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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanistic studies on the Reactions of Cis-Diaquobis (Biguanide)Chromium(III) ion with 2,2′-dipyridyl and 1,10-phenanthroline (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 424 (1976), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Untersuchungen der Mechanismen der Reaktionen des cis-Diaquobis(biguanid)-Chrom(III)-Ions mit 2.2′-Dipyridyl und 1.10-PhenanthrolinKinetische Untersuchungen in wäßriger Lösung über den Austausch der Wasser-Liganden im cis-[Cr(BigH)2(OH2)2]3+ (BigH = Biguanid, C2H7N5) durch 2.2′-Dipyridyl bzw. 1.10-Phenanthrolin (phen) unter Bildung von [Cr(BigH)2(AA)]3+ (AA = dipy bzw. phen) wurden spektralphotometrisch durchgeführt.
    Notes: Kinetic studies in aqueous solution on the replacement of the aqua ligands in cis-[Cr(BigH)2(OH2)2]3+ (BigH = biguanide, C2H7N5) by 2,2′-dipyridyl (dipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) forming [Cr(BigH)2(AA)]3+ (AA = dipy or phen) have been made spectrophotometrically. In both the cases the reaction proceeds by a path purely first-order with respect to the ligand. From the values of the rate constant at four different temperatures, values of the activation parameters, ΔH≠ and ΔS≠, have been evaluated for each system. The results are consistent with a mechanism involving outer-sphere association of the reactants followed by transformation of the outer-sphere complex in a dissociative process.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19764240114
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monohydroxytrifluoroborates and double fluoroborates (1970)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 379 (1970), S. 106-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird die Darstellung von Hydroxotrifluoroboraten von Rb, Cs, (CH3)4N+, Nitron, Ni2+, Ni(py)42+ und Co(NH3)63+ beschrieben. Darüber hinaus wurden neuartige 1 : 1-Doppelsalze aus Tetrafluoro- und Hydroxotrifluoroborat erhalten. Von einigen dieser Salze werden Röntgenpulver- und IR-Daten mitgeteilt.
    Notes: The preparation of monohydroxotrifluoroborates of rubidium, cesium, tetramethylammonium, nitron, nickel, tetrapyridine nickel and hexammine cobalt(III) is described. Besides, a new series of double salts, comprising one mole tetrafluoroborate and one mole of monohydroxotrifluoroborate of the same cation, are described. The X-ray and IR-spectra of some of these salts are reported.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19703790118
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex Carbonates of Chromium(III) (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 404 (1974), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Komplex-Carbonate des Chrom(III)Durch Mischen von Cr(III)-Lösungen mit Lösungen von (NH4)2Co3 oder KHCO3 werden tieffarbige Lösungen und mit NaHCO3 ein Niederschlag erhalten. Das Spektrum von Cr(NO3)3 (violett) gelöst in 35proz. KHCO3-Lösung zeigt Absorptionsmaxima bei 430 und 580 nm, wogegen Cr(NO3)3 (violett) Absorptionsmaxima bei 410 und 575 nm hat. Die Lösung von Cr(III) in 20proz. KHCO3-Lösung wurde durch Ionenaustausch untersucht. Die Komplex-Carbonate des Chroms (Formeln siehe Abstract) wurden dargestellt und thermogravimetrisch untersucht sowie die IR-Spektren aufgenommen und Bandenzuordnungen vorgenommen.
    Notes: On adding chromium(III) solution to solutions of (NH4)2CO3 or KHCO3, deep coloured solutions are obtained, whereas, in the case of NaHCO3 a precipitate is obtained. The spectrum of chromium(III) nitrate (violet) dissolved in KHCO3 (35%) solution shows maximum absorbances at 430 and 580nm, whereas the spectrum for chromium(III) nitrate (violet) shows maximum absorbances at 410 and 575 nm. The chromium(III) solution dissolved KHCO3 (20%) is studied by ion exchange method. The complex carbonates of chromium (III), viz., (i) (NH4)2[Cr2(OH)4(CO3)2] · H2O, - (ii) K7[Cr4(OH)9(CO3)5] · 6 H2O, - (iii) Na3[Cr2(OH)5(CO3)2] · 4 H2O, - (iv) NH4[Co(NH3)6] [Cr3(OH)7(CO3)3] · 4 H2O, and (v) K6[Co(NH3)6]2[Cr2(OH)4(CO3)3]3 are isolated and studied by thermogravimetry. The infrared spectra of these compounds are recorded and probable band assignments made.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744040107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxofluorovanadates(V). I. Monooxopentafluorovanadates and monooxotetrafluorovanadates (1971)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 384 (1971), S. 251-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird über die Darstellung der Monooxopentafluorovanadate(V) MI2VOF5 von Kalium, Ammonium und Åthylendiamin sowie der Monooxotetrafluorovanadate(V) MIVOF4 von Natrium, Pyridin, α Picolin, Chinolin, Guanidin, Äthylendiamin, α,α′-Dipyridyl und o-Phenanthrolin berichtet. Die Tetrafluoroverbindungen des Natriums, Chinolins und α,α′-Dipyridyl wurden IE-spektroskopisch charakterisiert (700-4000 cm-1), und bei (py · H)VOF4, (Chinolin · H)VOP4 und (α,α′-Dipyridyl · H2) (VOF4)2 wurde thermogravimetrisch unreines V2O5 als Endprodukt der thermischen Zersetzung an Luft beobachtet.
    Notes: The preparation of potassium, ammonium and ethylenediamine monooxopentafluorovanadates and of pyridine, α-picoline, quinoline, guanidine, ethylenediamine, α,α′-dipyridyl, o-phenanthroline and sodium monooxotetrafluorovanadates are reported. Infrared spectra of NaVOF4 · 0.7 HaO, (quinoline · H)(VOF4) and (α-α′-dipyridyl · H2) (VOF4)2 have been recorded (700-4000 cm-1). Thermogravimetric study up to 450°C of (pyridine · H)(VOF4), (quinoline H)(VOF4) and (α,α′-dipyridyl · H2)(VOP4)2 show that in all cases impure V2O5 is the ultimate product on heating.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19713840309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxofluorovanadates(V). II Dioxodifluorovanadates (1971)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 384 (1971), S. 255-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ammonium-, Natrium-, Hexamminkobalt (III) und Åthylendiaminium-dioxofluorovanadat(V), MIVO2F2. wurden dargestellt und durch Röntgenpulveraufnahmen, IR-Spektrum und im Falle des NH4-Salzes-Thermogravimetrie charakterisiert.
    Notes: The syntheses of ammonium, sodium, hexamminecobalt(III) and ethylene-diamine dioxodifluorovanadate(V), MIVO2F2, are reported. Their x-ray powder diffraction data are different from those of the corresponding tetrafluoroborates and perchlorates. Their infrared spectra have been recorded (700-4000 cm-1), and probable band assignments made. The ammonium dioxodifluorovanadate has been studied through thermogravimetry, and the composition of an intermediate product is discussed from its chemical analysis and infrared spectrum.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19713840310
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxofluorovanadates(V). III. Dioxotrifluorovanadates (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 390 (1972), S. 61-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Darstellung der Dioxitrifluorovanadate, MI2 (VO2F3)(M = Na+, NH+4, 1/2Ni2+) und MII(HVO2F3)2· xH2O (M = Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+) wird beschrieben. Leitfähigkeitsmessungen von K2VO2F3 in verschiedener Konzentration deuten auf eine Dissoziation 2K+-und VO2F2-3-Ionen.
    Notes: Preparation of the salts of the series dioxotrifluorovanadates, M2I (VO2F3), where M = Na+, NH+4, 1/2Ni2+ and MII(HVO2F3)2· xH2O where M = Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ are described. Molecular conductivity measurement of potassium dioxotrifluorovanadate(V), K2VO2F3, at different dilutions indicates that it dissociates primarily into 2K+ and VO2F2-3 ions.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19723900108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxofluorovanadates(V). IV. Dioxotetrafluorovanadates (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 390 (1972), S. 311-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Es werden die Darstellung und die Eigenschaften der Salze M3IVO2F4 (M = NH4+, Na+, K+, 1/2 Ni2+ 1/3 [Co(NH3)6]3+) beschrieben. Aus Leitfähigkeitsmessungen von Na3VO2F4 in verschiedener Konzentration wird auf eine Dissoziation in 3 Na+- und VO2F43--Ionen geschlossen. Der Ionenaustausch von (NH4)3VO2F4-Lösung am Kationenaustauscher (H+-Form) zeigt, daß die entsprechende Säure zum Teil zu V2O5 zerfällt. (NH4)3VO2F4, reagiert mit BaCl2- und AgNO3- Lösungen unter Bildung von BaVO2F3 bzw. AgVO3. Röntgen-Untersuchungen sind an (NH4) VO2F4- und Na3VO2F4-Pulvern durchgeführt worden.
    Notes: Preparation and properties of the salts of the series MI3VO2F4, where M = NH4+, Na+, K+, 1/2 Ni2+, and 1/3 [Co(NH3)6]3+ are described. Molecular conductivity of Na3VO2F4 at different dilutions indicates that Na3VO2F4 dissociates into 3 Na+ and VOaF43- ions. Ion exchange study of (NH4)3VO2F4 solution through cation exchange resin (H+ form) suggests that the corresponding acid decomposes partly to vanadium pentoxide. Reaction between (NH4)3VO2F4 with BaCl2 and AgNO3 solutions shows the formation of BaVO2F3 and AgVO3 respectively. Thermogravimetric study of (NH4)3VO2F4 shows the formation of impure vanadium pentoxide as the ultimate product on heating up to 450°C. X-ray powder diffraction data are given for (NH4)3VO2F4 and Na3VO2F4.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19723900311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex Carbonates of Iron(III) (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 403 (1974), S. 327-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Komplex-Carbonate des Eisen (III).Komplex-Carbonate des Eisen(III) (Formeln siehe Abstract) wurden dargestellt und thermogravimetrisch untersucht. Das Eisen liegt hier im Anion des Komplexes vor, und die Lösungen dieser Komplexe haben ein Absorptionsmaximum bei 460 nm. Die IR-Spektren wurden aufgenommen und Bandenzuordnungen vorgenommen. Die Reaktion zwischen KHCO3 und Fe(NO3)3 wurde mit chemischen und physikalischen Methoden untersucht.
    Notes: The complex carbonates of iron(III) are shown to be anionic in nature. The solutions containing these complexes show a maximum absorbance at 460 nm. The complex carbonates of iron(III), viz., (i) K6[Fe2(OH)2(CO3)5] · H2O,  -  (ii) Na2[Fe3O2(OH)3(CO3)2],  -  (iii) K[Co(NH3)6]2[Fe3(OH)4(CO3)6],  -  (iv) K5[Co(NH3)6]3[Fe3(OH) 4(CO3)6]2,  -  (v) K[Co(NH3)6][Fe2(OH)4(CO3)3], and (vi) NH4[Co(NH3)6][Fe2(OH)4(CO3)3] are isolated and studied by thermogravimetry. The infrared spectra of these compounds are recorded and probable band assignments made. Besides, the reaction between KHCO3 and Fe(NO3)3 was studied through chemical and physicochemical methods.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19744030312
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  • 9
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    Cloud field classification based on textural features (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: An essential component in global climate research is accurate cloud cover and type determination. Of the two approaches to texture-based classification (statistical and textural), only the former is effective in the classification of natural scenes such as land, ocean, and atmosphere. In the statistical approach that was adopted, parameters characterizing the stochastic properties of the spatial distribution of grey levels in an image are estimated and then used as features for cloud classification. Two types of textural measures were used. One is based on the distribution of the grey level difference vector (GLDV), and the other on a set of textural features derived from the MaxMin cooccurrence matrix (MMCM). The GLDV method looks at the difference D of grey levels at pixels separated by a horizontal distance d and computes several statistics based on this distribution. These are then used as features in subsequent classification. The MaxMin tectural features on the other hand are based on the MMCM, a matrix whose (I,J)th entry give the relative frequency of occurrences of the grey level pair (I,J) that are consecutive and thresholded local extremes separated by a given pixel distance d. Textural measures are then computed based on this matrix in much the same manner as is done in texture computation using the grey level cooccurrence matrix. The database consists of 37 cloud field scenes from LANDSAT imagery using a near IR visible channel. The classification algorithm used is the well known Stepwise Discriminant Analysis. The overall accuracy was estimated by the percentage or correct classifications in each case. It turns out that both types of classifiers, at their best combination of features, and at any given spatial resolution give approximately the same classification accuracy. A neural network based classifier with a feed forward architecture and a back propagation training algorithm is used to increase the classification accuracy, using these two classes of features. Preliminary results based on the GLDV textural features alone look promising.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Old Dominion Univ., NASA/American Society for Engineering Ed; Old Dominion Univ.,
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Analysis of stratocumulus cloud fields using LANDSAT imagery: Size distributions and spatial separations (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Stratocumulus cloud fields in the FIRE IFO region are analyzed using LANDSAT Thematic Mapper imagery. Structural properties such as cloud cell size distribution, cell horizontal aspect ratio, fractional coverage and fractal dimension are determined. It is found that stratocumulus cloud number densities are represented by a power law. Cell horizontal aspect ratio has a tendency to increase at large cell sizes, and cells are bi-fractal in nature. Using LANDSAT Multispectral Scanner imagery for twelve selected stratocumulus scenes acquired during previous years, similar structural characteristics are obtained. Cloud field spatial organization also is analyzed. Nearest-neighbor spacings are fit with a number of functions, with Weibull and Gamma distributions providing the best fits. Poisson tests show that the spatial separations are not random. Second order statistics are used to examine clustering.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA, Langley Research Center, FIRE Science Results 1988; p 277
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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