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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (4)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A two dimensional time dependent finite difference grid cloud model is discussed. The model simulates atmospheric motions, potential temperature, water vapor, cloud liquid, cloud ice, rain and small hail. Lateral boundary conditions are open allowing flow in and out of the model domain. Various amounts of convergence were simulated to test the effects on cloud initiation and development. Soundings were run and results discussed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA(MSFC FY-84 Atmospheric Processes Res. Rev.; p 183-184
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The effects on microbursts of precipitation loading, and cooling of the downdraft due to graupel/hail melting and rain evaporation, were studied, using numerical models. The results for the microburst index indicate a low value for the weak microburst and a higher value for the strong microburst. The relative magnitude of the various terms indicate the importance of the microphysical processes. For the dry microburst the evaporation and loading effects are comparable (1.56 and 1.75 respectively) but 5 to 6 times the magnitude of the melting effect. For a wet, tropical microburst, the loading and melting terms are most important. The intermediate Denver case shows loading as the largest term, followed by evaporation and melting.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Deutscher Wetterdienst, Annals from the German Meteorological Society. No. 25: 10th International Cloud Physics Conference Preprints, Volume 2; p 675-677
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Radar observations and model results are used to investigate the microphysical evolution of an isolated, intense storm observed on July 20, 1988 during the Microburst and Severe Thunderstorm experiment. The storm grew to a height of 14 km and upon collapsing, produced heavy rain, pea-sized hail, and a microburst at the surface. The radar observations indicate that the initial precipitation development was by collision-coalescence. As the storm intensified, accretional growth became dominant leading to rapid precipitation development. Radar-derived rainfall rates peaked around 150 to 190 mm/h. Each morning during the experiment, a two-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model, initialized with the morning sounding, was run. The model results from the July 20 sounding are compared to the radar observations. Good agreement is shown in some aspects of the storm development, although the numerical simulation predicted a more vigorous storm than actually developed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 46; 601-620
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Several atmospheric soundings have been used as initial conditions in the Institute of Atmospheric Sciences' two-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model and resulted in a wide range of microbursts, some very wet and some nearly dry. Observations confirm the occurrence of at least three of the microbursts and give good comparisons of the intensity, upper-level convergence, downdraft, and other microburst characteristics. The effects of the liquid and ice microphysics are examined quantitatively. Precipitation loading, graupel/hail melting, and rain evaporation are all shown to be important. Evaporation and milting are, in general, the most dominant effects.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Atmospheric Research (ISSN 0169-8095); 24; 343-357
    Format: text
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