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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (6)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (3)
  • LASERS AND MASERS  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Doppler effect induced small spectral line shifts measured by modified duochromator in MPD arc jet
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from an intercomparison of techniques to measure tropospheric levels of carbon monoxide (CO) are discussed. The intercomparison was conducted as part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) and was held at Wallops Island, VA, in July 1983. Instruments intercompared included a laser differential absorption method and three grab sample/gas chromatograph methods. The intercomparison consisted of simultaneous measurements of ambient levels of CO and controlled injections of CO from a common manifold. Results from the techniques exhibited a high degree of correlation among themselves and with changes in the CO mixing ratio. The results suggested a level of agreement among the techniques of about 15 percent. However, a day-to-day bias between the techniques was observed, which resulted in differences between techniques as large as 38 percent.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Results from an intercomparison of techniques to measure tropospheric levels of nitric oxide (NO) are discussed. The intercomparison was part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Tropospheric Experiment and was conducted at Wallops Island, VA, in July 1983. Instruments intercompared included a laser-induced fluorescence system and two chemiluminescence instruments. The intercomparisons were performed with ambient air at NO mixing ratios ranging from 10 to 60 pptv and NO-enriched ambient air at mixing ratios from 20 to 170 pptv. All instruments sampled from a common manifold. The techniques exhibited a high degree of correlation among themselves and with changes in the NO mixing ratio. Agreement among the three techniques was placed at approximately + or - 30 percent. Within this level of agreement, no artifacts or species interferences were identified.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: NASA has initiated the Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) for the study of the chemistry of the global troposphere. One phase of GTE, Chemical Instrumentation Test and Evaluation (CITE), is concerned with the development and validation of measurement techniques for trace species which play important roles in the tropospheric chemical cycles. In connection with CITE 1 an intercomparison of instruments is conducted for the measurement of CO, NO, and OH. These species have been identified as critical for an understanding of homogeneous gas-phase chemistry in the troposphere. The present paper provides an operational overview of the first of three instrument intercomparison field missions conducted as part of GTE/CITE 1. The missions include one ground-based and two airborne missions, and were designed to characterize current capability of measuring ambient levels of CO, NO, and OH.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 90; 12
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Ultrahigh resolution (0.007 per cm) atmospheric solar absorption spectra that have been obtained from a tunable infrared heterodyne radiometer are discussed. The radiometer was developed for ground based observations in the 8-12 micron region, and tunability is achieved through the use of Pb-salt semiconductor laser local oscillators. Spectra have been obtained in a piecewise fashion from 9.1 to 11.1 microns using laser emission modes that exhibit characteristics suitable for local-oscillator operation. Spectra showing absorption features of HNO3, O3, CO2, and H2O are presented along with comparisons of experimental and synthetic spectra calculated using a line-by-line atmospheric transmission model.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Optical Engineering; 21; Mar
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A tunable diode laser heterodyne radiometer was developed for ground based measurements of atmospheric solar absorption spectra in the 9 to 12 micron spectral range. The performance and operating characteristics of this tunable infrared heterodyne radiometer (TIHR) is discussed along with recently measured heterodyne solar absorption spectra in the 10 to 11 micron spectral region.
    Keywords: LASERS AND MASERS
    Type: Heterodyne Systems and Technol., Pt. 1; p 209-220
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The Arctic Boundary Layer Expedition (ABLE) 3B used data from ground-based, aircraft, and satellite platforms to characterize the chemistry and dynamics of the troposphere in subarctic and Arctic regions of midcontinent and eastern Canada during July - August 1990. This paper reports the experimental design for ABLE 3B and a brief overview of results. The detailed results are presented in a series of papers in this issue. The chemical composition of the atmospheric mixed layer over remote tundra, boreal wetland, and forested environments was influenced by emissions of CH4 and nonmethane hydrocarbons from biogenic sources, emissions of gases and aerosols from local biomass burning, and transport of pollutants into the study areas from urban/industrial sources. Minimum concentrations of both trace gas and aerosol species in boundary layer air were associated with Arctic source areas. In the free troposphere the biospheric influence was undetectable, and major sources of chemical variability were related to long-range transport of pollutants into the study areas from biomass burning and industrial sources in Alaska and the Great Lakes regions, respectively. Minimum concentrations of both trace gas and aerosol species in the free troposphere were associated with a persistent, widespread air mass which both chemistry and air mass trajectory analyses suggested had originated in the tropical Pacific. Subsidence of air from the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere frequently enhanced ozone and influenced other trace gas and aerosol species at midtropospheric altitudes. The North American Arctic is a complex dynamical and chemical environment with considerable spatial and temporal variability in aerosol and trace gas concentrations. The use of atmospheric chemical indicators for climate change detection will require a much more comprehensive Arctic monitoring program than currently exists.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 99; D1; p. 1635-1643
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A tunable-diode-laser radiometer with a spectral resolution of 0.007/cm was used to obtain IR solar absorption spectra in the 9.1-11.1 micron region. Spectra exhibiting absorption by HNO3, CO2, O3, and H2O were obtained in a piecewise manner using emission modes from a single Pb-salt laser local oscillator. The measured spectra were compared to synthetic atmospheric spectra calculated using a line-by-line model. The results demonstrate that high-resolution IR solar absorption spectroscopy and atmospheric extinction measurements can be routinely performed over wide spectral regions using semiconductor lasers.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Atmospheric transmission; Apr 21, 1981 - Apr 22, 1981; Washington, DC
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: This paper describes the overall experimental design for the Amazon Boundary Layer Experiment (ABLE 2B), which used data from aircraft, ground-based, and satellite platforms to characterize the chemistry and dynamics of the lower atmosphere over the Amazon Basin during wet season conditions in April-May 1987. The ABLE 2B focused on determining the spatial and temporal scales of variability in trace gases and aerosols in the lower and midtroposphere over the Amazonian rain forest during wet season conditions, and assessing the role of local-to-regional atmospheric scales of motion on determining the distribution of atmospheric chemical species and their photochemical environment. A summary of the results from the combined ABLE 2A and ABLE 2B are presented.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 95; 16721-16
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-08-27
    Description: The rationale and program design for the NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment (GTE) are described. The GTE is intended to characterize the global tropospheric chemistry and its interaction with the stratosphere, the land, and the ocean. The program emphasis is laid on the potential global impact of human activities, particularly those which release CH4, N2O, and chlorofluorocarbons into the atmosphere. Specific tasks defined thus far include characterizing the tropospheric gas-phase chemistry of OH, NO, and NO2, determining concentrations and distributions of CO, CH4, O3, and N2O, as well as halogens, trace metals, and reduced sulfur species. Techniques are needed for measuring the chemical fluxes between earth surface sources and sinks, the boundary layer, the free troposphere, and the stratosphere. The first phase of the GTE will be to test and develop techniques and assay the detection limits for OH, NO, and NO2 and assess the reliability of laboratory calibrations. Improvements in modelling global-scale tropospheric processes will also be pursued.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: EOS (ISSN 0096-3941); 64; 561-563
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