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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (538)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (300)
  • 1985-1989  (818)
  • 1935-1939  (20)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: tubulin genes ; microtubules ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Microtubules are important components of the cytoskeleton of plant cells and play key roles in plant growth and morphogenesis. Recent molecular studies have begun to elucidate the structure and expression of plant genes coding for the major components of microtubules, α- and β-tubulin. Tubulin amino acid sequences deduced from the DNA sequences of eight higher plant tubulin genes are 79-87% homologous with constitutively expressed mammalian tubulins. The genome of the model plant system Arabidopsis thaliana contains four dispersed α-tubulin sequences and at least seven β-tubulin sequences, only two of which appear to be linked. Of the five A. thaliana genes whose expression has been analyzed, the transcripts of one α-tubulin and one β-tubulin gene are constitutively expressed in roots, leaves, and flowers. A second α-tubulin gene is expressed predominately in flowers; the transcripts of the second and third β-tubulin genes are found predominately in leaves or in roots, respectively.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: elastase inhibitors ; β-lactams ; lung damage ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Human polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMN elastase) is inhibited by L-659, 286 (7α-methoxy-8-oxo-3-[[(1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,4-triaz-in-3-yl)thio]methyl]-5-thia-1-aza-6R-bicyclo [4.2.O]oct-2-ene-2-pyrrolidine carboxamide-5,-dioxide) with a Ki of 0.4 μM. This inhibition is time-dependent, rapid, and only slowly reversible, with a t1/2 of 〉 3 days at 25°C. L-659, 286 is also highly selective for PMN elastase, as it does not inhibit thrombin, trypsin, papain, plasmin, chymotrypsin, or cathepsin G. L-659, 286 administered intratracheally inhibits lung damage caused by administration via the same route of human PMN elastase into hamsters. In marmosets, L-659, 286 is cleared from blood very rapidly after an intravenous injection but is recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for several hours after intratracheal administration.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The history of minimum temperatures at 50 and 70 mb is examined from NMC, UK Met O and ECMWF analyses. MSU channel 24 data are similarly inspected. South Pole sonde data are used to calculate saturation humidity mixing ratio as a function of altitude and time throughout 1987. Saturation with respect to ice could be maintained for water mixing ratios of 3.5 ppmv for a period of about 80 days from mid-June to mid-September. Dehydration to mixing ratios of 1 ppmv or less was possible sporadically. Data from the ER-2 flights between 53 S and 72 S are used in conjunction with particle size measurements and air parcel trajectories to demonstrate the dehydration occurring over Antarctica. Water mixing ratios at the latitude of Punta Arens (53 S), in conjunction with tracer measurements and trajectory analysis, show that at potential temperatures from about 325 to 400 K, the dryness (less than 3 ppmv) had its origin over Antarctica rather than in the tropics. Water mixing ratios within the Antarctic vortex varied from 1.5 to 3.8 ppmv, with a strong isentropic gradient being evident in the region of high potential vorticity gradients.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 94; 11317-11
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (ISSN 0739-0572); 3; 67-74
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A description of the ER-2 lidar data characteristics and available products, plus flight times and locations is presented for the FIRE cirrus experiment of October 13 through November 2, 1986. The CALS airborne lidar was flown for this experiment on the NASA ER-2 high altitude aircraft. The primary objectives of the CALS observations were to intensively measure cirrus cloud top height and structure for basic cirrus studies and for validation of satellite cloud retrievals.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-100704 , NAS 1.15:100704
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 140 (1989), S. 549-557 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Entry times for spherical (no pseudopods) polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into a 4 μm micropipet have been measured as a function of pipet suction pressure (2,500-20,000 dyn/cm2) and concentration of the drug pentoxifylline (PTX, 0.1-10.0 mM). For control cells (0 mM PTX), entry rates (reciprocal entry times) increased almost linearly with increasing suction pressure, indicating a Newtonian-like behavior. With incubation in PTX solutions, entry rate vs. suction pressure became increasingly non-linear, suggesting a shear-thinning effect for the dissipative structure. At a given suction pressure the rate of entry showed a dose-dependent increase with increasing PTX concentration, the effect being most pronounced at high suction pressures (20,000 dyn/cm2). Also, with increasing PTX concentration two other effects were observed: (i) there was a decreased incidence of cells that displayed pseudopodia, and (ii) there was an increased incidence of cells forming hernias and an increased streaming of cell cytoplasm during aspiration. The first observation points to a down-regulation of the cell's functional ability to “activate” in response to surface/chemical stimuli, and the second indicates that both the cortical and cytoskeletal networks are weakened either by disruption and/or reduction in density of the protein polymers. These observations are in line with other recently published experiments which suggest that the rheological effects of pentoxifylline on PMNs may be associated with the state of actin.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 11 (1985), S. 349-365 
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; mammalian ; fertilization ; mammalian ; nucleus ; spermatozoon ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: bull ; semen ; fluorophore ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A dual fluorescent staining system utilizing 5 (and-6)-carboxy-4′,5′-dimethyl fluorescein diacetate (CDMFDA) and Hydroethidine (HED) was developed to provide quantifiable information reflective of spermatozoal viability and fertilizing potential. Cryopreserved spermatozoa from ten bulls on which there was fertilizing capacity information were incubated for 1.5, and 3 hr at 39°C prior to fluorogenic staining. Spermatozoa were analyzed using both a FACS Analyzer and an EPICS V flow cytometer to determine if a particular fluorescence pattern was due to an instrumental artifact or cellular processes. Five fluorescent cellular populations were identified by the FACS Analyzer and three populations by the EPICS V. Spermatozoa were quantified after each incubation time for red (HED) and green (CDMFDA) fluorescence. Viable spermatozoa retained the greatest amount of both green and red fluorescence. Dead or moribund spermatozoa had a decrease in over-all fluorescence. The number of viable cells at 0 hr plus the number of dead or morbid cells at any time period were identified by the FACS Analyzer as important in estimating the potential fertility of a bull. The EPICS V identified the number of dead or moribund cells as being related to nonreturn rates. Incubation of samples decreased cellular viability, which resulted in reduced levels of both green and red fluorescence. Similarities between data obtained with both flow cytometers illustrated that cellular processes, not instrumental artifacts, were responsible for the decrease in over-all fluorescence when viability declined, the relationship between the number of cells with specific fluorescence levels and nonreturn rates, and the incubative-induced changes in fluorescence patterns.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 18 (1987), S. 153-162 
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: sperm ; phospholipid ; neutral lipid ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Sperm-rich semen and washed porcine spermatozoa were incubated for up to 2 hr either in utero in the presence of oviduct fluid or in vitro at 37°C. Sperm lipids were extracted and separated into phospholid and neutral lipid fractions. Eleven phospholipid and five neutral lipid fatty acids were identified and quantified using GC and GC-MS. The percentage of 22:5n6, the major phospholipid fatty acid, decreased slightly but significantly during 1.5 hr of in utero incubation (41.2-38.0%), but after 2.0 hr of in utero incubation no significant difference was observed (40.0%). None of the phospholipid fatty acids changed in concentration during in vitro incubation. The mole ratio of phospholipid to phospholipid fatty acid (1.00:1.27) did not change during incubation. The levels of neutral lipid-bound 14:0 decreased (43.5% to 31.8%) and that of 18:0 increased (11.1% to 18.2%) during in utero incubation. Similar but less pronounced changes were observed during in vitro incubation. (43.5% to 36.0%; and 11.1% to 15.8%, respectively).Two major sterols, cholestrol (73%) and desmosterol (27%) were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mole ratio of phospholipid to sterol (2.47:1:00) did not change during incubation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 19 (1988), S. 31-39 
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: embryo development ; ethylene oxide ; toxicity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The toxic effects of residual ethylene oxide (EtO), a frequently used gas-sterilant, on embryos either frozen for long-term purposes or stored acutely for 30 min to 9 hr in a fresh condition in 0.25-ml straw containers were evaluated. In Experiment 1, fresh embryos were frozen (using conventional technology) in straws previously aerated for 0 hr to 8 mo after EtO sterilization. With the exception of the 8-mo group in which survival and quality ratings were depressed, embryo viability was not affected significantly by short-term prefreeze and post-thaw exposure to EtO residues. Experiment 2 was conducted to analyze the influence of prefreeze exposure to EtO residues on embryo development in vitro for embryos temporarily stored in previously sterilized straws aerated for different intervals. Compared to non-EtO-sterilized control straws, the development, quality, and viability of embryos exposed to EtO-treated straws were compromised (p 〈 0.05) as the aeration interval decreased and the exposure interval increased. The combined results of both experiments indicate that EtO-treated straws can be used to cryopreserve gametes efficiently, but only if the aeration interval is ≥72 hr and the prefreeze duration of exposure is ≤3 hr.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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