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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (5)
  • Solar Physics  (1)
  • 1
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    Meteorological satellite accomplishments (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Meteorological satellites include experimental satellites operated by NASA and operational satellites operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The operational system currently provides pictures of the entire globe, temperature measurements throughout the world, and wind measurements in selected parts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Aspects of vertical sounding are discussed along with questions of parameter extraction technique development, macroscale phenomena, the heat budget of the earth-atmosphere system and the climate, and studies of ocean surface and hydrology.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics; 13; July 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Meteorological applications of remote sensing from satellites (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Current and promising future contributions to meteorology from satellite-borne sensors are discussed, with emphasis on performance and the limitations thereto. The discussion covers (1) synoptic meteorology, where satellite observations of clouds provide measures of winds, cyclogenesis, and rainfall estimation; (2) atmospheric profiling, wherein vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, and certain gaseous constituents are provided; (3) radiation budget or the energy exchange between the earth and the space-sun environment; and (4) surface features of importance to meteorology-temperature, soil moisture, and sea ice coverage.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: IEEE; vol. 63
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Microwave radiometry and hybrid precipitation measurements (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: It was necessary to identify the most promising measurement techniques and strategies and to understand those candidate systems in detail. The emphasis was on passive microwave remote-sensing techniques. A brief background in passive microwave and hybrid techniques for measuring precipitation, key problem areas and strategies for dealing with those problems, a precipitation measurement system, and specific recommendations are presented.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Precipitation Meas. from Space:; 11 p
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Meteorological satellites (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An overview is presented of the meteorological satellite programs that have been evolving from 1958 to the present, and plans for the future meteorological and environmental satellite systems that are scheduled to be placed into service in the early 1980's are reviewed. The development of the TIROS family of weather satellites, including TIROS, ESSA, ITOS/NOAA, and the present TIROS-N (the third generation operational system) is summarized. The contribution of the Nimbus and ATS technology satellites to the development of the operational-orbiting and geostationary satellites is discussed. Included are descriptions of both the TIROS-N and the DMSP payloads currently under development to assure a continued and orderly growth of these systems into the 1980's.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-80704
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Visions of the future operational meteorological satellite system (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Visionary concepts of the operational environmental satellite system of the 1990's are presented. These exploit planned and anticipated advances in technology. The system comprises 8 Low Earth Orbitors (LEOS) at 500 km height for global coverage at 3 hourly intervals and 3 Geosynchronous Earth Orbitors (GEOS) for Western Hemisphere coverage with stereo capability and near simultaneous viewing of several regional areas. The LEOS emphasize passive and active microwave and Lidar sensing; the GEOS focus on high resolution visible and IR imaging and passive soundings. The GEOS also serve as data relays from the LEOS and as data collection platforms for hazard-related data. An integrated data management system ties the space fleet together and blends the data with that from all other observing systems to process and distribute the data and products to all users.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: EASCON ''78; Electronics and Aerospace Systems Convention; Sep 25, 1978 - Sep 27, 1978; Arlington, VA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Infrared and Reflected Solar Radiation Measurements from the TIROS 2 Meteorological Satellite (1961)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: TIROS II contains instrumentation for measuring infrared and reflected solar radiation from the earth and its atmosphere. A medium resolution scanning radiometer and a low resolution non-scanning radiometer are employed. The satellite's spin provides the scan line of the medium resolution radiometer which is then advanced by the orbital motion. The spatial resolution is about 40 miles square when the earth directly beneath the satellite is viewed. The five channels employ bolometer detectors and filters to limit the spectral responses to five bands: 6 to 6.5 microns, 8 to 12 microns, 0.2 to 6 microns, 8 to 30 microns, and 0.55 to 0.75 microns. These five bands study, respectively: radiation in the water vapor absorption band; day and nighttime cloud cover; albedo; thermal radiation; and visual maps for comparison with satellite vidicon pictures. The low resolution non-scanning radiometer measures the earth's black-body temperature and albedo. Its field when viewing directly below is a circle of 450 miles diameter, covering part of each frame from the wide-field television camera. This radiometer consists of two thermistors, each in the apex of a reflective cone which provides optical gain. One thermistor is black and responds to both thermal and reflected solar radiation. The second responds to thermal but reflects solar radiation. The design, calibration, performance, and data reduction for both systems are discussed herein.
    Keywords: Solar Physics
    Type: NASA-TN-D-1096
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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