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  • 1
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    Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) modeling (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Attention is given to CELSS, a critical technology for the Space Exploration Initiative. OCAM (object-oriented CELSS analysis and modeling) models carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen recycling. Multiple crops and plant types can be simulated. Resource recovery options from inedible biomass include leaching, enzyme treatment, aerobic digestion, and mushroom and fish growth. The benefit of using many small crops overlapping in time, instead of a single large crop, is demonstrated. Unanticipated results include startup transients which reduce the benefit of multiple small crops. The relative contributions of mass, energy, and manpower to system cost are analyzed in order to determine appropriate research directions.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: In: Space Congress, 29th, Cocoa Beach, FL, Apr. 21-24, 1992, Proceedings (A93-25276 08-12); p. 8-31 to 8-37.
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  • 2
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    Achieving and documenting closure in plant growth facilities (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: As NASA proceeds with its effort to develop a Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) that will provide life support to crews during long duration space missions, it must address the question of facility and system closure. The concept of closure as it pertains to CELSS and engineering specifications, construction problems and monitoring procedures used in the development and operation of a closed plant growth facility for the CELSS program are described. A plant growth facility is one of several modules required for a CELSS. A prototype of this module at Kennedy Space Center is the large (7m tall x 3.5m diameter) Biomass Production Chamber (BPC), the central facility of the CELSS Breadboard Project. The BPC is atmospherically sealed to a leak rate of approximately 5 percent of its total volume per 24 hours. This paper will discuss the requirements for atmospheric closure in the facility, present CO2 and trace gas data from initial tests of the BPC with and without plants, and describe how the chamber was sealed atmospherically. Implications that research conducted in this type of facility will have for the CELSS program are discussed.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 12; 5, 19
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  • 3
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    Environmental control and life support systems (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Viewgraphs on Environmental Control and Life Support Systems (ECLSS) for Space Station Freedom are presented. Topics covered include: crew generated wastes processing and reclamation; water reclamation - pre- and post-treatment; simplified waste water processing; improved trace contaminant removal; and real time microbial analysis.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA, Washington, Technology for Space Station Evolution. Executive Summary and Overview; p 85-101
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  • 4
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    Unique methods for on-orbit structural repair, maintenance, and assembly (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: This paper reviews the MDA independent research and development (IRAD) efforts since 1986 in the development of two distinctly different approaches to on-orbit tube repair: (1) one-piece mechanical tube fittings that are forced, under pressure, onto the tube outer surface to effect the repair; and (2) electron beam weldings as demonstrated with the Paton-developed universal hand tool (UHT) space welding system for the repair of fluid lines and tubular components. Other areas of potential on-orbit repair using the UHT include damage to the flat or curved surfaces of habitation modules and truss assemblies. This paper will also address MDA evaluation of the Paton UHT system for on-orbit coating, cleaning, brazing, and cutting of metals. MDA development of an on-orbit compatible nondestructive evaluation (NDE) system for the inspection of tube welds is an important part of this complete space welding capability and will be discussed in a separate paper.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center, Seventh Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 1993), Volume 2; p 605-610
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  • 5
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    Technical assessment of Mir-1 life support hardware for the international space station (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: NASA has been progressively learning the design and performance of the Russian life support systems utilized in their Mir space station. In 1992, a plan was implemented to assess the benefits of the Mir-1 life support systems to the Freedom program. Three primary tasks focused on: evaluating the operational Mir-1 support technologies and understanding if specific Russian systems could be directly utilized on the American space station and if Russian technology design information could prove useful in improving the current design of the planned American life support equipment; evaluating the ongoing Russian life support technology development activities to determine areas of potential long-term application to the U.S. space station; and utilizing the expertise of their space station life support systems to evaluate the benefits to the current U.S. space station program which included the integration of the Russian Mir-1 designs with the U.S. designs to support a crew of six.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-TM-108441 , NAS 1.15:108441
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  • 6
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    Environmental Control and Life Support System (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-03
    Description: Viewgraphs on the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) for the space station are presented. The ECLSS is divided into six subsystems: temperature and humidity control (THC), atmosphere control and supply (ACS), atmosphere revitalization (AR), fire detection and suppression (FDS), water recovery management (WRM), and waste management (WM). Topics covered include: ECLSS subsystem functions; ECLSS distributed system; ECLSS functional distribution; CO2 removal; CO2 reduction; oxygen generation; urine processor; and potable water recovery.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA, Washington, Technology for Space Station Evolution. Volume 2: Data Management System(Environmental Control and Life Support Systems; p 317-341
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  • 7
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    Simple geometric algorithms to aid in clearance management for robotic mechanisms (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Global geometric shapes such as lines, planes, circles, spheres, cylinders, and the associated computational algorithms which provide relatively inexpensive estimates of minimum spatial clearance for safe operations were selected. The Space Shuttle, remote manipulator system, and the Power Extension Package are used as an example. Robotic mechanisms operate in quarters limited by external structures and the problem of clearance is often of considerable interest. Safe clearance management is simple and suited to real time calculation, whereas contact prediction requires more precision, sophistication, and computational overhead.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: JPL Proc. of the 17th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 149-155
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  • 8
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    The Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) advanced automation project (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The objective of the environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) Advanced Automation Project is to influence the design of the initial and evolutionary Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP) ECLSS toward a man-made closed environment in which minimal flight and ground manpower is needed. Another objective includes capturing ECLSS design and development knowledge future missions. Our approach has been to (1) analyze the SSFP ECLSS, (2) envision as our goal a fully automated evolutionary environmental control system - an augmentation of the baseline, and (3) document the advanced software systems, hooks, and scars which will be necessary to achieve this goal. From this analysis, prototype software is being developed, and will be tested using air and water recovery simulations and hardware subsystems. In addition, the advanced software is being designed, developed, and tested using automation software management plan and lifecycle tools. Automated knowledge acquisition, engineering, verification and testing tools are being used to develop the software. In this way, we can capture ECLSS development knowledge for future use develop more robust and complex software, provide feedback to the knowledge based system tool community, and ensure proper visibility of our efforts.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA. Johnson Space Center, Space Station Evolution Conference: Abstracts for Technical Sessions; p 12
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  • 9
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    A membrane-based subsystem for water-vapor recovery from plant-growth chambers (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Bioregenerative systems--life-support systems to regenerate oxygen, food, and water--are the key to establishing man's permanent presence in space. NASA is investigating the use of plant-growth chambers (PGC's) for space missions and for bases on the moon and Mars. PGC's serve several important purposes, including the following: (1) oxygen and food production; (2) carbon-dioxide removal; and (3) water purification and reuse. The key to the successful development of PGC's is a system to recover and reuse the water vapor that is transpired by the leaves of the growing plants. In this program we propose to develop a simple, reliable, membrane-based system that allows the recovery, purification, and reuse of the transpired water vapor through control of temperature and humidity levels in the PGC. This system has characteristics that make it ideally suited to use in space: (1) minimal power requirements; (2) small volume and mass; (3) simplicity; (4) reliability; and (5) versatility. In Phase 1 we will do the following: (1) develop an accurate, predictive model of our temperature- and humidity-control system, based on parametric tests of membrane modules; and (2) use this model to design systems for selected PGC's. In Phase 2, we will seek to design, fabricate, test, and deliver a breadboard unit to NASA for testing on a PGC.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-177602 , A-92193 , NAS 1.26:177602
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  • 10
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    Living in Space (1993)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In this educational video from the 'Liftoff to Learning' series, astronauts from the STS-56 Mission (Ken Cockrell, Mike Foale, Ellen Ochoa, Steve Oswald, and Ken Cameron) explain and show through demonstrations how microgravity affects the way astronauts live onboard the Space Shuttle, and how these same daily habits or processes differ on Earth. A tour of the Space Shuttle is given, including the sleeping compartments, the kitchen area, the storage compartments, and the Waste Collection System (or WCS, as they call it). Daily habits (brushing teeth, shampooing hair and bathing, eating,...) are explained and actively illustrated, along with reasons of how these applications differ from their employment on Earth.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-TM-110536 , NONP-NASA-VT-95-43939
    Format: text
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