future Mars missions.
    Keywords: Space Sciences (General); Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN41536 , Space Science Reviews (ISSN 0038-6308) (e-ISSN 1572-9672); 1-44
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  • 5
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    Multiyear Simulations of the Martian Water Cycle with the Ames General Circulation Model (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: Mars atmosphere is carbon dioxide dominated with non-negligible amounts of water vapor and suspended dust particles. The atmospheric dust plays an important role in the heating and cooling of the planet through absorption and emission of radiation. Small dust particles can potentially be carried to great altitudes and affect the temperatures there. Water vapor condensing onto the dust grains can affect the radiative properties of both, as well as their vertical extent. The condensation of water onto a dust grain will change the grain s fall speed and diminish the possibility of dust obtaining high altitudes. In this capacity, water becomes a controlling agent with regard to the vertical distribution of dust. Similarly, the atmosphere s water vapor holding capacity is affected by the amount of dust in the atmosphere. Dust is an excellent green house catalyst; it raises the temperature of the atmosphere, and thus, its water vapor holding capacity. There is, therefore, a potentially significant interplay between the Martian dust and water cycles. Previous research done using global, 3-D computer modeling to better understand the Martian atmosphere treat the dust and the water cycles as two separate and independent processes. The existing Ames numerical model will be employed to simulate the relationship between the Martian dust and water cycles by actually coupling the two cycles. Water will condense onto the dust, allowing the particle's radiative characteristics, fall speeds, and as a result, their vertical distribution to change. Data obtained from the Viking, Mars Pathfinder, and especially the Mars Global Surveyor missions will be used to determine the accuracy of the model results.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: Sixth International Conference on Mars; LPI-Contrib-1164
    Format: text
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