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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat and power networks in process design. Part I: Criteria for placement of heat engines and heat pumps in process networks (1983)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 29 (1983), S. 742-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The general problem of heat and power integration in process networks is complex and to date not fully understood. The subject covers site combined heat and power, on-plant power generation, heat pumps, and refrigeration systems. This paper is the first of a two-part series and explains the concept of “appropriate” heat engine and heat pump placement in process networks based on a fundamental new insight. “Appropriate” placement takes advantage of integration opportunities with the remainder of the process and yields marginal efficiencies far greater than could be achieved through stand-alone heat engines. Conversely, “inappropriate” placement can never offer an advantage over stand-alone systems. Part II describes procedures for preliminary design, involving heat engine, and heat pump equipment selection and performance assessment.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690290508
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat and power networks in process design. Part II: Design procedure for equipment selection and process matching (1983)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 29 (1983), S. 748-771 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In Part I, criteria for heat engine and heat pump placement in chemical process networks were derived, based on the “temperature interval” (T.I) analysis of the heat exchanger network problem. Using these criteria, this paper gives a method for identifying the best outline design for any combined system of chemical process, heat engines, and heat pumps. The method eliminates inferior alternatives early, and positively leads on to the most appropriate solution. A graphical procedure based on the T.I. analysis forms the heart of the approach, and the calculations involved are simple enough to be carried out on, say, a programmable calculator. Application to a case study is demonstrated.Optimization methods based on this procedure are currently under research.
    Additional Material: 27 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690290509
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of ARCTM thermokinetic data to the design of safety schemes for industrial reactors (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Process Safety Progress 14 (1995), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-8527
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An ARCTM or similar experimental apparatus provides the transient temperature history of a chemical system under adiabatic conditions. The information obtained has several applications in the design and operation of industrial systems. Of particular interest is use of the adiabatic kinetic data to define “intervention strategies” based on “allowable response times” during an emergency.The time-temperature behavior of industrial reactors can be simulated over a limited temperature range by matching the “thermal inertia” (or φ-factor) of the experimental system to that of the full-scale system. This approach is applicable even for complex reactions, minimizes the extrapolation of data, and allows the use of simple models for data interpretation. Simulation results directly give the time available to respond in the event of a thermal runaway; this in turn defines the design requirements for an intervention scheme (e.g., emergency cooling, blow down, quench, etc.). The chosen intervention system can be tested experimentally prior to and/or during process start-up.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prs.680140112
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  • 4
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    Effects of gear box vibration and mass imbalance on the dynamics of multistage gear transmission (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The dynamic behavior of multistage gear transmission system, with the effects of gear-box-induced vibrations and rotor mass-imbalances is analyzed. The model method, using undamped frequencies and planar mode shapes, is used to reduce the degree-of-freedom of the system. The various rotor-bearing stages as well as lateral and torsional vibrations of each individual stage are coupled through localized gear-mesh-tooth interactions. Gear-box vibrations are coupled to the gear stage dynamics through bearing support forces. Transient and steady state dynamics of lateral and torsional vibrations of the geared system are examined in both time and frequency domain. A typical three-staged geared system is used as an example. Effects of mass-imbalance and gear box vibrations on the system dynamic behavior are presented in terms of modal excitation functions for both lateral and torsional vibrations. Operational characteristics and conclusions are drawn from the results presented.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: ASME, Transactions, Journal of Vibration and Acoustics (ISSN 0739-3717); 113; 333-344
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Into mesh lubrication of spur gears with arbitrary offset oil jet. I - For jet velocity less than or equal to gear velocity (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An analysis was conducted for into mesh oil jet lubrication with an arbitrary offset and inclination angle from the pitch point for the case where the oil jet velocity is equal to or less than pitch line velocity. The analysis includes the case for the oil jet offset from the pitch point in the direction of the pinion and where the oil jet is inclined to intersect the common pitch point. Equations were developed for the minimum oil jet velocity required to impinge on the pinion or gear and the optimum oil jet velocity to obtain the maximum impingement depth.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: ASME; 713-718
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    NASA transmission research and its probable effects on helicopter transmission design (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Transmissions studied for application to helicopters in addition to the more conventional geared transmissions include hybrid (traction/gear), bearingless planetary, and split torque transmissions. Research is being performed to establish the validity of analysis and computer codes developed to predict the performance, efficiency, life, and reliability of these transmissions. Results of this research should provide the transmission designer with analytical tools to design for minimum weight and noise with maximum life and efficiency. In addition, the advantages and limitations of drive systems as well as the more conventional systems will be defined.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Status of Understanding for Gear Materials (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: A wide variety of gear materials is available today for the gear designer. The choice of which material to use should be based on the requirements of the application and will include the operating conditions of load, speed, and temperature in addition to reliability, weight, noise limitation, accuracy, and cost. In aircraft applications such as helicopters, V/STOL aircraft, and turboprops, the dominant factors to be considered are reliability and weight. The following gear materials are reviewed herein with an emphasis upon mechanical properties, cost, and durability: plastics, nonferrous metals, copper alloys, iron alloys, metal powders, and steels.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Tribology in the 80's, vol. 2; p 795-809
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    An investigation of the transient thermal analysis of spur gears (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A finite element computer program is developed for evaluating the transient behavior of surface temperature in high performance spur gears. The time dimension is implemented using two and three point finite difference schemes. The different schemes are provided for the purpose of numerical stability and convergence studies. A detailed explanation of the gear cooling process leading to the establishment of a modified Blok model is also included. Other conventional models for approximating the heat transfer coefficients are available for comparison. Preliminary results are given showing snap shots of gear temperature contours at the initial stages of tooth engagement.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: ASME PAPER 84-DET-92 , ASME; 541-548
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Gearing (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Gearing technology in its modern form has a history of only 100 years. However, the earliest form of gearing can probably be traced back to fourth century B.C. Greece. Current gear practice and recent advances in the technology are drawn together. The history of gearing is reviewed briefly in the Introduction. Subsequent sections describe types of gearing and their geometry, processing, and manufacture. Both conventional and more recent methods of determining gear stress and deflections are considered. The subjects of life prediction and lubrication are additions to the literature. New and more complete methods of power loss predictions as well as an optimum design of spur gear meshes are described. Conventional and new types of power transmission systems are presented.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-RP-1152 , E-2003 , NAS 1.61:1152 , AVSCOM-TR-84-C-15
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Gear Lubrication and Cooling Experiment and Analysis (1983)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A gear tooth temperature analysis was performed using a finite element method combined with a calculated heat input, a calculated oil jet impingement depth, and estimated heat transfer coefficients for the different parts of the gear tooth that are oil cooled and air cooled. Experimental measurements of gear tooth average surface temperature and gear tooth instantaneous surface temperature were made with a fast response, infrared, radiometric microscope. Increasing oil pressure has a significant effect on both average surface temperature and peak surface temperature at loads above 1895 N/cm(1083 lb/in) and speeds of 10,000 and 7500 rpm. Both increasing speed (from 5000 to 10,000 rpm) at constant speed cause a significant rise in the average surface temperature and in the instantaneous peak surface temperatures on the gear teeth. The oil jet pressure required to provide the best cooling for gears is the pressure required to obtain full gear tooth impingement. Calculated results for gear tooth temperatures were close to experimental results for various oil jet impingement depths for identical operating conditions.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advanced Power Transmission Technol.; p 477-490
    Format: application/pdf
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