ALBERT

Beschreibung: In this project, The nutritional effects of Sargassum illicifolium Chabahar bay-Oman Sea, on growth and survival rates of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were studied. The seaweed collected from 6 coastal area, rinsed, dried, powdered and measured the nutritional values in laboratory for surveying statistically. According to the high nutritional value of Tis coastal seaweed, this variate seaweed powder, replaced with protein resources (fish meal and Soy and Wheat) of whiteleg shrimp feed which was formulated by Havorash feed factory of Boshehr in four treatments (A: as control without any replacement) B: with 5%, C: 10 % and D: 15% seaweed replacement, each with three replicates in order to obtain isonitrogenus 33% CP., and Isocaloric (13% fat and 15% carbohydrate) feed. The weighed milled ingredients were carefully mixed using a laboratory food mixer. The mixtures were primed with 30% hot water to yield a suitable pulp. Wet diets were made into 2 mm pellet size and dried at 40 °C in a drying cabinet and maintained in standard condition which was used according to daily need shrimp, calculated by each 10 days biometry. Water stability and absorbtion capacity of the pellets in sea water were measured and compared statistically. Juvenile shrimps (Initial body weghit =3 g) brought from Jask hatchery, acclimazed for one week in chabahar hatchery condition and feeding daily 3-5% body weight. Abiotical parameters and weight and lenght biometries were measured two days and 10 days, repectively. After 45 days and final biometry, FCR, CF, SGR, caracas analysis, muscle colourimetery with HPLC were done, tasted with pp Plot for determining the parametric data and statistically differences using one – way ANOVA, Duncan test of SPSS software. The Tis coastal seaweed with 9.8% CP, 2% lipid and 23% carbohydrate had higher nutritional value compared to the other gathered seaweed. Also amino acid and fatty acid profiles, vitamins and minerals were measured in all seaweed samples each, with three replications. As result, The water stability of D feed treatment in seawater (98%) and C (97%) had statistical differences with A and B (95% stability) (P〈0.05). Water absorption capacity of feeds after one hour immersion in seawater showed significance difference between D (110%) and three others, C(100%), B(85% and control(80%) (P〈0.05). Shrimp growth data, after the end of experiment revealed that seaweed feed treatments had no any differences with control group significantly. However, the absolute growth rate datas of D treatment were higher than others and the lower weight and lenght were measured in control group shrimp. FCR had difference between seaweed treatments and control statistically. There are no any differences between caracas lipid treatments (P〉0.05) but Cholestrol content of, showed differences between all, significantly (P〈0.05) which was the highest (121.68±12.12) in D and the lowest in A (147.92±11.02). Feed treatment D and C performed colour changes pink partial orang and pink in shrimp muscle with no any difference compared to white and none colour in shrimp were fed B and A feed treatments . It seems this colour changing can be playing a major role in market accebtability.

Beschreibung: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: This survey is part of the investigation on feasibility of introduction of Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 in shrimp culture industry of Iran. The objective was evaluation of the adaptation of the white leg shrimp, L. vannamei to brackish groundwaters of the Bafgh area in Yazd province. Around 120000 shrimp postlarvae (PL7 and 15) were stocked in four 0.15ha earthen ponds (17 and 23 ind/m super(2)) in July 2005 and the culture period took about four months. Physicochemical and biological factors were studied during the culture. Shrimps were fed with commercial feed of the L. vannamei. Results showed low survival (19.2%) and growth (2-2.5g mean body weight). Based on the assessments, the limnological factors were most unfavorable elements causing the low growth in the shrimp. Concentration of K, Ca, Mg and Na Fe (II and III), different heavy metals, nitrogenous compounds, water hardness and the season and thermal periods are probably the most essential factors affecting production yield of the shrimp because of underground origin of the water. Also, the structure of ponds and drainages, presence of invasive water plants and insects may have affected the survival and growth of the shrimp as well.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: The influence of different percents of plant protein (30, 50 and 70) in the diet of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with 38 percent protein, in comparison with a commercial shrimp diet (Fenneropenaeus indicus) with 39 percent protein (contain20 percent plant protein) was studied. Initial weight of shrimp was 10±1 gram. The average increase of shrimp weight in the end of culture period in experimental treatment 1 (contain 30 percent plant protein and 70 percent animal protein), 5.89±0.06 gram, experimental treatment 2 (contain 50 percent plant protein and 50 percent animal protein), 6.22±0.25 gram, experimental treatment 3 (contain 70 percent plant protein and 30 percent animal protein) 6/19±0/24 gram and in the control treatment (contain 20 percent plant protein and 80 percent animal protein) 6/42±0/40 were measured. Generally in the study of influence of experimental diets and control diet on the growth rate(GR), food conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR), average daily gain (ADG), demonstrate that, mentioned parameters in the control treatment is better than experimental treatments. But no significant difference measured between them (p〉0/05). Also results showed that, application of diets contain 50 percent of plant protein (with 22 percent soybean meal), and 70 percent of plant protein (with 72 percent soybean meal), can decrease costs of diet preparation and therefore shrimp production.

Beschreibung: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: Nowadays, the use of live food enrichment is very common in aquaculture and as a practical method introduced. Artemia a potential food source and quality is suitable, it will have used for feeding fish and crustaceans (shrimp). In this study, Artemia enriched with unsaturated fatty acids used for increase the sexual maturity of the white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Thus, the young brood stocks transferred to Bandarga Research station. In order to achieve optimal weight, Brood stocks were feeding by food concentrate and food frozen fresh. In this study such as 3 treatments each with 3 replicates, which brood stocks were stocking in the fiberglass thank with density 2 to 3 (pieces/m2). They were feeding with meals different including 1) squid , pen shale and marine polychaeta worm (Perinereis nuntia), 2) squid , pen shale and Artemia biomass "fransiscan", 3) squid , pen shale and Artemia biomass enriched with unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) SPARI SELCO solution after were eye ablation. The results showed that sexual maturity increased in the brood stocks fed with Artemia enriched which with significantly higher brood stocks fed with Artemia biomass and the marine worm (P 〈0.05) whereas significant difference was not found in the rate of sexual maturity brood stocks fed with Artemia biomass and marine worm (P〉 0.05). The other hand, histological studies showed that brood stocks fed with Artemia enriched than other two treatments contain were many mature follicles ready for ovulation. However, there was more absolute fecundity in the brood stocks fed with Artemia enriched, but don't found any significant differences in competition with other two treatments (P 〉 0.05). In addition, during this period, measured and recorded all factors physicochemical water and environment daily. Following this study showed that if the Artemia enriched as part of the diet can both caused eliminate unsaturated fatty acid deficiency diet and improved ovarian development and increase sexual maturity brood stocks female in a short interval. Finally, the results analyzed with statistical software spss 9.0, one way ANOVA and Tukey test.

Beschreibung: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: This survey is part of the investigation on feasibility of introduction of Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 in shrimp culture industry of Iran. The objective was evaluation of the adaptation of the white leg shrimp, L. vannamei to brackish groundwaters of the Bafgh area in Yazd province. Around 120000 shrimp postlarvae (PL7 and 15) were stocked in four 0.15ha earthen ponds (17 and 23 ind/m ^(2)) in July 2005 and the culture period took about four months. Physicochemical and biological factors were studied during the culture. Shrimps were fed with commercial feed of the L. vannamei. Results showed low survival (19.2%) and growth (2-2.5g mean body weight). Based on the assessments, the limnological factors were most unfavorable elements causing the low growth in the shrimp. Concentration of K, Ca, Mg and Na Fe (II and III), different heavy metals, nitrogenous compounds, water hardness and the season and thermal periods are probably the most essential factors affecting production yield of the shrimp because of underground origin of the water. Also, the structure of ponds and drainages, presence of invasive water plants and insects may have affected the survival and growth of the shrimp as well.

Beschreibung: This study was performed to investigating distribution and biomass of two species of brown algae (Colpomenia sinuosa and Iyengaria stellata) in coastal waters of Hormozgan Province, Southern Iran. We sampled the algae over the years 2001 to 2002 in low tide periods using random 0.5 * 0.5 quadrats along a transect passing through six sampling stations. The highest distribution extent of the two brown algae species during winter and spring seasons observed which coincided with the highest fluctuation in their biomass. The maximum biomass of C. sinuosa in winter and spring was 142 and 75 grams/m2 respectively. For I. stellata, the maximum biomass in the two seasons was 208 and 189 Grams/m2 respectively. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference among the biomass of the two algae species over different months and seasons of the year (p〈0.05). Hence, we concluded that the species occurrence is seasonal and did not find a significant difference in the biomass of the two species obtained from different sampling stations. However, species appearance in different stations occurred in different months with the western stations showing a 1 to 2 months’ time lag compared to that of the eastern stations.

Beschreibung: This survey is one of the researches of Investigation on feasibility of introduction of Litopenaeus vannamei in shrimp culture industry of Iran project. The aim of this survey was study about probability of adaptation of the white-leg shrimp, L. vannamei with brackish groundwater for culture at central Iran. 120/000 postlarvae (PL7&15) were stocked in four 0.15ha earthponds (17 & 23 N/m^2), in July 2005. Culture continued for about four months. Physicochemical and biological factors were studied. Shrimps were fed with L. vannamei commercial food. Results showed low survival (19.2%) and growth (2-2.5gr mean body weight while capture). Limnological factors may be the most important agent for unfavorable culture efficiency at based on the results of measurements. Concentration of K^+ (40mg/l), Ca^+2 (370- 472mg/l), Mg^+2 (340-407mg/l), Na^+ (3450mg/l), and their proportions; Fe^+2&+3 (0.18-1.17mg/l), Zn^+2 (0.072mg/l), nitrogenous compounds especially NH_3 (3.22mg/l), water hardness (2350-2870mg/l), different heavy metals; season of stocking and daily thermal periods (2.5-12°C with 8°C mode) are probably the most essential factors effecting production yield of L. vannamei, mainly because of underground origin of the water. Also, the structure of ponds and drainages, presence of invasive water plants and insects may affect survival and growth, as well.

Beschreibung: The influence of different percent’s of plant protein (30, 50 and 70) in the diet of white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with 38 percent protein, in comparison with a commercial shrimp diet (Fenneropenaeus indicus) with 39 percent protein (contain20 percent plant protein) was studied. Initial weight of shrimp was 10±1 gram. The average increase of shrimp weight in the end of culture period in experimental treatment 1 (contain 30 percent plant protein and 70 percent animal protein), 5.89±0.06 gram, experimental treatment 2 (contain 50 percent plant protein and 50 percent animal protein), 6.22±0.25 gram, experimental treatment 3 (contain 70 percent plant protein and 30 percent animal protein) 6/19±0/24 gram and in the control treatment (contain 20 percent plant protein and 80 percent animal protein) 6/42±0/40 were measured. Generally in the study of influence of experimental diets and control diet on the growth rate(GR), food conversion rate (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), specific growth rate (SGR), average daily gain (ADG), demonstrate that, mentioned parameters in the control treatment is better than experimental treatments. But no significant difference measured between them (p〉0/05). Also results showed that, application of diets contain 50 percent of plant protein (with 22 percent soybean meal), and 70 percent of plant protein (with 72 percent soybean meal), can decrease costs of diet preparation and therefore shrimp production.

Beschreibung: A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary digestible energy levels (DE) on kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum. Four isonitrogenous (35% protein) diets with digestible energy levels of 2500, 2600, 2700 and 2800kcal kg-1 were tested. Two hundred and forty advanced fry (2±0.4g) were randomly distributed in 12 fiberglass tanks of 400L capacity. Nutritional responses in terms of WG, FCR and PER as well as survival rate (SR) significantly improved (P〈0.05) with increase in DE level from 2500 to 2800 kcal kg-1 diet, but no difference between 2600 and 2700kcal kg-1 diet was found. Body crude protein and fat significant were increased (p〈0.05) when the dietary energy was raised up from 2500 to 2600kcal DE kg-1 diet, but a further increase on energy did not improve the fish crude protein and fat content.

Beschreibung: This study was determined some important extracted materials, Such as : Alginates of sodium & calcium and alginic acid in three species of brown seaweeds (Sargassum illicifolium , Cystoseira indica and Nizimuddinia zanardinii) during in different season in 1387 in coastal erea of Sistan and Baluochestan Provience. At First seaweeds sample were colected from sea beach and transferd to lab, so washed in fresh water and dried in the sun. So were under Alkaloid extraction with sodium carbonate (5 Persent), that were obtined fluid after filteration. The sodium alginate fibers extracted from fluid were combined by Alcohol. The calacium alginate fibers were deposited by calacium chlorids (5%) and Alginic acid resulted with chloridric acid (1N). The extraction yield of sodium alginate, calacium alginate and alginic acid in different samples of seaweeds with following Explaination: The presentage we have got, can be said , the present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ) Respectively: 28.4±2 , 28.9±2 , 27.2±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 19.7±1.4, 18.6±1.4, 19.2±1.3 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 23.4±1.5, 23.8±1.5 , 20.6±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ): 33.7±0.5, 33.7±0.8, 33.1±1 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 28.8±1.5, 27.4±1, 27.4±1.5 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 35.9±2.8, 23.9±1.5 , 35.9±2.8 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Spring season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ): 19.2±1.6 , 25.6±1.7 , 18.4±1.1 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Spring in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 16.8±1.2, 15.8±1.1, 16.4±1 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Spring were 19.2±1.6, 19.6±1.7 , 18.4±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar ) Respectively: 20.8±1, 21±1, 27.8±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 13.2±1, 14.1±0.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 25.3±2.3, 16.7±2.1, 15.3±1.3 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 29.5±2.1 , 29.7±2 , 28.3±2.2 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 20.2±0.9, 20±0.7 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 25.3±2.3, 29.7±2 , 23.1±1.5 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Summer season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 19.5±0.7 , 19.7±0.6 , 18.7±0.7 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Summer in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21±1.1, 11.5±1.4, 11.1±1.5 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Summer were 14.8±1.3, 15.3±1.3 , 14.6±1 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar) Respectively: 31.5±4.3, 31.6±4.8, 29.4±4.8 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 23±2.7, 21.4±2.8, 21.4±2.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 25.8±2.2, 26.4±2.1 , 23.4±1.9 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 43.3±1.6, 42.8±2.7, 41.7±2.9 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 34.3±5.9, 32.4±5.5, 30.9±5.2 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 50±7.1, 50.2±7.5, 45.6±5.2 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in Autumn season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 28±3.8, 28±3.5, 26±3.9 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Autumn in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 20.2±1.8, 19.2±2.1, 18.7±1.6 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Autumn were 25.9±3, 26.1±2.9, 24.6±3.6 in these three areas. The present average of sodium alginate at Sargassum in Winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar) Respectively: 35±1.6, 35.2±1.8 , 33.8±1.9 present, the present average of sodium alginate at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 24.1±2, 22.9±1.2, 23.3±0.7 present and the present average of sodium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 28.2±1.3, 29.2±1.7, 26.2±1.8 in these three areas. The present average of calacium alginate at Sargassum in Winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 45.6±1.9, 45±2, 44.6±2.5 present, the present average of calacium alginate at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 38.2±2.8, 35.9±3.4, 35.6±3.5 present and the present average of calacium alginate at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 56.4±3.5, 56±3.5, 51.8±2.5 in these three areas. The present average of Alginic acid at Sargassum in winter season in three areas (Chabahar, Tang and Pasabandar): 31.8±1.2, 32.1±0.9, 30.9±1.2 present, the present average of Alginic acid at Cystoseira in Winter in three areas at above mentioned goes in this way: 21.1±1.2, 20.4±1.4, 19.3±1.4 present and the present average of Alginic acid at Nizimuddinia in Winter were 26.4±2.1, 27±2.2, 24.6±2.2 in these three areas. The more amount of calacium alginate in Autumn can be found at Nizimuddinia in Tang area , wite amount of 50.2 present and the lates amount of Alginic acid at Cystoseira can be found in Summer with 11.1 present. If the Alginic acid become more than 20 present, it can be economical, that it can be showed more than 20 present in Autumn and Winter. According to this results, One way ANOVA showed that average of Alginates were not similar and significant differences ( P〈0.05 ) between species.