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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: As nations continue to explore space, the desire to reduce costs will continue to grow. As a method of cost reduction, transporting and/or use of launch system components as integral components of missions may become more commonplace in the future. There have been numerous scenarios written for using launch vehicle components (primarily space shuttle used external tanks) as part of flight missions or future habitats. Future studies for possible uses of launch vehicle upper stages might include asteroid diverter using gravity orbital perturbation, orbiting station component, raw material at an outpost, and kinetic impactor. The LCROSS (Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite) mission was conceived as a low-cost means of determining whether water exists at the polar regions of the moon. Manifested as a secondary payload with the LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) spacecraft aboard an Atlas V launch vehicle, LCROSS guided its spent Centaur Earth Departure Upper Stage (EDUS) into the lunar crater Cabeu's, as a kinetic impactor. This paper describes some of the challenges that the LCROSS project encountered in planning, designing, launching with and carrying the Centaur upper stage to the moon.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN1211 , ARC-E-DAA-TN1307 , ARC-E-DAA-TN1526
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Recent bistatic measurements of the lunar radar cross-section have extended the spectrum to long radio wavelength. We have utilized the HF Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) radar facility near Gakona, Alaska to transmit high power pulses at 8.075 MHz to the Moon; the echo pulses were received onboard the NASA/WIND spacecraft by the WAVES HF receiver. This lunar radar experiment follows our previous use of earth-based HF radar with satellites to conduct space experiments. The spacecraft was approaching the Moon for a scheduled orbit perturbation when our experiment of 13 September 2001 was conducted. During the two-hour experiment, the radial distance of the satellite from the Moon varied from 28 to 24 Rm, where Rm is in lunar radii.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: The Moon Beyond 2002: Next Steps in Lunar Science and Exploration; 52; LPI-Contrib-1128
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: This paper describes recent field trials performed using the FIDO rover, an advanced NASA technology development platform and research prototype for the next planned rover mission to Mars.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: 9th International Symposium on Robotics and Applications, World Automation Congress; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: There are significant international efforts underway to place mobile robots (rovers) on the surface of Mars.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: International Society for Optical Engery; Boston, MA; United States
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: 6th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Automation in Space (i-SAIRAS 2001); Montreal, Quebec; Canada
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: Deep Space 1 is the first mission in NASA's New Millennium Program, a series of missions to demonstrate the feasibility of new technologies for spaceflight.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics; Biarritz; France
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-06-11
    Description: High-resolution images of Saturn's southern hemisphere acquired by the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem between February and October 2004 are used to create maps of cloud morphology at several wavelengths, to derive zonal winds, and to characterize the distribution, frequency, size, morphology, color, behavior, and lifetime of vortices. Nonequatorial wind measurements display only minor differences from those collected since 1981 and reveal a strong, prograde flow near the pole. The region just southward of the velocity minimum at 40.7 deg S is especially active, containing numerous vortices, some generated in the proximity of convective storms. The two eastward jets nearest the pole display periodicity in their longitudinal structure, but no direct analogs to the northern hemisphere's polar hexagon or ribbon waves were observed. Characteristics of winds and vortices are compared with those of Saturn's northern hemisphere and Jupiter's atmosphere.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Journal Of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); Volume 111
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  • 8
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: This paper will summarize the study that was conducted under the auspices of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), lead by Johnson Space Center s Engineering Directorate in support of the Lunar Lander Preparatory Study (LLPS) as sponsored by the Constellation Program Office (CxPO), Advanced Projects Office (APO). The lunar lander conceptual design and analysis is intended to provide an understanding of requirements for human space exploration of the Moon using the Advanced Projects Office Pre-Lander Project Office selected "HabiTank" Lander concept. In addition, these analyses help identify system "drivers," or significant sources of cost, performance, risk, and schedule variation along with areas needing technology development. Recommendations, results, and conclusions in this paper do not reflect NASA policy or programmatic decisions. This paper is an executive summary of this study.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: Rept-2007-01-3058 , International Conference on Environmental Systems; 9-12, 2007; Chicago, Il; United States
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The Lunar Surface System Habitat Demonstration Unit (HDU) will require the project team to integrate a variety of contributions from NASA centers and potential outside collaborators and poses a challenge in integrating these disparate efforts into a cohesive architecture. To accomplish the development of the HDU from conception in June 2009 to rollout for operations in July 2010, the HDU team is using several strategies to mitigate risks and bring the separate efforts together. First, a set of design standards is being developed to define the interfaces between the various systems of HDU and to the payloads, such as the Geology Lab, that those systems will support. Scheduled activities such as early fit-checks and the utilization of a Habitat avionics test bed prior to equipment installation into HDU. A coordinated effort to establish simplified Computer Aided Design standards and the utilization of a modeling and simulation systems will aid in design and integration concept development. Finally, decision processes on the shell development including the assembly sequence and the transportation have been fleshed out early on HDU to maximize the efficiency of both integration and field operations.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JSC-CN-19096 , Earth and Space 2010; Mar 14, 2010 - Mar 17, 2010; Honolulu, HI; United States
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Dawn spacecraft arrived at the dwarf planet Ceres in early 2015 after a two and a half-year cruise in deep space after departing Vesta. The nominal plan for Dawn included successively lower science orbits, the last of which is called the Low Altitude Mapping Orbit that also serves as the disposal orbit after the end of mission. Prior to Dawns arrival at Ceres, it was identified that Dawn would have to meet planetary protection requirements at Ceres by remaining on a stable orbit for 20 years past the end of the mission. With little a priori knowledge on Ceres interior we analyzed what gravitational perturbations influence the long-term dynamical evolution of Dawn around Ceres and validated that the gravitational model of Ceres with the then-current best estimate of the density distribution model does not exceed the permissible bounds. The forward modeling of gravity fields from various shape models and density distribution was deemed valid to satisfy the planetary protection guidelines. This analysis was further confirmed after a new shape model based on the actual optical images was created. The gravity field as measured in the High Altitude Mapping Orbit also fits within the bounds of gravitational field studied pre-arrival at Ceres to substantiate our methodology used to satisfy the planetary protection requirement.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
    Type: JPL-CL-16-3763 , AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialist Conference; Sep 13, 2016 - Sep 16, 2016; Long Beach, CA; United States
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