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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The annual mean and four monthly means are calculated for the global ocean wind stress fields. The main data base was gathered by observations along continental coasts and on shipping routes, expressed in terms of the monthly mean speed, eight direction categories, and the rms of the speeds. The stress fields were estimated by assuming a Gaussian distribution for the speed frequency distribution histogram. The resulting data set is concluded useful for general circulation modeling, although the 5 deg resolution could lead to an underestimation of the curl.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Monthly Weather Review (ISSN 0027-0644); 111; 1554-156
    Format: text
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Han et al. (1982) have found in a previous numerical study of terrain-induced mesoscale motions that the orography caused a steady-state flow pattern to occur. The study was concerned with a simplified case in which no surface heating occurred. The present investigation considers an extension of this study to the more realistic case of a heated, growing daytime mixed layer containing horizontal variations of potential temperature as well as velocity. The model is also extended to include three layers above the mixed layer. It is found for a heated, growing mixed layer, that the mesoscale form drag is a thermal-anomaly or buoyancy effect associated with horizontal variations of potential temperature within the layer.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (ISSN 0022-4928); 41; 1420-144
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Numerical integrations using a potential enstrophy-conserving scheme are presented for the flow within a mixed layer over hilly terrain using the hydrostatic shallow-water equations with a quadratic drag law. The mesoscale area treated is 150 km on a side; cyclic lateral boundary conditions are used. It is found that for the idealized conditions treated (no surface heating, no entrainment and no pressure adjustments aloft), the topography quickly induces a steady state flow pattern by means of surface friction. Unsteadiness does not occur unless a surface-friction Reynolds number is greater than approximately 100. Effects of varying the Rossby number, Froude number and terrain-height parameter are examined.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 39; Nov. 198
    Format: text
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